Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Prevention that strives to prevent a disease

A

Primary prevention

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2
Q

Comprehensive, problem-based/focused, episodic/follow-up, shift, and screening

A

Types of health assessments

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3
Q

Identifies a disease before it becomes symptomatic to halt the progression of the pathologic process

A

Secondary prevention

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4
Q

The reason for seeking healthcare is known as:

A

Chief complaint

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5
Q

Should include past and present illnesses, surgeries, hospitalizations, accidents, immunizations, screening examinations, and obstetric history

A

Patient health history

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6
Q

The single most important method of reducing infection

A

Hand hygiene

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7
Q

The four basic techniques used when performing a physical assessment

A

Inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation

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8
Q

The baseline indicators of the health status of the patient

A

Vital signs, pain assessment, and height and weight

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9
Q

“The fifth vital sign”

A

Pain

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10
Q

Which system is comprised of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands

A

Integumentary system

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11
Q

The most commonly reported skin condition

A

Pruritus(itching)

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12
Q

The primary purpose of the respiratory system

A

Ventilation and diffusion

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13
Q

When gases are moved in and out of the lungs by breathing in and out

A

Ventilation

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14
Q

Occurs when oxygen and carbon dioxide are moved into the tissues

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

The primary muscles of inspiration

A

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles

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16
Q

Environmental factors that can affect breathing

A

Sir pollution, allergens in the home, filtering systems in the home, hobbies, and exposure to secondhand smoke

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17
Q

Shortness of breath

A

Dyspnea

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18
Q

Occurs when the ventricles are contracted, creating pressure that closes the atrioventricular valve and prevents a backflow of blood into the atria.

A

Systole

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19
Q

The period of relaxation where the ventricles are filled with blood from the atria.

20
Q

Known as the cardiac pacemaker

A

Sinoatrial node

21
Q

When the fibrocartilage surrounding an intervertebral disk ruptures, the nucleus pulposus is displaced and compresses adjacent spinal nerves

A

Herniated nucleus pulposus

22
Q

An S-shaped deformity of the vertebrae

23
Q

A bone mineral density (BMD) more than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean for young healthy adult women

A

Osteoporosis

24
Q

A chronic, autoimmune inflammatory disease of the connective tissue.

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

25
Most common musculoskeletal symptom for which patients seek treatment
Joint pain
26
Sacs containing synovial fluid that provides lubricant for the shoulder and knee joints
Bursae sacs
27
Flexible connective tissues that adhere bones to bones
Ligaments
28
Nonelastic cords that are located at the end of muscles and attach muscles to bones
Tendons
29
The point where two or more bones come together
Joints
30
A localized dilation of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall
Aneurysm
31
When a thrombus (clot) develops within a vein
Venous thrombosis
32
Chest pain that is caused by ischemia of the myocardium
Angina pectoris
33
An infection of the endothelial layer of the heart, including the cardiac valves
Endocarditis
34
Inflammation of the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium and outer myocardium
Pericarditis
35
The three layers of the heart
1. Pericardium 2. Myocardium 3. Endocardium
36
An inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchial tree caused by viruses or bacteria
Acute bronchitis
37
An inflammation of the terminal bronchioles and alveoli
Pneumonia
38
An accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural space between the visceral and parietal pleurae
Pleural affusion
39
Lung disease that is transmitted by airborne droplet
Tuberculosis
40
Shortness of breath
Dyspnea
41
Prevention that minimizes the severity and disability from disease through appropriate therapy for chronic disease
Tertiary
42
The outermost layer of skin that provides no blood supply
Epidermis
43
The layer of skin which is highly vascular and regulates body temperature.
Dermis
44
The subcutaneous layer of skin that it composed of fat
Hypodermis
45
(1) initial assessment and regular reassessment of pain, taking into account personal, cultural, spiritual, and ethnic beliefs (2) education of all relevant health care personnel in pain assessment and management (3) education of patients and families regarding their roles in managing pain and the potential limitations and adverse effects of pain treatments.
The Joint Commission Standards of pain assessment
46
Occurs after a bite from an infected tick
Lyme disease
47
A skin condition associated with a mite and is highly contagious
Scabies