Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Testing & Measurements > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Vocational Tests

A

Tests that help predict how successful a person would be at an occupation before training or entering the occupation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Tests of Maximal Performance

A

Tests that require test takers to perform a particular task on which their performance is measured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Behavior Observation Tests

A

Tests that involve observing people’s behavior to learn how they typically respond in a particular contest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Self-report Tests

A

Tests that rely on test takers’ reports or descriptions of their feelings, beliefs, the researcher’s expectations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Standardized Tests

A

Tests that have been administered to a large group of individuals who are similar to the group for whom the test has been designed so as to develop norms; also implies a standardized procedure for administration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Standardization Sample

A

People who are tested to obtain data to establish a frame of reference for interpreting individual test scores.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nonstandardized Tests

A

Tests that do not have standardization samples; more common than standardized tests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Objective Tests

A

Tests that are structured and require tests takers to respond to structured true/false questions, multiple-choice questions, or rating scales.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Projective Tests

A

Tests that are unstructured and require test takers to respond to ambiguous stimuli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Achievement Tests

A

Tests that are designed to measure a persons previous learning in a specific academic area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aptitude Tests

A

Tests that are deigned to assess the test taker’s potential for learning or the individual’s ability to perform in an area in which he or she has not been specifically trained.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intelligence Tests

A

Tests that assess the test taker’s ability to cope with the environment but at a broader level than do aptitude tests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Interest Inventories

A

Tests that are designed to assess a person’s interests in educational programs for job settings and thereby to provide information for making career decisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Personality Tests

A

Tests that are designed to measure human character or disposition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Measurement

A

Broadly defined, the assignment of numbers according to rules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Psychological Tests

A

Instruments that require test taker to perform some behavior; the behavior performed is used to measure some personal attribute, trait, or characteristic that is thought to be important in describing or understanding behavior such as intelligence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Behavior

A

An observable and measurable action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Surveys

A

Instruments used for gathering information from a sample of the individuals of interest.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Absolute Decisions

A

Decisions that are made by seeing who has who has the minimum score needed to qualify.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Comparative Decisions

A

Decisions that are made by comparing test scores or ratings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Individual Decisions

A

Decisions that are made by the person who takes the test using the test results.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Integrity Test

A

Tests that measure individual attitudes and experiences toward honesty, dependability, trustworthiness, reliability, and prosocial behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Institutional Decisions

A

Decisions that are made by an institution based on the results from a particular test or tests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Nature-versus-nurture Controversy

A

A debate that focuses on weather intelligence is determined by heredity or develops after birth based on environmental factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Within-group Norming

A

The practice of administering the same test to every test taker but scoring the test differently according to the race of the test taker.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Anonymity

A

The practice of administering tests or obtaining information without obtaining the identity of the participant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Certification

A

A professional credential based on the holder meeting specific training objectives and passing a certification exam.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Cognitive Impairments

A

Mental disorders that include mental retardation, learning disabilities, and traumatic brain injuries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Confidentiality

A

The assurance that all personal information will be kept private and not disclosed without explicit permission.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Ethical Dilemmas

A

Problems for which there are no clear or agreed-on moral solutions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Ethical Standards

A

A set of professional practice guidelines or codes that are voted on and adopted by members of professional societies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ethics

A

Issues or practices that influence that decision-making process in terms of “doing the right thing.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Informed Consent

A

Individuals’ right of self-determnation; means that individuals are entitled to full explanations of why they are being tested, how the test data will be used, and what the test results mean.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Learning Disability

A

A hidden handicap that hinders learning and does not have visible signs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Motor Impairments

A

Disabilities that hinder physical movement, such as paralysis and missing limbs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Multicultural Backgrounds

A

Experiences of those who belong to various minority groups based on race, cultural or ethnic origin, sexual orientation, family unit, primary language, and so on.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Sensory Impairments

A

Disabilities that hinder the function of the five senses, such as deafness and blindness.

38
Q

Test Security

A

Steps taken to ensure that the content of a psychological test does not become public knowledge.

39
Q

Test Taker

A

The person who responds to test questions or whose behavior is measured.

40
Q

Test User

A

A person who participates in purchasing, administering, interpreting, or using the results of a psychological test.

41
Q

User Qualifications

A

Standards that the test purchaser or test user must meet to purchase the test and use the test results, such as certification or experience.

42
Q

Adaptive Testing

A

Using tests developed from a large test bank in which the test questions are chosen to match the skill and ability level of the test taker.

43
Q

Computerized Adaptive Rating Scales (CARS)

A

Testing in which the computer software, as in computer adaptive testing, selects behavioral statements for rating based on the rater’s previous responses.

44
Q

Computerized adaptive testing (CAT).

A

Testing in which the computer software chooses and presents the test taker with harder or easier questions as the test progresses, depending on how well the test taker answered previous questions.

45
Q

E-learning

A

Any learning that occurs on a computer-providing individuals the opportunity to learn at any location and at any time.

46
Q

Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)

A

Programs provided as an individual in a category is based solely on the quantitative relationships between the predictor and the criterion.

47
Q

Enterprise Services

A

Online standardized tests offered by companies for large numbers of test takers at multiple sites.

48
Q

Hosted Services

A

Server space, web design, and maintenance provided by companies for the purpose of instruction and assessment.

49
Q

Nonhosted Services

A

Instructional and assessment services that run on local area networks or private websites.

50
Q

Proctor

A

A person who supervises a testing location; similar to a test administrator.

51
Q

Survey Research Firms

A

Companies that specialize in thee construction and administration of surveys and analysis of survey data for purposes such as marketing, political opinion assessment, and employee organization.

52
Q

Test Bank

A

A large number of multple-choice, true/false, and short-answer questions that assess knowledge of a subject or group of subjects.

53
Q

Virtual Time

A

The time that a computer records elapsing during a test, which might not be equal to the actual time passed during test administration.

54
Q

Age Norms

A

Norms that allow test users to compare an individual’s test score with scores of people n the same age group.

55
Q

Area Transformations

A

A method for changing scores for interpretation purposes that changes the unit of measurement and the unit of reference, such as percentile ranks.

56
Q

Categorical Data

A

Data grouped according to a common property. .

57
Q

Class Intervals

A

A way of grouping adjacent scores to display them in a table or graph.

58
Q

Correlation Coefficient

A

A statistic that provide an index of thee strength and relationship between two sets of scores; a statistic that describes the relationship between two distributions of scores.

59
Q

Descriptive Statistics

A

Numbers calculated from a distribution that describe or summarize the properties of the distribution of test cores, such as the mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.

60
Q

Equal Interval Scales

A

Level of measurement in which numbers are assigned with the assumption that each number represents a point that is an equal distance from the points adjacent to it.

61
Q

Frequency Distribution

A

An orderly arrangement of a group of numbers (or test scores) showing the number of times each score occurred in a distribution.

62
Q

Grade Norms

A

Norms that allow test users to compare a student’s test score with scores of other students in the same grade.

63
Q

Histogram

A

A bar graph used to represent frequency data in statistics.

64
Q

Levels of Measurement

A

The properties of the numbers used in a test- nominal, ordinal, equal interval, or ratio.

65
Q

Linear Transformations

A

A method for changing raw scores for interpretation purposes that does not change the characteristics of the raw data in any way, such as z scores and T scores.

66
Q

Mean

A

The arithmetic average of a group of test scores in a distribution.

67
Q

Measures of Central Tendency

A

The mean (arithmetic average), median, and mode that provide information about the middle of a set of test scores.

68
Q

Measures of Relationship

A

Statistics that describe the relationship between two sets of scores, such as correlation coefficient.

69
Q

Measures of Variability

A

Numbers that represent the spread of thee scores in the distribution, such as range, variance, and standard deviation.

70
Q

Median

A

The middle score in a distribution.

71
Q

Mode

A

The most frequently occurring score in a distribution.

72
Q

Nominal Scale

A

The most basic level of measurement, in which numbers are assigned to groups or categories of information.

73
Q

Norm-based Interpretation

A

The process of comparing an individual’s core with the scores of another group of people who took the same test.

74
Q

Norm Group

A

A previously tested group of individuals whose scores are used for comparison purposes.

75
Q

Normal Curve

A

A symmetrical distribution of scores that, when graphed, is bell-shaped.

76
Q

Normal Probability Distribution

A

A theoretical distribution that exits in our imagination as a perfect and symmetrical distribution; also referred to as the normal curve.

77
Q

Ordinal Scales

A

The second level of measurement, in which numbers are assigned to order or rank individuals or objects from greatest to least (or vice versa) or the attribute being measured.

78
Q

Outliers

A

Scores that are exceptionally higher or lower than other scores in a distribution.

79
Q

Pearson Product-moment Correlation Coefficient

A

Represented by r, a correlation coefficient that measures the linear association between two variables, or sets of test scores, that have been measured on interval or ratio scales,

80
Q

Percentages

A

A linear transformation of raw scores obtained by dividing the number of correctly answered items by the total number of items.

81
Q

Percentile Rank

A

An area transformation that indicates the percentages of people who scored above and below the transformed score.

82
Q

Range

A

A measure of variability calculated by subtracting the lowest number in a distribution from the highest number in the distribution.

83
Q

Ratio Scale

A

The level of measurement in which numbmers are assigned to points with the assumption that each point is equal distance from the numbers adjacent to it and there is a point that represents an absolute absence of the property being measured, called zero (0).

84
Q

Raw Score

A

The basic score calculated when an individual completes a psychological test.

85
Q

Standard Deviation

A

A measure of variability that represents the degree to which scores vary from the mean.

86
Q

Standard Scores

A

Universally understood units in testing, such as z scores and T scores, that allow the test user to evaluate a person’s performance in comparison with other persons who took the same test or a similar test.

87
Q

Stanine

A

A standard score scale with nine points that allows us to describe a distribution in words instead of numbers (from 1= very poor, to 9= very superior).

88
Q

T Scores

A

Standard scores, which have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, that are used to compare test scores from two tests that have different characteristics.

89
Q

Variance

A

A measure of variability that indicates whether individual scores in a distribution tend to be similar to or substantially different from the mean of the distribution.

90
Q

Z Scores

A

Standard scores, which have a mean of zero (0) and a standard deviation of 1, that are used to compare test scores from two tests that have different characteristics.

Testing & Measurements (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions