Exam 1

Question 1

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Answer 1

World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 2

who defined public health as “The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts

Answer 2

Winslow in 1920

Question 3

Who defines dental public health as “The science and art of preventing and controlling dental disease and promoting dental health through organized community efforts. It is that form of dental practice that serves that community as a patient rather than the individual. It is concerned with dental health education of the public, with applied dental research and with the administration of group dental care programs, as well as the prevention and control of dental diseases on a community basis”

Answer 3

American Board of dental public health (ABDPH)

Question 4

What is the most distinctive difference between public health practice and private practice

Answer 4

Is the concept of the community as the patient

Question 5

Patient is the person currently in the dental chair and care is provided based on the individuals needs and desires

Answer 5

Private practice

Question 6

Even in a clinical setting, the care decisions for the person in your chair are impacted by the larger community and the setting in which the person is treated along with financing mechanisms

Answer 6

Public health

Question 7

What are the roles of the dental hygienist described by the American Dental Hygienists Association (ADHA)

Answer 7

1. Advocate
2. Educator
3. Clinician
4. Researcher
5. Administrator/ manager

Question 8

What is the ethical responsibility of all health care practitioners

Answer 8

To work toward improvement of the health of the community, especially for those who have limited access to care or cannot advocate for themselves

Question 9

3 core functions of public health agencies

Answer 9

1. Assessment
2. Policy Development
3. Assurance

Question 10

Which phase is public health activities were related to the elimination and control of diseases that grew out of rapid industrialization and crowded and poor living conditions

Answer 10

First Phase

Question 11

Which phase is population base prevention strategies were possible with advances in bacteriology and immunization, reducing the effects of infections disease. Immunization programs were an outgrowth of this phase

Answer 11

Second phase

Question 12

Which phase allowed further shift to the treatment of disease through increasingly complex medical tx. intervention occurred increasingly in hospitals rather than with community base public health measures. Many major infectious diseases, such smallpox, were eradicated developed

Answer 12

Third phase

Question 13

Which phase arises from the realization that technology may be strikingly effective in the tx or cure of acute health problems but ineffective in managing chronic lifestyle diseases and controlling the spiraling cost of high technology health care

Answer 13

Fourth phase

Question 14

what year did controlled clinical trails of water fluoridation began

Answer 14

1945

Question 15

what was considered one of ten great public health achievements

Answer 15

water fluoridation

Question 16

who began a course of study for his assistant, Irene Newman. This profession was positioned around the public health practice. The dental hygienist was to provide education and tx in the community setting and work as promoter for dental care.

Answer 16

Dr. Alford C. Phones 1906

Question 17

What controlled clinical trails of water fluoridation. These trails led to the establishment of water fluoridation as a safe, effective means of preventing dental caries.

Answer 17

NIDCR National institute of dental craniofacial Research on 1945

Question 18

The mission if the dental hygiene profession and the professional roles of dental hygienists are a

Answer 18

reflection of the natural fit between dental hygiene and public health, which was envisioned by Dr. Alfred Fones

Question 19

Who prepared the first dental hygienist

Answer 19

Dr. Alfred Fones

Question 20

The third phase of public health included all the following except the:
A. tx of disease with complex medical tx
B. eradication of small pox
C. intervention through hospitalization rather than community
D. cure fir acute health problems
E. effective management of chronic, lifestyle- related disease

Answer 20

E. effective management of chronic, life-style- related disease

Question 21

State dental public health units originally developed as a result of the

Answer 21

Maternal and child health grants to states

Question 22

The controlled clinical trails of water fluoridation began in

Answer 22

1945

Question 23

The primary reason for developing the NIDR was to

Answer 23

Address the national dental problems discovered through selective service rejections

Question 24

Core functions of public health include

Answer 24

Assessment
assurance
policy development

Question 25

Although oral health problems affect everyone, certain populations subgroups, defined by demographic factors such as

Answer 25

Age, sex, race, or ethnicity, socioeconomics status, primary language, geography, medical or disability status, and behavioral lifestyles, experience higher levels of oral disease

Question 26

What races generally have the poorest oral health of the racial and ethnic groups in the US

Answer 26

Non-Hispanic, Blacks, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives

Question 27

What are the two largest public health care financial programs are

Answer 27

Medicare and Medicaid

Question 28

Which public health care financial program has never provided coverage for oral health services

Answer 28

Medicare

Question 29

Which health care program is "jointly funded", by federal and state for certain low income and needy people. Oral health service for children are mandatory under this

Answer 29

Medicaid

Question 30

What is jointly funded federal-state program that provides health insurance coverage for children up to age 19 whose families do not qualify for Medicaid and are 2x that of federal poverty level

Answer 30

Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)

Question 31

Assessment of risk factors and protective factors for dental caries, periodontal disease, malocclusion and oral injury

Answer 31

Rick Assessment

Question 32

Counseling families about their children's current oral health status and what to expect at upcoming development stages

Answer 32

Anticipatory guidance

Question 33

What uses electronic information and communicates technology to provide and support health care provided in distant location

Answer 33

Tele-dentistry

Question 34

Which of the following persons is least likely to have difficulty accessing dental care? A. A frail, elderly women who is homebound B. A 20-year old, male, Hispanic, migrant agricultural worker C. A 40-year old female American Indian in an isolated Alaskan village D. a 59 year old state government worker E. A 2 yr old who lives in a single parent family with his five brothers and is eligible for but not enrolled in Medicaid

Answer 34

A 59 yr old state government worker

Question 35

Which is not a true statement A. Dental caries is the single most common chronic children's disease B. over 50% of child abuse cases involve head and oral facial trauma C. Uninsured children are 2.5 times less likely than insured children to receive dental care D. less than 200 school hours are lost to dental related illness each year

Answer 35

Less than 200 school hours are lost to dental- related illness each year

Question 36

The Surgeon generals report, A national call of action to promote oral health, covers five actions. Which of the following is not one of the actions? A. Change public of oral health B. Increase oral health workforce diversity, capacity, and flexibility C. Build the science base and accelerate science transfer D. Promote more disciplinary rather than interdisciplinary collaborations

Answer 36

Promote more disciplinary rather than interdisciplinary collaborations

Question 37

All of the following trends may increase access to care Except A. Teledentistry B. mobile and portable dentistry C. Dental expansion of community health centers D. more restrictive dental and dental hygiene state practice acts

Answer 37

More restrictive dental and dental hygiene state practice acts

Question 38

Which of the following is an accurate representation of a current dental public health workforce issue?

Answer 38

Ethnic representation in the dental public health workforce does not mirror representation in the population served by public health programs

Question 39

All of the following are considered barriers to implementing evidence- based dental public health practice EXCEPT A. Time it take for practitioners to adopt new research B. The translation of techniques used successfully in private practice with individual pt to a community base population C. Not having enough scientists to review previous studies D. the lack of funded oral health research in community based settings

Answer 39

not having enough scientists to review previous studies

Question 40

What is the directing force within the united Nations system. It provides leadership on global health matters, shapes heath research by setting norms and standards, communicating evidence-based policy options, which provides technical support to countries and monitors and assesses health trends

Answer 40

The World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 41

What are the forms of barriers to oral health care plan

Answer 41

1. Structural barriers 2. Financial 3. personal/ cultural

Question 42

which barriers are related to the numbers, type, concentration, location, or organizational configuration of health care providers

Answer 42

Structural barriers

Question 43

Which barriers has limit access because of a patients inability to pay for service, or providers who choose not to provide care for those with limited finances

Answer 43

Financial barriers

Question 44

which barriers inhibit patients from seeking care or following provider recommendations based on personal or cultural beliefs.

Answer 44

Personal/ cultural barriers

Question 45

What barriers are faced when accessing oral health care?

Answer 45

Structural Cultural Financial Personal

Question 46

Approximately how many countries worldwide use dental therapists or dental nurse providers to provide oral health care

Answer 46

50

Question 47

``` All of the following groups have limited access to oral health care Except A. minorities B. poor children C. rural residents D. people of low socioeconomic position E. working professionals ```

Answer 47

working professionals

Question 48

Which organization monitors health issues on a global scale?

Answer 48

World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 49

Structural barriers to oral health include

Answer 49

The number, type, and distribution of health care providers

Question 50

Alternative models for health care delivery

Answer 50

All of the above

Question 51

The American Dental Hygienists Assoication (ADHA) developed the Types of Dental Hygiene Careers, which incudes the different roles as a hygienist

Answer 51

1. Administrator/ manager 2. Clinician 3. Advocate 4. Educator 5. Researchers

Question 52

ADEA community involvement competencies for entry into the professional of dental hygiene

Answer 52

1. Asses the oral health needs of the community and the quality and availability of resources 2. Provide screening, referral, educational services that allow pt./clients to access the resources of the health care system 3. Provide community oral health services in a variety of settings 4. Facilitate pt./client access to oral health services by influencing individuals and/or organizations for the provision of oral health care 5. Evaluate reimbursement mechanisms and their impact on the pt access to oral health care 6. Evaluate the outcomes of community-based programs and plan for future activities

Question 53

The primary difference between public health practice and private practice is

Answer 53

the community is the client, rather than an individual

Question 54

Which organization has developed competency statements specifically for the newly graduated dental hygienist

Answer 54

American Dental Education Association

Question 55

What is the primary department of the federal government that oversees public health activities at the national level?

Answer 55

department of Health and Human Services

Question 56

What is under the jurisdiction of the Dept. of Health and Human Services

Answer 56

United states Public Health service (USPHS)

Question 57

As defined by Webster "a physical and mental well-being; freedom from disease"

Answer 57

Health

Question 58

Health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and is not nearly the absence of disease or infirmity

Answer 58

Defined by world health Organization

Question 59

Defines health "fulfilling society's" interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy

Answer 59

Institute of medicine (IOM)

Question 60

A key public health event occurred in August 1935

Answer 60

The social security act

Question 61

10 great public health achievements of the 20th century

Answer 61

Vaccination Motor vehicle safety workplace safety infectious disease control reduction in death from coronary heart disease and stroke safer and healthier food Healthier mothers and babies Family planning Fluoridated drinking water Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

Question 62

The NIDR was changed to what?

Answer 62

NIDCR

Question 63

The mission of the ADHA is to

Answer 63

Improve the public's total health

Question 64

One of the largest and employers of dental personnel in the Federal government is

Answer 64

United States Public Health Service (USPHS)