Exam 1 Flashcards
____ try to determine the ways in which we use language to communicate
Linguists
___ is a verbal means of communicating that requires precise neuromuscular coordination
Speech
Can music reach the level of complexity found in speech?
no
When do infants experiment with sound?
Infants spend their first year experimenting with their vocal mechanisms and producing a variety of sounds.
The relationship between individual sounds, meaningful sound units, and the combination of these units is specified by __ ___ __ ____
The rules of a language
A socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule governed combinations of those symbols.
The definition of language
Subcategories of the parent language that use similar but not identical rules
Dialects
What happens to languages that don’t evolve, grow and change?
They become obsolete.
What happens when we lose language?
When we lose language we lose an essential part of the human fabric with it’s own unique perspective.
A complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication.
ASHA’s definition of language 1/5
____ evolves within specific historical, social and cultural contexts.
Language
___, as rule governed behavior, is described by at least 5 parameters.
Language
What are the 5 parameters that language is described by?
Phonologic, morphologic, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic.
How is language learning and use determined?
Language learning and use are determined by the intervention of biological, cognitive, psychosocial and enviornmental factors.
What is required for effective use of language for communication?
Effective use of language for communication requires a broad understanding of human interaction including associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and sociocultural roles.
Why does language exist?
Languages exist because users have agreed on the symbols to be used and the rules to be followed.
Why are language rules needed?
Language rules specify a system of relationships among the parts, The rules for these relationships give language order. And they allow language to be creative.
The exchange of information and ideas, needs and desires, between two or more individuals.
Is communication
Communicative competence
The degree to which a speaker is successful in communicating, measured by the appropriateness and effectiveness of the message.
____ ____ is a complex, systematic, collabrative, context-bound tool for social action.
Human communication
Paralinguistic codes
Include suprasegmental devices such as intonation, stress/emphasis,speed/ rate of delivery, and pause/hesitation. They are superimposed (ontop of speech signal to signify attitude or emotion.
Paralinguistic mechanisms can change the form and meaning of a sentence by acting across elements or segments of a sentence.
Paralingusistic mechanisms are called suprasegmental devices.
What are nonlinguistic cues?
Gestures, body posture, facial expression, eye contact, head and body movement, and physical distance or proxemics convey information without the use of language.
What are metlinguistics?
Metalinguistic skills are the ability to talk about language, analyze it, think about it, judge it and see it as an entity separate from it’s content.