Exam 1

Question 1

Calcaneal

Answer 1

heel

Question 2

occipital

Answer 2

base of skull

Question 3

scapular

Answer 3

shoulder blade

Question 4

vertebral

Answer 4

spinal column

Question 5

olecranon

Answer 5

back of elbow

Question 6

gluteal

Answer 6

buttock

Question 7

popliteal

Answer 7

hollow behind knee

Question 8

crural

Answer 8

calf

Question 9

plantar

Answer 9

sole of foot

Question 10

frontal

Answer 10

forehead

Question 11

orbital

Answer 11

eye

Question 12

otic

Answer 12

ear

Question 13

buccal

Answer 13

cheek

Question 14

nasal

Answer 14

nose

Question 15

oral

Answer 15

mouth

Question 16

mental

Answer 16

chin

Question 17

sternal

Answer 17

breastbone

Question 18

mammary

Answer 18

breast

Question 19

umbilical

Answer 19

navel

Question 20

coxal

Answer 20

hip

Question 21

inguinal

Answer 21

groin

Question 22

manual

Answer 22

hand

Question 23

pubis

Answer 23

pubic

Question 24

dorsum

Answer 24

top of foot

Question 25

cranial

Answer 25

skull

Question 26

facial

Answer 26

face

Question 27

cervical

Answer 27

neck

Question 28

acromial

Answer 28

point of shoulder

Question 29

axillary

Answer 29

armpit

Question 30

brachial

Answer 30

arm

Question 31

antecubitis

Answer 31

elbow

Question 32

antebrachium

Answer 32

forearm

Question 33

carpal

Answer 33

wrist

Question 34

palmar

Answer 34

palm

Question 35

femoral

Answer 35

thigh

Question 36

patellar

Answer 36

knee

Question 37

tarsal

Answer 37

ankle

Question 38

sacral

Answer 38

between hips

Question 39

coccygeal

Answer 39

tailbone

Question 40

toward the head end

Answer 40

superior (cranial)

Question 41

away from head, toward the lower part of the body

Answer 41

inferior (caudal)

Question 42

toward the front or belly side

Answer 42

anterior (ventral)

Question 43

toward the back

Answer 43

posterior (dorsal)

Question 44

toward the midline

Answer 44

medial

Question 45

away from the midline

Answer 45

lateral

Question 46

toward the surface of the body

Answer 46

superficial (external)

Question 47

away from the surface of the body

Answer 47

deep (internal)

Question 48

toward a structure’s origin or point of attachment to trunk

Answer 48

proximal

Question 49

away from a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk

Answer 49

distal

Question 50

in the thoracic cavity, encases the lungs

Answer 50

pleura

Question 51

in the thoracic cavity, encases the heart

Answer 51

pericardium

Question 52

in the abdominopelvic cavity, encases the abdominal and pelvic organs

Answer 52

peritoneum

Question 53

*found in the lining of the heart and allows for easy movement of molecules across the membrane via osmosis and diffusion

Answer 53

simple squamous epithelium

Question 54

*capable of secretion and absorption and found in kidney tubules

Answer 54

simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 55

*capable of absorption and secretion and found lining most of the digestive tract

Answer 55

simple columnar epithelium

Question 56

protects underlying tissues and it is found in the lining of the mouth

Answer 56

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 57

*contains goblet cells that secrete mucus and found lining the trachea

Answer 57

pseudostratified epithelium

Question 58

most abundant skin cell, produces keratin, and found in all epidermal layers

Answer 58

keratinocyte

Question 59

• protect against bacteria

* found in stratum spinosum and migrate from bone marrow

Answer 59

langerhans cells

Question 60

• found in stratum basale

* touch receptor

Answer 60

merkel cell

Question 61

*found in stratum basale
*produce melanin
*

Answer 61

melanocyte

Question 62

• most superficial layer
• 25-30 rows
• dead, flat keratinocytes

Answer 62

stratum corneum

Question 63

• found only in thick skin of palm and sole

* 3-5 layers of flattened, clear, dead keratinocytes

Answer 63

stratum lucidum

Question 64

• cells are dying

* becoming filled with keratin

Answer 64

stratum granulosum

Question 65

• 8-10 layers of many-sided keratinocytes

* have characteristic “spiny” shape

Answer 65

stratum spinosum

Question 66

• deepest layer
• contacts dermis
• single layer of actively dividing cells

Answer 66

stratum basale

Question 67

• contacts stratum basale

* composed of loose connective tissue

Answer 67

papillary layer

Question 68

• bulk of dermis
• composed of dense irregular connective tissue
• contacts hypodermis

Answer 68

reticular layer

Question 69

palm or sole

Answer 69

thick skin

Question 70

scalp

Answer 70

thin skin

Question 71

• type of sudoriferous gland
• found mainly in axillae and genital region
• secretes substance responsible for body odor

Answer 71

apocrine sweat gland

Question 72

• secretes sebum (an oil that lubricates skin)
• helps to waterproof skin
• puffy-cloud-like

Answer 72

sebaceous gland

Question 73

• most common type of gland
• secretes watery sweat
• sweat evaporation cools skin

Answer 73

merocrine (eccrine gland)

Question 74

• portion of hair above skin surface

* shaft and root consist of dead, keratinized cells

Answer 74

hair shaft

Question 75

*portion of hair below skin surface

Answer 75

hair root

Question 76

• bundle of smooth muscle fibers
• extends from hair follicle into dermis
• contracts to make hair stand up

Answer 76

arrector pilli muscle

Question 77

• invagination of epidermal cells

* forms sheath around hair root

Answer 77

hair follicle

Question 78

*group of cells at base of hair root

Answer 78

hair bulb

Question 79

• connective tissue cells

* extend into hair bulb

Answer 79

papilla

Question 80

• found in papillary layer of dermis

* detects light touch and pressure

Answer 80

meissner’s corpuscle

Question 81

• found deep in reticular layer of dermis

* detects deep pressure

Answer 81

pacinian corpuscle

Question 82

*bulk of nail

Answer 82

nail body

Question 83

• thin layer of skin

* seals off nail root

Answer 83

cuticle

Question 84

*at base of nail, half-moon-shaped

Answer 84

lunula

Question 85

*produces new nail cells

Answer 85

nail matrix

Question 86

*embedded under fold of skin

Answer 86

*nail root

Question 87

*area of skin under nail body

Answer 87

nail bed

Question 88

covers an axon

Answer 88

endoneurium

Question 89

covers a fascicle

Answer 89

perineurium

Question 90

covers a nerve

Answer 90

epineurium

Question 91

supplies nerves to the brachial plexus

Answer 91

cervical enlargement

Question 92

point at which spinal nerve arises from spinal cord

Answer 92

spinal nerve root

Question 93

supplies nerves to the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 93

lumbar enlargement

Question 94

8 pairs

Answer 94

cervical nerves

Question 95

12 pairs

Answer 95

thoracic nerves

Question 96

5 pairs

Answer 96

lumbar nerves

Question 97

cone-shaped end of the spinal cord

Answer 97

conus medullaris

Question 98

horse tail

Answer 98

cauda equina

Question 99

extends from tip of conus medullaris to coccyx and anchors spinal cord within spinal cavity

Answer 99

filum terminale

Question 100

between arachnoid mater and pia mater

contains cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 100

subarachnoid space

Question 101

between dura mater and bony wall of vertebral canal

contains adipose tissue and blood vessels

Answer 101

epidural space

Question 102

superficial layer of meninges

forms a tough, protective sac

Answer 102

dura mater

Question 103

middle layer of meninges lying deep to dura mater

network of primarily collagen fibers

Answer 103

arachnoid mater

Question 104

deepest layer of meninges

fused to surface of spinal cord

Answer 104

pia mater

Question 105

contains axons of motor neurons and carries motor impulses to effector organs

Answer 105

ventral root

Question 106

contains cell bodies of sensory neurons “swelling”

Answer 106

dorsal root ganglion

Question 107

contains axons of sensory neurons

Answer 107

dorsal root