Exam 1 Flashcards
Cast off patterns
can help the analyst determine which hand the blows were struck in a beating scene
The analyst can identify the ______ number of blows struck by counting the cast off trails
minimum
The size of bloodstains and the width of the blood trail can:
include or exclude a weapon as possibly making a cast off trail
An individual blood drop in free fall is in a _____ shape during most of the fall
sphere
Two of the factors that you must consider in determining a bloodstain’s flight path are:
velocity and gravity
Back spatter, in a normal environment, will travel approximately ____ at maximum in a horizontal plane
four feet
Distorted stains eliminate the ability to decipher anything of value other than the _____.
direction of travel
____ blood spatter isn’t always associated with just a gunshot occurrence.
misting
Two examples of low energy bloodstains would be _____ ____ and ____ ____ ____.
blood drips; passive blood flows.
_____ energy impact spatter is usually associated with a beating type crime.
medium
There is an _____ in size between low, medium, and high energy blood spatter.
overlap
Bloodstain pattern analysis is accepted in courts of law because:
it is uniform in character
High energy blood spatter is the result of an energy or force greater than ____ feet per second.
100
The pointed or tapered end of a parent bloodstain will:
point in the direction it was heading.
_____ _____ is a large pattern created when blood escapes an artery under pressure.
arterial gushing
_____ stain is the droplet from which satellite spatter originates.
parent
Expiratory blood is spattered to a target through the mechanical process of _____.
breathing
Cast off blood is:
blood which has been thrown from a secondary object.
A ____ is created when an object passes through existing blood.
wipe
Transfer pattern is a pattern created when:
a wet bloody object comes in contact with another surface.
____ ____ is a small pattern created when blood escapes an artery under pressure.
arterial spurts
Satellite spatter is:
small drops of blood which break off from the parent spatter/stain.
Splash pattern is created when:
a volume of blood strikes a surface at low energy
Back spatter are bloodstains which are projected:
towards the item creating the force or energy
Shadowing/ghosting/void pattern are effects:
that help place an object or body in a crime
Clot is:
a mass of blood and other contaminants
Forward spatter are bloodstains projected:
in the same direction as the force
Spatter are:
bloodstains created by the application of some force or energy
Spines are:
pointed edges of a stain which radiate out from the spatter/stain
Origin/point of origin is:
a point in space where the blood spatter originated
Swipe is a pattern created when:
a bloody object comes into contact with another surface, normally considered a lateral movement
Ricochet stains are bloodstains that have impacted:
with some other object, and then fallen to the final target
Atomized/misting blood is blood which has been:
reduced to a fine spray
Angle of impact is:
the angle at which a blood droplet strikes a target surface
Capillary action is an action caused when:
blood between two items are in the process of being separated
Target is:
the location where the blood lands
Drip patterns is a characteristic pattern created when:
blood drips into standing blood
Projected blood is:
blood striking a target under pressure
Impact site is:
the area of the body that is being struck
The written history of bloodstain pattern analysis dates back to the:
1800s
In order to make some determination as to what happened to produce static bloodstains the analyst will study:
dispersion pattern, shape, size, number
The first people to truly examine bloodstains with a view toward physical stain differences were:
the French
Who published the Interpretation of Bloodstain Evidence at Crime Scenes?
William Eckert and Stuart James
Who published Experiments and Practical Exercises in Bloodstain Pattern Analysis?
Terry Laber and Barton Epstein
____ ____ talked about the stringing method.
Victor Balthazard
___ ___ worked on the Sam Sheppard case.
Paul Kirk
____ ____ was thought by many to be the modern day “father of bloodstain pattern analysis”.
Herbert MacDonnel
If there are four back swing cast-off and two forward swing cast-off how many blows would this be consistent with?
minimum of 5
Which factors directly effect misting blood spatter’s horizontal flight path?
gravity, energy, air resistance
blood in flight is in the shape of a:
sphere
