Exam 1 Flashcards
Nervous System Functions
Sensory-Senses
intergrative- analyze
Motor-responds
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central and Peripheral
Central NS Composed of
Brain and Spinal Cord
Divisions of the Peripheral NS
Sensory (afferent)
Motor (efferent)
Motor
Carries impulses AWAY from the brain
Sensory
Carries impulses TOWARDS the brain
Motor divisions
Autonomic NS
Somatic NS
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Autotonomic NS Controls
HR, BP, Temp, digestion, airflow through resp passage, elimination, pupil dialation
Two respiratory centers in Pons
Apneustic and pneumotaxic center
Neuron
Receives and transmits messages through neural impulses
Synapse
Junction between neurons
Dendrites
Neurons receivers
Cell body
Holds the neuron’s nucleus
Axon
Neurons Conducting Fiber
Axon terminal
Neuron transmitters
Myelin Sheath
Insulating fatty layer that speeds transmission in the neurons
Schwann Cells
Form the myelin sheath
Nodes of Ranvier
Spaces that are not covered by myelin sheath along the axis
Vagus Nerve
Longest cranial nerve
Vagus Nerve Innervate
Lungs, stomach, parasympathetic innervation of the heart
Sympathetic Neurotransmitter; Pre-ganglionic
acetylcholine (ACh)
Sympathetic neurotransmitter; post-ganglionic
Norepinephrine (NE)
Parasympathetic neurotransmitter; pre- and post-ganglionic
acetylcholine (ACh)
Adrenergic Receptors accept
Norepinephrine (NE)
Cholinergic Receptors accept
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Nicotinic Receptor
Cholinergic Receptors on the pre-and post-ganglionic nerve
Muscarinic Receptor
Cholinergic receptors at the effector site of the parasympathetic nervous system
Three adrenergic receptors and effect when stimulated
Alpha- vasoconstriction (⬆️BP)
Beta1-⬆️HR and Force
Beta2-bronchodilation
Stimulating muscarinic receptor
⬇️HR
bronchial smooth musclr constricts
Acetylcholinestrase (enzyme)
Inactivates acetylcholine
COMT or MAO (enzyme)
Inactivates norepinephrine
Major inspiration muscle
Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
Accessory muscles of inspiration and location
Pectoralis- Major/minor (chest)
Sternoclleidomastoid (neck)
Scalenes (neck)
Accessory Muscles of expiration and location
Abdominal (abdomen) Inter intercostal (ribs)
Relation between volume and pressure
when diaphragn expands volume ⬆️ and presure ⬇️_inspiration
expiration volume ⬇️ and pressure ⬆️
