Exam 1

Question 1

Edward Oscar Heinrich Questions

Answer 1

Crime analysis is an orderly procedure.
It is precise.
Who, what , when, where.
Do not ask why.

Question 2

3 Primary Evidence Divisions

Answer 2

Identified by Geberth.
Body Materials.
Objects.
Impression.

Question 3

Deductive Logic

Answer 3

Sherlock Holmes.

Fingerprint A is Joe’s. Fingerprint A is on trigger. Joe touched the murder weapon at some point.

Question 4

Is CSR considered a discipline?

Answer 4

Yes.

Question 5

CSR has has close associations to…

Answer 5

…Archeology.

Question 6

CSR Theory

Answer 6

Cause and Affect.

Nothing just happens.

Question 7

Steno’s Law of Superposition

Answer 7

Strata/artifacts are deposited in time order, from oldest to youngest.

Question 8

Locard’s Exchange Principle

Answer 8

Items in contact will exchange information.

Question 9

Chronology

Answer 9

Time and sequence.

Question 10

Steno’s Law of Lateral Continuity

Answer 10

Disassociated strata that are similar can be considered to be from the same depositional period.

Question 11

History of Crime Scene Reconstruction

Answer 11

Dates back to the 1800s.

Question 12

Rynearson & Chisum’s 5 Classifications

Answer 12

Predictable.
Unpredictable.
Relational.
Functional or Mechanical.
Transient.

Question 13

R&C5: Predictable

Answer 13

Body changes (rigor and livor).
Skeletonization of blood.
Settling soil.

Question 14

R&C5: Unpredictable

Answer 14

A revolver cylinder opened without noting the position of the chamber under the hammer.
An officer accidentally kicking a fired cartridge case.

Question 15

R&C5: Relational

Answer 15

Cartridge cases scattered at a shooting scene.

Bloodstains under a door that is now shut, showing the door was open at the time the blood was deposited.

Question 16

R&C5: Functional or Mechanical

Answer 16

An oven burner left on.
A weapon which is cocked.
An alarm clock set for a certain time and yet to go off.

Question 17

R&C5: Transient

Answer 17

Odors.
Temperatures.
Moisture tracks.
Smoldering cigarette butt.
Ice cubes still un-melted in a glass.

Question 18

Crime Scene Analysis

Answer 18

Employs scientific method to evaluate physical evidence known to the analyst.
Function is to gain explicit knowledge of the series of events that comprise given incident and when possible identify best explanation of sequence of those events.

Question 19

Goal of CSR Analyst

Answer 19

Identify best explanation of series of events.

Question 20

Geberth’s 3 Primary Evidence Divisions

Answer 20

Body materials, objects, impression.

Question 21

When presented with conflicting information, you should…

Answer 21

…audit.

Question 22

What happened here?

Answer 22

Is an example of an investigative question that is not precise or narrow in scope.

Question 23

Interpretive Value of Evidence

Answer 23

The value of an item of evidence is enhanced by time and the item’s relationship to its surroundings.

Question 24

CSR Analyst Knowledge

Answer 24

Must understand limitations present in various forensic disciplines.
This demands that they be a generalist in all forensic disciplines.

Question 25

Conclusion

Answer 25

Best explanation given the data.

Question 26

Testing a Hypothesis

Answer 26

Test each hypothesis with predictions of what you would find if hypothesis is true, but in the end you can only eliminate hypothesis that are false and include whatever is not eliminated as the best explanation of the hypothesis tested.

Question 27

Scientific Murder Investigation

Answer 27

Published by Luke May in 1933.

Question 28

Edward Heinrich

Answer 28

Considered the Wizard of San Francisco

Question 29

Henry T.F. Rhoades

Answer 29

Stated in Clues and Crimes in 1933 that crime scene analysis was a specific scientific process.

Question 30

Dr. Paul Kirk

Answer 30

Most famous for his work on the Dr. Sam Sheperd case.

Question 31

Charles O’Hara

Answer 31

Wrote Fundamentals of Crime Scene Investigation in 1965.

Question 32

Chisum and Rynearson

Answer 32

Wrote Evidence & Crime Scene Reconstruction in 1989.

Question 33

Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction

Answer 33

Organized and formed in 1991.

Question 34

Dr. Henry Lee

Answer 34

Wrote Crime Scene Investigation in 1992.

Question 35

Reconstruction Discipline

Answer 35

Takes the expert’s analyses from all different disciplines and pulls them together to form as complete a picture as possible as to what happened.

Question 36

Reconstruction Analyst

Answer 36

Applies a structured system of analysis to complete the case and produces documentation that can be analyzed by the opposing expert.

Question 37

Event Analysis Sequencing

Answer 37

Is a defined process following very specific steps to define the actions ad order of actions involved in an incident.

Question 38

Archeology

Answer 38

Is an established science.

Question 39

2 Phases or Forms of CSR

Answer 39

One is informal and unstructured.

One is formal and in the end is more reliable.

Question 40

Scientific Method

Answer 40

Creates an creates an ever-expanding, self-correcting body knowledge on an subject. When defining an investigative question for reconstruction, the “what happened here” is not sufficient for analysis.

Question 41

Data defines event segments…

Answer 41

…event segments define events, and events define the incident.

Question 42

CSR Logic

Answer 42

Uses both inductive and deductive logic to identify the best explanation of the ways an incident could have occurred.

Question 43

Reconstruction Report

Answer 43

Is a mental product, conceived in the mind of the analyst, and put on paper.

Question 44

Understanding the Conclusion…

Answer 44

…of the analyst often demands understanding minor nuances in the way the analyst made connections in the information.

Question 45

Analyst Considerations

Answer 45

Consider the inclusion of any absolutes in their reports