Exam 1 Flashcards
What specific structure does the ductus deferens open into near the prostate?
Colliculus Seminalis
Which 2 male animals have all 4 accessory sex glands?
Stallion and Bull
What structure marks the difference between an “open” and “closed” castration?
Parietal vaginal tunic
What structure divides the pararectal fossa in half?
Mesorectum
In the female dog the clitoral fossa is found where and contains what?
Ventral commisure of the labia, the clitoris
What are the 3 components of the Broad Ligament?
Mesovarium, Mesosalpinx, Mesometrium
In the stallion where does the “bean” or smegma accumulate?
Urethral Sinus
Which 3 male animals have musculocavernosus type penises?
Stallion, Dog, Tom
Which artery does the uterine a. branch off of in the mare?
External Iliac a.
What ligament connects the tail of the epididymis to the vaginal tunic of the scrotum?
Ligament of the Tail of the Epididymis
What area in the Boar reproductive tract contains the fluid responsible for “boar taint?”
Preputial Diverticulum
What is the name of the artery which supplies the medial aspect of the stifle and the stifle joint?
Descending Genicular a.
Which 3 nerves branch off the lumbosacral trunk?
Cranial Gluteal n., Caudal Gluteal n., Sciatic n.
The Artery of the Penis originates from which artery?
Internal Pudendal a.
Which vein would you use to draw blood on a cat in the pelvic limb?
Medial Saphenous v.
Which nerve innervates the cutaneous zone of the dorsal aspect of the hind paw?
Common Peroneal
The Popliteal a. bifurcates into which two arteries?
Cranial Tibial a., and Caudal Tibial a.
Which nerves are blocked during a “high 6-point block” in large animals?
Medial and Lateral Dorsal Metatarsal n., Medial and Lateral Plantar n., Medial and Lateral Plantar Metatarsal n.
Which nerve is palpable near the calcanean tendon in large animals?
Tibial n.
Which muscle creates a fibrous ring around the penis and assists in engorgement?
Ischiourethralis m.
Which vein is known as the “milk well?”
Subcutaneous Abdominal v./Cranial Superficial Epigastric v.
What is the proper name for the hip joint?
Coxofemoral joint
Which nerve travels with the Femoral a. and v. on the medial aspect of the pelvic limb?
Femoral n.
What arteries can you take pulses from at the level of the digits in the horse?
Medial and Lateral Plantar Digital a.
Which nerve innervates the biceps femoris m., semimembranosus m., and semitendinosus m.?
Sciatic n.
What is the elastic suspensory apparatus of the cow which divides the udders in half and prevents the teats from touching the ground when the udders are full?
Medial Laminae
What arteries supply the mammae in dogs, cats, and sows?
Cranial and Caudal Superficial Epigastric a.
What muscle assists in the emptying of the urinary bladder?
Detrusor m.
What structure is formed by the anastomoses of the Medial & Lateral Plantar Digital a. in the large animals?
Terminal Arch
What do you call the enlarged area of the ductus deferens near the prostate?
Ampulla
All animals have a prostate gland, true or false?
True
What structures can you find within the spermatic cord?
Cremaster m., ductus deferens, Testicular a., v., and n.
Which ligament connects the uterine horns to the vaginal process through the vaginal ring?
Round Ligament of the Uterus
An animal presents with difficulty adducting one of the pelvic limbs while on slick surfaces. Which nerve is most likely damaged?
Obturator n.
What is the network of veins surrounding the arteries near the testes called?
Pampiniform Plexus
What structure is also found in the clitoral fossa of the mare along with the clitoris?
Clitoral Sinuses
Which nerve innervates the cremaster m. and allows for retraction of the testes?
Genitofemoral n.
What two structures for the ovarian bursa which houses the ovary?
Mesovarium and Mesosalpinx
What muscle covers the crura of the penis?
Ischiocavernosus m.
What nerve is responsible for ejaculation?
Hypogastric n.
What is the thick connective tissue that covers the erectile tissue of the penis?
Tunica Albuginea
What is the depression around the urethral process on the glans of the penis in the stallion called?
Fossa Glandis
What erectile tissue surrounds the urethra and extends the length of the penis?
Corpus Spongiosum
What structure of the female dog allows for the “locking” with a male dog?
Vestibular Bulbs
How can you differentiate the labia of a mare and a cow?
The mare has a rounded ventral commissure and a pointed dorsal commissure
What type of prostate do small ruminants have?
Dessiminate Prostate
The External Pudendal a. originates from what artery?
Usually the Pudendoepigastric trunk, but if this is not present it will branch off the Deep Femoral a.
What type of placenta do mares and sows have?
Diffuse
Which arteries supply the mammae in horses and ruminants?
Cranial and Caudal Mammary a.
A cat presents with paralysis of the hind limbs, Femoral pulse, and bluish/white and cold limbs, what is the most likely cause?
Saddle thrombus
What structures of the penis make up the crura?
Corpus Cavernosum and Tunica Albuginea
What muscle travels in the spermatic cord and assists in temperature control of the testes?
Cremaster m.
What artery does the Uterine a. originate in the cow?
Umbilical a.
How many duct systems are in each mammary gland of mares?
2
Which artery supplies blood to the scrotum?
External Pudendal a.
The Cranial Tibial a. changes names to the Dorsal Pedal a. At what level in large animals?
The level of the tarsus
Which two arteries does the Deep Peroneal n. bifurcate into in the large animal?
Medial and Lateral Dorsal Metatarsal a.
Which nerve innervates the middle gluteal m., deep gluteal m., and tensor fascia latae?
Cranial Gluteal n.
What structure must you look out for when performing urinary catheterization on a female cow or pig?
Urethral Diverticulum
What female animal has convex coruncles?
Cow
Which ligament connects the ovary to the uterine horn?
Proper Ligament of the Ovary
What is the term for a male with undescended testes?
Chryptorchid
Which nerve innervates the flexors of the tarsus and extensors of the digits?
Common Peroneal n.
Which artery provides the major blood supply to the digit of horses?
Great Metatarsal a./Dorsal Metatarsal III a.
Which nerve does the Lateral Plantar Digital n. originate from?
Lateral Plantar n.
What area of the Os penis allows for the urethra to pass?
Urethral Groove
What is the structure which projects out in the vestibule and separates the openings of the urethra and vagina?
Urethral Tubercle
Which nerve is responsible for an erection?
Pelvic n.
What smooth muscle lines the scrotum?
Tunica Dartos m.
What is another term for the Umbilical a.?
Round Ligament of the Bladder
What structure of the dog penis allows for “ locking” with a female dog?
Bulbis Glandis/Bulb of the Glans Penis
Which nerve innervates the cutaneous zone of the inguinal region?
Genitofemoral n.
Which artery supplies the quadriceps and the tensor fascia latae and branches off the Femoral a.?
Lateral Circumflex Iliac a.
Which artery is specific to the equine pelvic limb and branches off the Cranial Gluteal a.?
Obturator a.
Name the name changes of the Femoral a. as it travels distally in the large animal.
Femoral a. -> Popliteal a. -> Cranial Tibial a. -> Dorsal Pedal a. -> Great Metatarsal a. -> Medial and Lateral Plantar Digital a.
Which nerve is most likely damaged if the perineal reflex is absent?
Pudendal n.
Which artery supplies blood to the ductus deferens and where does it originate?
Artery of the Ductus Deferens, Prostatic a.
What specific “S” shaped structure is found in fibroelastic type penises?
Sigmoid Flexure
What is the name of the specific location where ovulation occurs in mares?
Ovulation Fossa
The External Pudendal a. branches off of which artery?
Pudendoepigastric trunk/Deep Femoral a.
What is the section of erectile tissue/corpus spongiosum from the bulbus glandis to the tip of the penis called?
I.e.: the area inside the prepuce
Pars Longa Glandis
Which nerve innervates the extensors of the tarsus and flexors of the digits, as well as flexors of the stifle?
Tibial n.
Which regional anesthesia is common for neuters?
Intratesticular Block
What vein is responsible for the main drainage of the distal limb in large animals?
Medial Saphenous v.
What type of placenta do ruminants have?
Cotyledonary
What artery does the Vaginal a. originate from, and which arteries does it give off?
Originates from the Internal Pudendal a., gives off the Uterine a. and Middle Rectal a.
An animal presents unable to bear weight on the right hind limb, which nerve is most likely damaged?
Femoral n.
Which lymph node is palpable at the level of the stifle and drains the distal limb lymphatics?
Popliteal lymph node
Which artery can you take a pulse from at the level of the cannon bone in a horse?
Great Metatarsal a./Dorsal Metatarsal III a.
Which female animal has a pointed dorsal commissure and a rounded ventral commissure?
Mare
Which two arteries does the Internal Iliac a. branch into?
Caudal Gluteal a. and Internal Pudendal a.
What structure of the penis makes up the bulb of the penis?
Corpus Spongiosum
What muscle is the cremaster m. a part of?
Internal Abdominal Oblique m.
What structure divides the testes?
Scrotal Septum
What structure must you look out for when performing AI on cows and mares?
Vaginal Fornix
Which artery is the first branch off the Internal Iliac a.?
Umbilical a.
The Artery of the Ductus Deferens and Middle Rectal a. Originate from where?
Prostatic a.
What structures are found in the mare cervix that distinguish it from other species?
Longitudinal folds
What are the three branches of the Internal Pudendal a. after giving off the Prostatic a./Vaginal a.?
Ventral Perineal a., Urethral a., Artery of the penis/Artery of the Clitoris
Which structures make up the trigone of the urinary bladder?
Left and Right Ureteric Orifices and the Urethral Orifice
Which vein would you draw blood from in the hind limb of a dog?
Cranial Lateral Saphenous v.
What type of placenta do cats and dogs have?
Zonary
What is the order of layers from the scrotum to the testes?
Scrotal skin -> Tunica Dartos -> Spermatic Fascia -> Vaginal Tunic -> Tunica Albuginea -> Mediastinum of Testi
Which structure in females envelops the uterine tube?
Mesosalpinx
What is the fibrous suspensory apparatus of the udders?
Lateral Laminae
What ligament connects the tail of the epididymis to the testi?
Proper Ligament of the Testis
Which two nerves does the Sciatic n. bifurcate into?
Common Peroneal n. and Tibial n.
Which nerve innervates the cutaneous zone of the stifle?
Saphenous n.
Which vein in the large animal is palpable at the level of the metatarsus on the medial side of the pelvic limb?
Dorsal Common Digital v. II
Which lymph node can be found within the Femoral triangle?
Deep Inguinal lymph node
Which nerve branch from the Common Peroneal n. runs with the Great Metatarsal a.?
Lateral Dorsal Metatarsal n.
Which form of anesthesia is injected into the epidural space and blocks both afferent and efferent nerves?
Epidural
Which accessory sex glands does the boar have?
Prostate, Vesicular glands, and Bulbourethral glands
What ligament lies between the uterine horns in cows?
Intercornuate Ligament
What muscle covers the bulb of the penis?
Bulbospongiosus m.
A dog presents with knuckling of the left hind limb, which nerves could be damaged?
Common Peroneal n., Sciatic n.
The Tibial n. bifurcates into which two nerves in the large animal?
Medial and Lateral Plantar n.
Which major nerve innervates the quadriceps femoris m.?
Femoral n.
Which nerve innervates the cutaneous zone of the Plantar aspect of the hind paw?
Tibial n.
What nerve does the Medial Plantar Digital n. originate from?
Medial Plantar n.
Which nerve does the Medial and Lateral Plantar Metatarsal n. originate from in the large animal?
Deep branch from the Lateral Plantar n.
