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Opthalmology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

aniso-

A

unequal

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2
Q

blepharo-

A

eyelid

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3
Q

cor-

A

pupil

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4
Q

cyclo-

A

ciliary body

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5
Q

dacryo-

A

tear lacrimation

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6
Q

hyal-

A

vitreous

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7
Q

hyp-

A

anterior chamber or under

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8
Q

irido-

A

iris

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9
Q

kerato-

A

cornea

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10
Q

ophthalmo-

A

globe or eye

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11
Q

papilla-

A

optic disc

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12
Q

phaco-

A

lens

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13
Q

phako-

A

lens

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14
Q

tarso-

A

eyelid

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15
Q

ablation

A

removal or destruction of part of the body

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16
Q

accomodation

A

adjustments of the eye for seeing at different distances, usually accomplished by changes in the shape of the lens through action of the ciliary muscle, which results in focusing a clear image on the retina

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17
Q

acuity

A

visual ability to distinguish shapes

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18
Q

adnexa

A

accessory structures of the eye (eyelids, conjunctiva, extra-ocular muscles, glands of the orbit, and nasolacrimal system)

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19
Q

albinism

A

a congenital absence of pigment. This may be appreciated in the iris (which appears pink) and the fundus (in which the choroid is easily seen)

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20
Q

anisocoria

A

unequal or asymmetric pupils

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21
Q

ankyloblepharon

A

adhesion between the eyelid margins; physiologic in kittens and puppies for the first 10-14 days of life

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22
Q

anopthalmia

A

complete absence of the eye

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23
Q

anterior chamber (AC)

A

space within the eye bounded anteriorly by the cornea and posteriorly by the iris; filled w/ aqueous humor

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24
Q

anterior segment

A

collective term for those parts of the eye anterior to the vitreous; consisting of the lens, ciliary body, iris, anterior chamber, cornea, and anterior sclera

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25
Q

aphakia

A

absence of a lens

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26
Q

aphakic crescent

A

a visible crescent between the iris and lens equator due to subluxation of the lens

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27
Q

aqueous humor

A

clear watery fluid produced by the ciliary body that occupies the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye; egresses through the iridocorneal angle

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28
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelids

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29
Q

blepharospasm

A

spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle resulting in eyelid closure; squinting

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30
Q

buphthalmos

A

enlargement of the eye, due to glaucoma

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31
Q

caruncle

A

a small piece of normal skin at the medial canthus from which hairs often protrude

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32
Q

chalazion

A

lipogranuloma of a meibomian gland due to impaction of secretions

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33
Q

chemosis

A

conjunctival edema

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34
Q

Cherry Eye

A

lay term for prolapsed gland of the third-eyelid

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35
Q

choroid

A

posterior portion of the uvea located between the retina and sclera; furnishes nourishment ot the retina and vitreous body

36
Q

ciliary body

A

portion of the uveal tract between the retina and choroid, consisting of ciliary muscles and ciliary processes that produce aqueous humor

37
Q

corpora nigrum

A

irregular cystic dilations on the pupillary margin of the iris in large herbivores; most notable dorsally, but also typically present ventrally

38
Q

cortical blindness

A

blindness caused by a lesion in the occipital cortex

39
Q

cyclitis

A

inflammation of ciliary body

40
Q

Dazzle reflex

A

subcortical reflex in which a rapid eye blink is elicited by a right light shone into an eye

41
Q

Dermoid

A

a congenital growth consisting of skin and its dermal appendages. Usually located near or connected to lateral canthus involving cornea, sclera, and conjunctiva

42
Q

Descemetocele

A

a deep corneal ulcer characterized by exposure and possible protrusion of Descemet’s membrane

43
Q

Descemet’s Membrane

A

the basement membrane of the corneal endothelium

44
Q

distichiasis

A

condition in which a single cilium emerges from one or more meibomian gland

45
Q

districhiasis

A

condition in which multiple cilia emerge from one meibomian gland orofice

46
Q

Dyscoria

A

abnormally shaped pupil

47
Q

Ectasia

A

dilatation; distention; usually pertaining to cornea or sclera and resulting from acquired weakness or congenital malformation

48
Q

Ectopic cilia

A

cilia protruding through palpebral conjunctiva, often causing corneal ulceration and/or pain

49
Q

Ectropion

A

an eversion or turning out of the eyelid

50
Q

endophthalmitis

A

inflammation of the intraocular contents, excluding the fibrous tunic

51
Q

enophthalmos

A

caudal recession of the eye into the orbit

52
Q

entropion

A

an inversion or turning inward of the eyelid

53
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the globe

54
Q

epilation

A

removal of hair, especially cilia

55
Q

epiphora

A

overflow of tears onto the face due to impaired drainage, excessive production, or both

56
Q

evisceration

A

removal of the intraocular contents, with retentino of the fibrous tunic (cornea and sclera) and placement of a prosthesis within the corneoscleral shell

57
Q

exenteration

A

removal of all of the orbital tissues, including the eye and its nervous vascular, and muscular connections

58
Q

exopthalmos

A

protrusion of the eyeball from its normal position in the orbit

59
Q

filtration angle

A

the pathway of egress of aqueous humor from the eye; iridocorneal angle

60
Q

fluorescein

A

a water-soluble fluorescing dye which binds to glycosaminoglycans, notably within the corneal stroma. Used to detect corneal or conjunctival ulcers, patency of the nasolacrimal apparatus, and aqueous humor leakage

61
Q

fovea

A

a small, thinned area of retina with increased numbers of photoreceptors providing the clearest vision; present in many primates, reptiles, and birds

62
Q

fundus

A

the posterior layers of the eye, including the optic disc, retina, choroid, and sclera; visual through the pupil with an opthalmoscope.

63
Q

glaucoma

A

abnormal increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) above that which is compatible with normal function ofthe eye due to impaired aqueous humor outflow. Closed (narrow) angle - mechanical obstruction of the iridocorneal angle. Open angle - gonioscopically normal iridocorneal angle

64
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

A usually unilateral, sympathetic denervation resulting in enopthalmos, protrusion of the third eyelid, ptosis, and/or miosis in most species. Ipsilateral sweating occurs in horses.

65
Q

Hyphema

A

hemorrhage in the anterior chamber

66
Q

Hypopyon

A

suppurative exudate in the anterior chamber

67
Q

Hypotony

A

low intraocular pressure

68
Q

“Injection”

A

congestion of blood vessels, usually conjunctival vessels

69
Q

Iridocorneal Angle

A

the angle between the cornea and base of the iris; drainage angle

70
Q

Iris

A

the disc-like, centrally perforated (forming the pupil), colored portion of the anterior uvea within the anterior segment of the eye

71
Q

iris bombe

A

a condition in which the iris is bowed forward by the collection of aqueous in the posterior chamber due to complete circumferential posterior synechia

72
Q

keratectomy

A

excision of part of the cornea

73
Q

keratitis

A

corneal inflammation

- often classified as ulcerative or non-ulcerative

74
Q

Keratocunjunctivitis sicca

A

inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva secondary to dryness caused by impaired lacrimal gland function and decreased tear flow

75
Q

Keratoplasy

A

corneal grafting, either partial thickness (lamellar) or full thickness (penetrating)

76
Q

Keratotomy

A

incision or puncture into the cornea

77
Q

limbus

A

junction of the cornea, sclera, and bulbar conjunctiva

78
Q

meibomian (tarsal) glands

A

modified sebaceous glands in the eyelids w/ openings on the eyelid margin; produce the outer oily layer of tear film

79
Q

menace response

A

eyelid closure in response to a visually threatening movement

80
Q

microphthalmos

A

an abnormally small globe

81
Q

miosis

A

constriction of the pupil

82
Q

miotice

A

a medication casuing the pupil to constrict

83
Q

mydriasis

A

dilation of the pupil

84
Q

mydriatic

A

a medication causing the pupil to dilate

85
Q

neovascularization

A

formation of new blood vessels where there were previously none (as in cornea or on surface of iris)

Opthalmology (1 decks)

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