Exam 1 Flashcards
What is PCA?
pt-controlled analgesic which allows the pt to control their own pain
How is PCA administered?
- it can only be pushed by pt (not by a fam member or dr)
- the patient must be alert and oriented x4
- the time restriction is set by physician (meds are only administered at a set time, even if the pt tried to push the button meds will only be released in a given set time)
What are the rapid acting insulins?
- asparrt (Novolog)
- lispro (Humalog)
- glulisine (Aspidra)
What is the short acting insulin?
regular (Novolin and Humulin R)
What are the long-acting insulin?
- glargine (Lantus)
2. detemir (Levemir)
What is the intermediate insulin?
NPH
What is the onset, duration, and peak of rapid-acting insulin?
onset: 10-30 mins
duration: 3-5 hr
peak: 30 mins- 1 hr
What is the onset, duration, and peak of short-acting insulin?
onset: 30min - 1 hr
duration: 5-8 hr
peak: 2-5 hr
What is the onset, duration, and peak of long-acting insulin?
onset: 0.8-4 hr
duration: 24+ hr
peak: no pronounced peak
What is the onset, duration, and peak intermediate insulin?
onset: 1.5-4 hr
duration: 12-18 hr
peak: 4-12 hr
Which type of insulin can be given IVP?
Regular
What are the nursing interventions for a patient who is vomiting?
- turn them to their side
- elevate HOB
- emesis bag or basin
- suction
What is ketamine (Ketalar)?
potent analgesic and amnesic; bronchodilator
Before administering Ketalar what should you know about the patient?
make sure the patient is not tachycardic or hypertensive
What are 2 side effects of taking Ketalar?
increase BP & HR
What type of drug is most commonly given to type II diabetics?
Metformin (glucophage)
What is a side effect of Metformin?
causes weight loss
Can a type II diabetic drink ETHOL?
No because alcohol increases the risk of hypoglycemia
What is the proper diet for a pt. with diverticulosis?
low fat (reduce red meats) and high fiber (fruits and vegetables)
What is the normal range of urine specific gravity?
1.003-1.030
What is the normal range of NA+?
135-145
What is the normal range of K+?
3.5-5.5