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H & P > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 P’s of sexual history?

A

Partners, practices, protection, prevention, past history

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2
Q

Intimate partner violence screening

A 
HITS
Hurt you physically?
Insult or talk down to you?
Threaten you with physical harm?
Scream or curse at you?
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3
Q

What side do you examine a patient from?

A

Right side

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4
Q

Use palmar surface of finger/finger pads for…

A

Palpating position, texture, size, consistency, fluid, form of a mass

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5
Q

Use ulnar surfaces of hand and fingers for…

A

Palpating vibration

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6
Q

Use dorsal surface of hand for…

A

Palpating for temperature

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7
Q

Tympani

A

Loud, high, drum like

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8
Q

Hyper resonance

A

Very loud, low, booming

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9
Q

Resonance

A

Loud, low, hollow

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10
Q

Dullness

A

Soft, moderate, thud like

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11
Q

Flatness

A

Soft, high, dull

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12
Q

Averag oral temperature

A

37 degrees Celsius (98.6 F)

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13
Q

Rectal is … Compared to oral

A

1 degree F greater than oral

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14
Q

Axillary temperature is … Compared to oral

A

1 degree less than oral

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15
Q

Tympanic temperature is… Compared to oral

A

1.5 degrees greater than oral

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16
Q

Tachycardia is…

A

Greater than 100 bpm

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17
Q

Bradycardia is …

A

Less than 60 beats per minute

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18
Q

Carotid pulse points

A

60-70

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19
Q

Radial pulse point

A

Greater than 80

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20
Q

Femoral pulse point

A

70-80

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21
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

Decrease in SBP and pulse amplified with inspiration

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22
Q

Pulsus biferiens

A

Biphasic pulse

Double peak

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23
Q

Pulsus parvus et tardus

A

Pulse is weaker and slower than expected

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24
Q

Pulsus alternans

A

Alternating strong and weak beats

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25
Q

Expected pulse

A

60-100 bpm

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26
Q

Expected respiration rate

A

12-20 breaths per minutes

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27
Q

Blood pressure normals

A

Less than 120 systolic and less than 80 diastolic

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28
Q

Pre hypertension

A

120-139 systolic and 80-89 diastolic

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29
Q

Hypertension stage 1

A

140-159 systolic and 90-99 diastolic

30
Q

Hypertension stage 2

A

160 or higher systolic and 100 or higher diastolicb

31
Q

BMI for a child

A

18.5-24.9

32
Q

Width and length of the inflatable bladder for taking blood pressure

A

Width- 40% of upper arm circumference

Length- 80% of upper arm circumference

33
Q

Why do older adults often not report pain?

A

They do not want to lose their independence

34
Q

A digoxin toxicity can cause…

A

Yellow vision

35
Q

Do you assess visual acuity with or without corrective lenses?

A

Both, but always without correction first

36
Q

If vision is less than 20/20…

A

Conduct a pinhole test to see if lack of vision is related to refraction

37
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

38
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness

39
Q

Presbyopia

A

From old age, reading up close is difficult

40
Q

Astigmatism

A

Corneal asymmetric curvature = burriness

41
Q

Unilateral field loss is a lesion on…

A

The optic nerve

42
Q

Bitemporal field loss is a lesion of…

A

Chiasmal compression from pituitary tumor

43
Q

Homonymous hemianopia is a lesion….

A

From a cerebrovascular event on one hemisphere of the brain

44
Q

Common causes of exophthalmos?

A

Grave’s disease
Tumor
Trauma

45
Q

Ptosis

A

Drooping eyelid

46
Q

Corneal arcus senilis

A

Lipids deposited in the periphery of the cornea, it is on the iris, looks like a cataract

47
Q

Miosis

A

Pupillary constriction less than .2 mm

48
Q

Mydriasis

A

Pupillary dilation greater than 6 mm

49
Q

Argyll Robertson pupil

A

Associated with neurosyphilis, fail to constrict with light but constrict with convergence

50
Q

Myelinated retinal nerve fibers

A

White area, will defined margins continuous with optic disc

Absence of pigment and feathery margins with full visual field

51
Q

Papilledema

A

Increased cranial pressure

Loss of definition of optic disc margin, venous pulsation and possible hemorrhage

52
Q

Cupping

A

Disc margins are raised with a lowered central area, can’t see blood vessels

Glaucoma

53
Q

Drusen bodies

A

Spots slightly more yellow than retina, signaling start of macular degeneration (age related)

54
Q

Cotton wool spot

A

Ill defined, yellow area caused by infarction of nerve layer of the retina

Caused by elevated blood pressure

55
Q

Cataracts

A

Opacity in lens

Usually aging, but steroids can cause them

56
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

Cotton wool spots, flame and dot hemorrhages

**neovascularization

57
Q

Hypertensive retinopathy

A

Can have AV nicking, hemorrhage, cotton wool spots, and even optic disc edema Papilledema

58
Q

Three Down syndrome features of eyes

A

Epicanthal fold
Upslant palpebral fissures
Brush field spots on iris

59
Q

Horner syndrome

A

Ipsilateral miosis, mild Ptosis, and loss of hemifacial sweating

60
Q

Weber test

A

Top of head, sound heard louder in impaired ear with unilateral CONDUCTIVE hearing loss

61
Q

Rinne test

A

Mastoid and air

Normal- longer in air than in bone

Conductive hearing loss- bone conduction heard longer than air conduction

Sensorineural hearing loss- air conduction heard longer, but less than 2:1 ratio

62
Q

CN I special test

A

Sense of smell with various odor recognition

63
Q

Sniff test

A

Patency of nares

64
Q

In children, maxillary sinuses are developed by…

A

4 years of age

65
Q

In children frontal sinuses are developed by…

A

5 to 6 years of age

66
Q

CN XII test

A

Stick out tongue, hypoglossal nerve

67
Q

CN IX and X tests

A

Palate and uvula deviation (X)

Gag reflex (IX)

68
Q

Boggy turbinates indicate…

A

Allergies

69
Q

Kopliks spots

A

Measles!!

70
Q

If greater than or equal to 60 years old, what is the blood pressure goal?

A

Less than 150/90

H & P (4 decks)

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