Exam 1 Flashcards
General contact lens type that is larger in diameter than the cornea, covering a portion of the sclera, including soft lenses and haptic (covers a present non functioning eye) lenses
Scleral Lenses
General contact lens type whose diameter is equal or less than the diameter of the cornea; Rigid lenses. It is self supported and remains in contact with the eye by fluid attraction or lid.
Corneal Lenses
Guy who made the first contact lens with refractive power.
- first: thin glass bowl worn for 2 hours, no power.
- second: bi curve glass lens 14 mm diameter: helped 6 patients with irregular astigmatism from scarring. Later, were used to avoid enucleating unsighted eyes (from the devil)
ADOLF HICK
Guy who developed the first contact lens for keratoconus instead of cauterizing cone with silver nitrate. Tailored his lenses using a keratometer.
Eugene Kalt
Guy who corrected his own myopia with a lens with a back surface to fit his eye and a front surface to correct the power. Used anesthesia at first until he no longer needed it. First person to realize that tear film has metabolic functions and attempted to correct by adding limbal lift-off
August Muller
Guy who developed the first set of trial lenses with 4 sizes, but they were heavy and had poor optics.
Karl Zeiss
Company that first made lenses from blown glass for individual patients to correct for his individual prescription. Better than Zeiss lenses because they had smooth edges and regular curvature. Some even had ridges for ptosis crutch or funnels for medication instillation.
Muller Company : August Muller
Guy who first emphasized that lens curvature should not be the same as the corneal surface so that tears can flow between lens and cornea. He noticed that only the center of the cornea was spherical, and then flattens toward the periphery. Still limited wearing time because still glass lenses.
Joseph Dallos
Guy who was the first to use plastic in lenses for lighter weight. lenses were hybrid, with corneal portion made of glass and scleral portion made of an opaque resin.
William Feimbloom
Guy who first made scleral lenses from cellulose acetate: the first RGP. Even though he probably didn’t know it was gas-permeable.
J. Teissler
Company that introduced PMMA to the US, a material that dominated the contact lens field for 4 decades.
Rhom and Haas Co.
Duo that developed techniques for producing scleral PMMA lenses, thinner than glass, but still trapped tears. They attempted to fix the tear problem with fenestrations and fitting changes, but to no avail.
John Mullen and Theodore Obrig
Guy who first made corneal lenses for a large number of patients, made by accident by a tech cutting a lens in the wrong place. It eliminated halos from scleral lenses caused by corneal edema. Mono curve lens was fitted 1.50 D flatter to avoid edema, but caused central corneal abrasion, and edge so far off the eye that lids would blink it out and let lid interact causing discomfort.
Kevin Tuohy
Guy who modified Touhy’s lens by adding various peripheral curves to the posterior surface of the lens and letting the central curve match the patient’s central cornea. This was the first introduction into the term of “fitting on K’s” .
George Butterfield
Guy who used HEMA for lenses due to safety with ocular tissue, proposed spin casting: formed lenses on the bottom of a test tube. Lenses had poor VA due to yellowish color and thickness of lenses.
Otto Wichterle
