Exam 1

Answer 1

This is placed before the opening HTML tag and is a picky setting that tells the browser this is indeed an HTML document. It is optional, but good to include.

Question 2

html

Answer 2

Web pages are saved in this format and we introduce it later in this lesson. An HTML file will contain markup and references to other files such as CSS style sheets, JavaScript files, images, and other documents hyperlinked in the content.

Answer 3

This tag goes directly inside the html tag and contains invisible information about the document, links to additional scripts, and sometimes embedded scripts. The element is also placed here to provide the formal title of the document.

Answer 4

This is one of many meta tag settings allowed inside the tag and specifies what set of text characters this document should expect to use. It is also optional but recommended.

Answer 5

This tag follows the head tag directly inside and contains all visible content for the document. You’ll spend most of your time with markup inside this element.

Question 6

id

Answer 6

hort for “identifier,” this attribute can be used to provided a unique name for the element. This is helpful for three uses:

this attribute allows you to provide labels that help you distinguish one element from another of the same kind, specifically significant elements that are set apart from others in some way;

we often want to apply styles to a specific element or its children, so this attribute is helpful for CSS;

other technologies such as JavaScript make use of this unique identifier.

Question 7

class

Answer 7

similar to the id attribute, the class attribute allows us to provide a label for an element. However, whereas the id attribute must be unique, the class attribute can be used several or even many times in a single document. This helps us provide more information about an element and what it is used to mark as well as identify it as part of a series of other similar items.

Question 8

<p> (block level content tag)</p>

Answer 8

Paragraph – This tag is the most basic of tags for text content. If you’re not sure what content is, start by marking it as a paragraph.

Question 9

<abbr> (inline content tag)</abbr>

Answer 9

tag defines an abbreviation or an acronym, like “Mr.”, “Dec.”, “ASAP”, “ATM”

Question 10

<blockquote> (block level content tag)</blockquote>

Answer 10

which is used to mark a long quotation. If a quotation takes up an entire sentence or more, use <blockquote> to identify it. Check it out:

<blockquote>
<p>A quiet answer
turns away wrath.</p>
</blockquote>

</blockquote>

Question 11

<dl> and <dd> and </dd><dt> (block level content tag)</dt></dl>

Answer 11

Definition lists contain a series of term-and-definition pairs marked by definition term <dt> and definition description </dt><dd> tags and grouped by a definition list <dl> tag.
Use definition lists when you have a set of terms and descriptions such as a vocabulary list or reference list.

<dl> tags can only contain <dt> and </dt><dd> tags as their direct children.</dd></dl>

</dl></dd>

Question 12

(block level content tag)

Answer 12

Mark a short quotation.

Question 13

<cite> (inline content tag)</cite>

Answer 13

Identify the citation or source for a quotation or reference.

Question 14

<i> (inline content tag)</i>

Answer 14

Add italics to content without adding emphasis, such as marking the title of a book. Remember that <em> is better to use when italics are added for actual emphasis.</em>

Question 15

<b> (inline content tag)</b>

Answer 15

Add boldface to content without adding emphasis. Most times, you’ll probably want to use <strong> since bolding is often used to mark content that has strong emphasis.</strong>

But for cases where you simply want to portray a slightly different voice or style through bolding, this tag can be helpful.</strong>

Question 16

<em> (inline content tag)</em>

Answer 16

Add emphasis to content. The result by default is for text to be italicized.

Question 17

<strong> (inline content tag)</strong>

Answer 17

Add strong emphasis to content. The result by default is for text to be bolded.

Question 18

^{(inline content tag)}

Answer 18

Mark superscript text such as the “nd” in 2^nd.

Question 19

_{(inline content tag)}

Answer 19

Mark subscript text such as the “2” on O2.

Question 20

<br></br> (stand alone tag)

Answer 20

element produces a line break in text (carriage-return). It is useful for writing a poem or an address, where the division of lines is significant.

Question 21

<hr></hr>

(stand alone tag)

Answer 21

thematic break; horizontal rule

Question 22

<a></a>

Answer 22

The attribute value for the href attribute is referred to as a path as it indicates the address from here to some location on the Internet. So in this example…

<a>Click me</a>

Question 23

href

Answer 23

must be set in order for a hyperlink to point to the desired file or URL.

<a>Click me</a>

Question 24

<img></img>

Answer 24

Images are created with the <img></img> tag

<img></img>

Question 25

src

Answer 25

Images are created with the <img></img> tag and the desired image is indicating using the src attribute.

<img></img>

Question 26

alt

Answer 26

…is used on images particularly to provide plain text explanations of the image or text content in the image.

There are several instances where this is necessary:

Provide a caption for an image if the image’s surrounding content does not provide this. This also allows search engines to discover content of images in case this is relevant for your users.

Provide fallback text for an image that contains text so that if the image is not available, the user will see text rather than just a broken image icon.\

It is a best practice to provide the alt attribute for every image you insert. The only common exceptions are when the image is purely decorative (it adds no content to the page, but adds a visual embellishment) or when surrounding text provides a clear enough caption for the image.

Question 27

<div></div>

Answer 27

The <div> tag is nothing more than a container unit that encapsulates other page elements and divides the HTML document into sections. </div>

Answer 28

this tag can be used to contain a typical site’s central content that comes between its masthead and footer.

Answer 29

Sectioning means dividing our content up into distinct groups of related content. tags (or their derivatives) should be used when…

A set of content works as a semantic group, and, ideally, begins with a heading

A set of content fills a particular or important role in the context of the site or page and is worth calling out as a significant section of the site

Answer 30

Use this to mark groups of important navigation links. Every site that has multiple pages should have at least one section.

Answer 31

Use this to mark the heading and any other content that forms the overall or masthead for a particular set of content.

Answer 32

Use this to mark content that provides additional information or resources relating to a section of content. Note as well that and can be applied at the page level to mark persistent site masthead () and site information ().

Answer 33

Use this instead of when the group of content you’re marking could stand completely on its own without surrounding content. Like the name suggests, a blog entry or article in an online newspaper are good examples of when to use this.

Answer 34

Use this specifically to mark sidebar content or groups of content inside an or that are not critical, but tangential content. If the surrounding content would be just fine without the group in question, an is a good sectioning tag to use.

Answer 35

The tag is used to create an HTML form for user input.

Answer 36

drop-down list

Answer 37

defines an option in a select list

Answer 38

multi-line text input control; holds an unlimited number of characters

Answer 39

defines an HTML table. An HTML table consists of the element and one or more , , and elements

Answer 40

defines a table header

Answer 41

defines a table cell

Answer 42

defines a table row

Answer 43

specifies an input field where the user can enter data

type attribute – what each value accomplishes: text, password, submit, radio, checkbox