Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the function of the Parathyroid Hormone?
Bone formation and resorption. Can increase the recruitment and the activity of osteoclasts.
Most Euchromatic Cells are what? name 4
Neurons
Hepatocytes(liver cells)
Pancreatic acinar cells
Sertoli cells
What are the 4 functions of a plasma membrane?
communication
intercellular connection
physical barrier
selective permeability
which organelle has Uniparental inheritance?
Mitochondria
What are some unique characteristics about Mitochondria?
- they are self-replicating organelles
- they are uniparental inheritance
- double membrane=cristae (foldings)
- not visible under LM
- atp production
10% buffer formalin is added during which step of tissue processing?
Fixation
Which step during tissue processing is where paraffin is introduces?
infiltration
what is the resolving power of TEM?
0.16-0.18 nm
what are the advantages of SEM?
3D images
external structures only
When doing tissue processing what size do the tissues have to be sliced?
1-7um
What is the diameter range for intermediate filaments?
between 6 and 12nm in diameter. they are between the size of actin and myosin
What intermediate filament stain shows Epithelium?
Tonofilaments (cytokeratins)
what intermediate filament stain shows you mesenchymal cells?
VIMENTIN
fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells
What intermediate filament stain shows muscle?
Desmine
striated and smooth muscle
what intermediate filament stains shows neurons?
Neurofilaments
most but probably not all neurons
What are the four different pigments?
melanin
lipofuscin
lutein
hemosiderin
Where is lipofusin found and what color is it?
neuro, skeletal, cardio
it is the wear and tear pigment
brown
Where is hemosiderin found and what color is it?
spleen
brown pigment
What are some characteristic of Microvilli and where are they located?
non-motile
increase surface area for absorption
located in the kidney and intestine
What are some characteristics of Cilia and where are they located?
motile
longer but less dense
upper respiratory tract
what are some characteristics of sterocilia and where are they located?
non-motile
large microvilli
located inner ear, male and female genital tract
What is the resolving power of the light microscope?
0.2 um
What are some advantages and disadvantages of the LM?
advantages: relatively inexpensive, rapid diagnosis, allows observation of living specimen
disadvantages: image is 2-dimensional, requires maintenance, resolving power is limited by wavelength of light
advantages and disadvantages of TEM?
advantages: great resolution, very useful for rapid diagnosis
disadvantages: 2-dimensional image, image is black and white, cannot use on living objects, very expensive
What is the term used for any agent, or factor that can cause congenital anomalies in an embryo or fetus?
Teratogen
What does the ectoderm makeup?
skin, lining of oral & nasal cavity & anus. nervous system
What does the mesoderm makeup?
connective tissue, muscle, cardiovascular system…
What does the endoderm makeup?
epithelial structures: lining & glands of digestive and respiratory system
What are the 3 sections of a somite? and where is their location
dermatome=dermis
myotome=muscle
sclerotome=cartilage, tendons, endothelia
What are the 2 main roles of mitochondria?
ATP generation Cell Death (necroses and apoptosis)
Which secretory vesicle requires Ubiquitin for intracellular digestion?
Proteasomes
Which secretory vesicle contains the enzyme catalase?
Peroxisomes
