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Modern Building systems > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fire alarm systems are used to protect what?

A

The people, and secondary is property

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2
Q

What are the basic elements of a fire alarm system

A

Control panel, input-initiating devices, output signal devices, annunciator panel , ancillary devices

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3
Q

What do initiating devices do?

A

They send a signal to the control unit in the control panel to warn of an actual or impending fire situation

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4
Q

Initiating devices can be what types?

A

Manual pull stations or automatic

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5
Q

What are the most common types of automatic devices

A

Heat and smoke
Water sprinkler activated
Pressure switches
Optical devices

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6
Q

Initiating devices are also called what

A

Inputs

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7
Q

What do signal devices do

A

Signal devices produce an audible or visible alarm, or both

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8
Q

What are the most common signal devices

A

Vibrating bells

And speakers

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9
Q

Signal devices are also known as what

A

Outputs

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10
Q

The brain of a fire alarm system is actually called what

A

The control panel

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11
Q

What are the primary functions of the control panel

A

To monitor changes in conditions that occur at the input devices throughout the building and activate the output devices if required

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12
Q

What are the 2 main classifications of fire alarms

A

Single stage system and

Two stage system

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13
Q

What does a single stage system do and where are they used

A

Any initiating device will sound a general alarm on all signal devices
They are used in buildings with able-bodied occupants. Schools , apartment buildings, plants)

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14
Q

What is a two stage system

A

Any initiating device will first cause an alert signal. The alert signal may be converted to an alarm signal via a key operated switch in select pull stations, if the alarm isn’t responded to, it will be followed automatically by an alarm signal

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15
Q

What are typical places two stage systems are used

A

Hospitals, airports, shopping malls, hotels

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16
Q

What is one important thing that all two stage systems require?

A

They must be linked with the local fire department to facilitate a fast response

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17
Q

What is a type 1 alarm system

A

any alarm initiating device will activate all alarms in the system

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18
Q

What is a type 2 alarm system

A

General fire alarm system that is equipped with with an annunciator to indicate the zone in which the alarm was initiated

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19
Q

What is a type 3 alarm

A

General alarm system , in which the operation of any initiating device first causes a coded signal to sound on all audible alarm devices

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20
Q

What is a type 4 alarm system

A

The operation of any alarm initiating device causes a distinctive alert alarm. This system uses the manual key operated stations.

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21
Q

What is a type 5 alarm system

A

Same as type 4 but uses a coded signal to indicate what zone the alarm was initiated. Also defined as 2 stage, zone coded, indicating, local fa system

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22
Q

A manual pull station is a mechanical switch that has contacts in what position

A

Normally open

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23
Q

Why are pull stations bright REd

A

For easy recognition

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24
Q

Fixed temperature detectors may be what 2 types

A

Restorable and non restorable

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25
Q

What are 2 types of smoke detectors

A

Ionization and photoelectric types

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26
Q

What is a single stroke bell commonly used for

A

In a two stage system the same bell is used to give both single stroke and vibrating sound.

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27
Q

WhT are loud speakers used for

A

They are used to give emergency evacuation instructions

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28
Q

On a single zone control panel what are the leds used to indicate

A

green : normal operation
Red : alarm
Amber : trouble

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29
Q

Multi zone panels have what advantages

A

They are programmable
Give LCD readout displays and messages
House a multitude of electronic circuitry
Readily reprogrammable and reconfigured to suit various requirements

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30
Q

What is electrical supervision

A

The continuous monitoring for opens and grounds.

An open or ground will send a trouble signal, and not an alarm signal

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31
Q

What is Class A wiring

A

A class A system is that each device is supplied from two directions, this means an open circuit in the wiring would not disable any of the devices.

32
Q

What is class B wiring

A 
Class b systems are supplied from only one direction, if an open occurs all devices down stream will be out of commission. 
A feature of class b wiring is the end of line resistor
33
Q

What is an EOL resistor

A

A Color codes .5w resistor located in a separate box beyond the last initiating device in the circuit.

34
Q

What do annunciators do

A

Annunciators provide visual indication of the signals received in a multi zone FA Sysem

35
Q

Why don’t we use meggers on fire alarm systems

A

Meggers produce upwards of 500v and can damage components in a system

36
Q

When testing the signal systems for opens and grounds what do we need to pay attention to

A

Polarity
The Ohmeter should read the end of line resistor and if they are reversed the reading will be 500 or less depending on the bells on the circuit. Because the diodes will conduct in reverse polarity.

37
Q

Checking that all devices function properly is known as what

A

Testing

38
Q

What very important documents must be kept for the fire alarm system

A

Fire safety plan ,

Log book

39
Q

What is the onion skin principle

A

A concept in security planning that employs successive layers of protection

40
Q

What are the layers of the onion skin approach

A

Perimeter protection (
Space protection
Spot protection

41
Q

Perimeter protection is also known as what

A

Point of entry protection

42
Q

Space protection is also known as what

A

Volumetric protection

43
Q

Spot protection is also known as what

A

Object or trap protection

44
Q

What are the 3 main circuits of an alarm system

A

Detection circuit
Control circuit
Output circuit

45
Q

What does he term Secure mean

A

When the detection devices are not detecting an intrusion

46
Q

What does the term insecure mean

A

When an intrusion is detected

47
Q

Detection circuits and connected devices come in what Two basic types

A

Closed loops and open loop

48
Q

Which type of detection circuit is most common

A

Closed loop

49
Q

What is a closed loop circuit

A

When a closed loop is secure it is a continuous, closed loop

50
Q

What are 4 basic types of closed loop circuits

A

Two wire
Two wire with EOL resistor
4 wire
4 wire elc

51
Q

Which of the closed loop circuits is the hardest to defeat

A

4 wire ULC is the hardest to bypass

52
Q

What precautions must we consider when installing reed switches

A

Very fragile.
Low current handling capabilities
Switch and magnet must be aligned correctly
Do not install in the vicinity of steel.

53
Q

What does PIR stand for

A

Passive infrared detector

54
Q

Why is a PIR considered passive

A

Instead of always radiating a signal it passively detects a change in infrared radiation

55
Q

Why are PIRs so popular

A

Self adjusting
Relatively fool proof to install
Passive devices
Versatile

56
Q

Microwaves emit radiation in what range

A

Between 10ghz and 12 ghz range

57
Q

What are the 2 types of glass break detectors

A

Audio and shock sensors

58
Q

What indicates when all zones are secure and ready to be armed

A

A indicating LED light labeled ready

59
Q

What does the typical led keypads display

A 
Loops status 
Ready status 
Armed status 
Zone bypass
System trouble
Alarm memory
60
Q

The most common types of dry cells are what

A 
Carbon zinc 
Zinc chloride 
Alkaline 
Mercury 
Silver oxide 
Lithium
61
Q

Why is carbon zinc the most commonly used cell

A

It’s low cost, ready availability and reliable performance

62
Q

What is a pro and con of a zinc chloride cell over a carbon zinc cell?

A

Con: costs slightly more
Pro: delivers up to 50% more energy

63
Q

The uniquely different electrolyte chemistry of an alkaline cell offers how much more energy than a standard carbon zinc?

A

10 times

64
Q

What cell is commonly seen in the button configuration and has amperage capacities of 35-200 mAH

A

Silver oxide cells

65
Q

This cell provides an almost constant output voltage thought it’s entire working life

A

Mercury cells

Or mercuric-oxide

66
Q

What is a secondary battery

A

It is an assembly of electrochemical cells that can be recharged electrically by passing current through them in the opposite direction of the discharge path

67
Q

What are 3 common types of long life storage batteries

A

Lead acid
Nickel iron
Nickel cadmium

68
Q

What is the most widely used secondary battery

A

Lead acid

69
Q

What range of relative density does a lead battery have

A

Between 1210 to 1300

70
Q

What is memory effect in sintered plate nickel cadmium rechargeable batteries?

A

Causes them to recharge to less than full rated charge. The batteries gradually lose their max capacity if they are repeatedly recharged after being discharged to a partial level rather than completely discharged

71
Q

How do we calculate relative density?

A

Using 25 degrees for every degree added above or below, .7 is added or subtracted

72
Q

What is a float charge

A

A charging system in which the battery and its load are connected in parallel to the rectified power source

73
Q

What are the 2 fundamental methods used to charge batteries

A

Constant voltage and constant current

74
Q

What are 4 examples of ancillary devices ?

A

Shut down,
Damper closures
Fan start ups
Door holders

75
Q

Compare ultrasonic and microwave detectors to PIR’s

A

Microwaves pass through walls (nusence trips)
Sensitive to room acoustics (carpet etc)
Detectors can interfere with each other

Modern Building systems (2 decks)

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