Exam 1 Flashcards
What is a telephoto lens?
A lens that greatly magnifies the distant objects. Tighter frame
In relation to subject camera distance what is, an extreme close up?
A shot on the detail of a subject
What is a close up?
Shoulders up. A shot that isolates the onject of image
What is a medium close up?
Chest up
What is a medoum shit?
from waste up
What is a three quarter shot?
From knees up
What is a full shot?
Full figure
What is an extreme long shot?
Caners is very far away from the subject
What is a two shot?
Two figures
What is a three shot?
Three figures, greater subject camera disance
What is a Master-shoit?
All charecters are taken in
What is another way to provide expressive content i addition to subject camera distance
Camera angle
What is an eye level shot?
A shot where the camera i sparrele l to the eyes of the actgor. They are on ithe same horizontal plane
What is a low angle shot?
A shot where the angle is low, giving the charecter a towering persona making them larger than life or scarier in a way
Curiosity for general film culture: the low-angle shot was widely in use by German and Scandinavian directors of silent cinema. They applied it especially to shadows projected against a wall, to convey a sense of fear.
What is a high angle shot?
Shot on top of charecter, diminishing or velittling charecter
What is a birds eye view?
High up, think hitchcock
What is a dutch tilt?
Diagonal camera angle used to portray uneasiness. think german expressionism
Cinema is both _____ and ____
Space and time
What is fps?
Franes persecond.
What is the standard fps for camera and projector
24 fps
In early days of cinema what would undercranking do to the footage when projected?
Speed up motion
In early days of cinema when caera technicians would overcrank this would make the film ____ when projected?
slower
With synchronized sound film image tracks and soundtrack.. “
had to be both recorded and projected at the same time
What s the difference between real and reel time?R
Real time is the time we expereience in daily life unmoderated by the medium of an outside force say cinema. But when cinema cuts, edits, and constructs a story itbhn diffeent framesn in varying ways, they are construcgting reel time
What is Lexiconning?
squeezing in commercials on tv to reduce movie length.
What is composition?
re;ationship of lines, volumes masses nd shapes and any single instance in a represenaation
percise arrangements of charecters and objects within frame
What is Misce en scene?
everything ithin the frame from the charecters, set, lighting, costumes, etc
What are the two meaning of frame?
Celluloid strip and the border of image on screen
What is a take?
A single attempt to record a shot
What is the aspect Ration?
Width X Height
What is the acadey ratio?
1:37:1
What is Representation?
“A sign or symbol that communicates meaning with a combination of content and form […] All films and photographs are representation, no matter how realistic they may seem” (from Glossary ).
What does film studies attempt to wake up up to?
Whsts in front of us on screen, ti make us more conscious of what we’re seeing and why
The struggle for representening is evident in the avan gardes like?
Futurism and cubism
What is reality?
In narrative films directors have somethig to photograph, but with all of the hollywood magic that goes into it is it truly real?
Mice en scne does not have to realistic but it does have to have?
Meaning
Wht is a shot?
The basic element of filmaking
What differentiantes a shot from a take/?
Its a peice of fim run through a camera exposed and developed
What’s the difference between a scene and a shot?
A shot is a unit of length or duration […] a scene is a longer unit, usually consisting of several shots” (8).
What is the difference between mise en scene and a scene
a mise-en-scène describes both the content of a sequence of shot and of one single shot.
What is a take?
A take is a single recording of a shot
What is Aspect Ratio?
Width Times Height
What is 1.:37:1?
Academy Ratio
What is conemas unique component in relation to framing?
Mobile Framing
In relation to Mobile Framing what does that share with a particular movement in art history?
Cubism
What are the different typess of camera movements?
Pan, tilt, track, crane, dolly, moving, handheld, steadicam, motivated unmotivated
What is a zoom?
Fake cameras movement?
How is a zoom achieved?
Through a telephoto lens
What are the six off screen spaces?
Off screen
Right left top bottom non diegetic, behind the camerra
Cinema is writing with what two compinents?
Movement and Light
The term cinemotography highlights what?
That it is about photography for motion pictures
What are four cinemotographic elelements that come together to produce the images we see on screen?
- lIGHTING DEVICES AND THEIR EFFECTS
- Film sticks and the colors and tones they produce
- the lens used to record images on celluloid
- images shapes and genisis
What ratio were original silent movies shot at?
1.33:1
What ratio is conemascope shot at?
2.40:1
Panavision achieves a 2.40:1 aspect ratio as well but it uses an?
ANamorphic lens
What is an anomorphic image?
An imae that appears normal only when viewed from some particular perspective or when viewed theough some transforming optical device such as a mirror
: a lens in the camera that squeezes the large image in a regular frame and a lens in the projector that squeezes the image out back unto the wide screen. : This describes a?
Anamorphic lens
What is Cinerama?
A three strip system 2:77.1 Cameras interlicked
What is Vista Vision?
Horizontal film with sproket holes on tob and bottom 1.51:1
What is Todd-AO
70 MM Film
Masing a movie with an apperture plate is the most common way to?
Produce a widescreen effect?
What is an apereture plate?
A smooth plate that establishes the film plane in a motion picture camera or a projector and that has a rectangular opening defining the margins of the picture area
Why pay attention to aspect ratio?
It also contributes to the expressive meaning
What is Letterboxing?
Perserving the original aspect ratio
Letterboxing is the antithesis of?
Lexiconning
Cinema is…?
Light
Who were the “Fathers of cinema? with the caveat that we recognize alice guy solax as well
Lumiere bros
What is concerned with the expressive values of light?
Cinema
What is three point lighting?
Key-fill-hair
What is a key, fill and back?
Key: Point light, aims directly at the sibject
Fill: Light used to fill in shadows from key
Back o hair: Seperates subject from background more distigisuhed
What is High key v low key?
High kjey is fgilling every iight with the most [popwer to create an even hollywood ewffect wjile low key ois using the key as the only main light source and using the fill light sparingly. This creates dim shadow with a feeling of despair. Think film noir
What is a dp?
Director of Photography
A dp must choose what?
Film Stock
What is Gauge ?
The width 65mm 35mm
What is the TYPE in relation to film gauge?
Black and white negative color negative intermidiate stcok black and white print, color proint
What is the exposure index?
Film senesativity to lighttrhat can be slow or fastr
Fast film stocks produce ___ contrast while slow film stocks produce ____ contrast?
Higher, Lower
What does tinted mean?
is the process of adding color to black-and-white film, usually by means of soaking the film in dye and staining the filmemulsion. The effect is that all of the light shining through is filtered, so that what would be white light becomes light of some color.
What does toned mean?
is the process of replacing the silver particles in the emulsion with colored, silver salts, by means of chemicals. Unlike tinting, toning colored the darkest areas, leaving the white areas largely untouched.
What is fdewpth of field?
Focus of lens from foreground to background
What is deep focus?
Complete focus from the foreground to background, no blur a very crisp image
What is a zoom lens?
A lens that has the capability tro compress space and give a faux camera movements. Greater dof
What is racking focus?
Going from one plane of focus to another
What are Long Takes
A single shot of an unusually long duration
Editing or cutting is
Putting shots together
Transitions is how we?
Pass from one cut to another and advance from scene to scene
What sare the different types of transitions?
Fade in and out
Iris in and out
dissolve
wipe
Straight Cut
Eyeline cutr
Jump Cut
Cameo
What does Montage mean in french?
Editing
What does montage mean in the us?
condenceing action space and time
Think of rocky’s training seuences
Montage is also a?
Asthetic philosophy advanced by Sergei Eisenstein
Images derive meaning only in connection with?
One another
Match in action is ?
Matching a cut witrh the action that takes place
Eye line Match is?
Think of kuleshov experiement
What is the 180 degree rule?
Actors sit on an imaginary 180 degree line and te camera is supposed to stay with that confine
What is the 180 degree rukle usefuil for?
Shot reverse shot sequence
In silent movies the words were read in?
Captions or title cars
How is sound on film made?
Light waves read by the projector and converted into sound
What is Dolby?
A sstem invented by Ray dolby in 1965, it is a surround sound system that reduces background noises enhances clairty of vvoices sound effects and offers a total of six seprate channels that play sound from speakers placed behind the screen on the left, center, right, and subwoofer
What is a subwoofer?
A complete loudspeaker
Where is the digital iformation of sound placed?
Between the sproket hole s of the film
Music can go with or?
Against the text
What is an image track?
Light that enters the cameras lens
What is a soundtrack?
Sound that entrers a micophone
What is a boom mic?
A mic that is typically held on a long rod that is placed above the action to capture sound quality up close
What are radio microphones?
Microphones used to recpord sound by directly talking into it. Diegetic
What are shotgun microphone?
Usually pointed directly at the action in the case of rode m,ic they attasch to the hotshoe in basic cannon cameras
Sounds can either be produced in ____ or ____
Analog or digital
What are foley sounds?
Foley sounds are the sound effect artists basically. People who can make or create sound effects or noises that can be used to match the action on screen
What is a score?
A musical composition used to match witt he image on screen. Uusally non diegetic
Soun mixers are?
The editors of sound
What are the 3 main sounds on film?
Dialogue, sound effects, music, and silence
What is Dialogue?
Any spoken word
What is Music?
Diegetic- on screen
Non diegetic- oiff screen
What are sound effects?
All the rest
What is the difference between grammar and syntax?
Syntax how words are ordered
Grammar- how words are inflected conjugated declined etc
What is a transition?
The way one shot is linked to another
What is Langue?
The language we speak that is intelligiable to others around us
What is Parole?
How we use the word of language in a metaphorical way
What is a story?
X meets Y all the events as they occur in chronological order
What is the plot?
How the story is put together? ordering and structure of narrative
What is Syuzhet?
Plot
What is the Fabula?
It is the sum of the story, plot, and the audiences reception. Feeds on what we call the theory of recption
Who are the receptrionists?
We arew, the audience
USE ALL CAPITOL LETTER FOR CHARACTER FIRST APPEARANCE AND CHARACTER DESCRIPTION.
: T O F?
T
In screen plays what does there need to be a distinction between?
Scenes interior exterior time period characters
Scene is not?
Sequence
A scene is defined by te unity of?
Time space and action
Sequence is defined by?
Pattern of shots within each scene
Scenes and sequences ae both ?
Unoits of dramatic action
What is cross cutting?
Cutting to an offscreen space that is happening at the same time
What is Montage?
Diffeent meanings by geographic space
Simple cuts need?
No special transition techniques
A dissolve is?
One shot fades in while the other fades out
A wipe is?
When one image appears and other one out
What is Desire?
The goal aim purpose of movie
What is the peripetia?
The obstacle trhe character faces
What is a b move?
They are called B movie because they filled the B side of a double feature (in movie theaters they showed two movies. One ranked as A, and a filling movie, cheaper, ranked as B.
