Exam 1 Flashcards
9 regions of the abdomen
Top region:
Right hypochondriac region
Epigastric region
Left hypochondriac region
Center region:
Right lumbar region
Umbilical region
Left lumbar region
Bottom region:
Right iliac region
Hypogastric region
Left iliac region
Difference between anatomical position and fundamental position.
The fundamental position is the same except that the palms of the hands face medially toward the thighs
4 Region Classification
Right Upper
Left Upper
Right Lower
Left Lower
Function of Bones
Support Movement Protection Mineral Storage Hemopoiesis
3 parts to the long bone.
Diaphysis – shaft
Metaphysis –Wide parts between the shaft and the ends
Epiphysis – two ends
The central cavity of the diaphyses is called the…
medullary cavity
The medullary cavity contains yellow bone marrow which is ____% fat
96 %
The medullary cavity is lined by a thin connective tissue layer called the ______.
endosteum
What are the 2 parts of the Periosteum?
Consists of a inner reproductive layer the stratum osteogeneticum and an outer fibrous layer the stratum fibrosum.
The periosteum covers all the outer surface of long bones except:
- The articulating surfaces covered by hyaline cartilage.
- At points of insertion of ligaments and tendon (apophysis).
- Surface of the patella and other sesamoid bones.
Functions of the Periosteum
Nutrition
Protection
Growth
Their outer surfaces of the epiphyses.
compact, cortical, or lamellar bone
Their interior of the epiphyses consists of interconnecting spicules of…
spongy, cancellous, or trabecular bone
Ossification begins by the ____ week prenatal and is nearly completed by ____ years of age.
4th – 6th
25
Ossification centers can be observed by the ___ week prenatal.
8th
Most bones develop from cartilage which is later replaced by bone
intracartilaginous ossification
Bone may develop from direct transformation of condensed mesenchyme called…
intramembranous ossification
How many bones in the axial skeleton?
Cranium 8 Face 14 Hyoid 1 Auditory ossicles 6 Vertebral column 26 Sternum 1 Ribs 24 Total 80
The Facial Bones
14 bones 2 maxillae 2 nasal 2 lacrimals 2 palatine 2 zygomatic 2 inferior nasal concha 1 vomer 1 mandible
Where is the Sagittal suture?
between the two parietal bones
Where is the Coronal suture?
between the frontal bone and the parietal bones
Where is the Lambdoidal suture?
between the parietal bones and the occipital bone
Where is the Squamosal suture?
between the parietal bones and the temporal bones - one each side of the skull
What and where are the fontanels and when do they close after birth?
Posterior – between the parietal bones and the occipital bone; 2 months
Anterolateral – 3 months
Posteriolateral – 12 months
Anterior – largest and last; 18-24 months.
