Exam 1

Question 1

What is anthropology?

Answer 1

Study of origins, development, and contemporary variations of all humans at all times.

Question 2

Religious Anthropology

Answer 2

Studying diversity of human religions. Shared human behavior

Question 3

Archaeology

Answer 3

Material Culture, learn by studying their belongings

Question 4

Paleoanthropology

Answer 4

Origins of the use of symbols
Origins of ritual activity
Ancient human ancestors

Question 5

Linguistic Anthropology

Answer 5

Study of human language (speech)
Language in ritual is performative
Magical/Transformative purpose i.e. Weddings

Question 6

Cultural Anthropology

Answer 6

System of knowledge and beliefs, behavior and institutions that a group of people create learn and share.

Question 7

Culture

Answer 7

Taught directly and indirectly.

Learning implies culture can change.

Question 8

Enculturation

Answer 8

Culture is learned, not genetic.

Learn characteristics and norms of a culture by a person/other culture.

Question 9

Ethnocentrism

Answer 9

Bias upon viewing foreign cultures

Question 10

Cultural Relativism

Answer 10

Each culture must be understood in terms of its own beliefs, no culture is better than another.

Question 11

Participant Observation

Answer 11

Allows you to take part and understand what you are studying. Participate and observe. Cornerstone of Anthropology.

Question 12

Stages of Fieldwork

Answer 12

Gaining Entreé 
Culture shock 
Build Rapport 
Understand the culture 
Leaving the field 
Analysis and interpretation

Question 13

Religion

Answer 13

A set of beliefs and practices pertaining to supernatural beings or forces.

Question 14

Magic

Answer 14

Ritual practice believed to compel the supernatural to act a desired way (healing/harm)

Question 15

Magic (imitative)

Answer 15

Doubling, things that are alike are the same properties may be transferred to the other i.e. Photographs

Question 16

Magic (contagious)

Answer 16

Things we were in contact with continue to be connected after the connection is severed i.e. Voodoo/mandrake

Question 17

Witchcraft

Answer 17

Ability of a person to cause harm by means of personal power that resides within the body of the witch.

Used to stigmatize groups of people

Question 18

Symbols

Answer 18

Object/word which a shared meaning is given (serpents/evil)

Question 19

Ideological Symbols

Answer 19

Organize norms and values. Ex cross want you to believe in god

Question 20

Sensory symbols

Answer 20

Organize emotion and desires ex how it makes you feel

Question 21

Signs

Answer 21

Also meanings things but the field of feeling is much narrower than symbols ex fever is a sign of illness