Exam 1

Question 1

• one sound playing at a time
• one melody without an accompaniment can be this
• texture of early music

Answer 1

Monophony/Monophonic

Question 2

the musical texture when a melody is accompanied by other parts

Answer 2

Homophony/Homophonic

Question 3

• the musical texture when 2 or more melodies are sounding at the same time
• many independent sounds, lines, or parts

Answer 3

Polyphony/Polyphonic

Question 4

the duration of sounds and when they occur

Answer 4

Rhythm

Question 5

collection of pitches in a recognizable form

Answer 5

Melody

Question 6

• notes that support the melody

* begins with 2 tones sounding at the same time

Answer 6

Harmony

Question 7

• the wide variety of available musical tones from which composers and arrangers choose
• part of musical sound which enables a listener to distinguish a certain instrument from other instruments even when pitch, loudness, and duration are the same
• overtone series

Answer 7

Color (Timbre)

Question 8

• how thick or thin music is
• a passage of music within a work may be a simple unaccompanied melody or it may involve 2 or more melodies with the accompaniment of many parts (monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic)

Answer 8

Texture

Question 9

final result of a musical piece

Answer 9

Form

Question 10

the location of a tone in a musical scale and is usually considered highness and lowness of sound

Answer 10

Pitch

Question 11

the name given to the symbols that indicates the duration or time values of musical sounds

Answer 11

Notes

Question 12

one voice or instrument begins a melody, and, before or after it finishes, a second voice or instrument takes up the same melody

Answer 12

round/imitation

Question 13

rationally organized sound

Answer 13

Music

Question 14

• smallest recognizable fragment of a melody

* doesn’t state a complete musical idea and may not end with a feeling of cadence

Answer 14

Motive

Question 15

at least 2 notes played at the same time

Answer 15

chord

Question 16

starting note of a scale

Answer 16

key

Question 17

symbols at the beginning of a scale to determine the key

Answer 17

key signature

Question 18

sense of reference to one note, like a gravitational pull of one note on all others in melody and harmony

Answer 18

tonality

Question 19

most easily comprehended unit of musical structure. it is often repeated, varied, and contrasted with others within the organization

Answer 19

phrase

Question 20

3 notes played at the same time

Answer 20

triad

Question 21

• keys on the piano that have to same name but different frequencies from each other
• series of 8 notes occupying the interval between (& including) two notes

Answer 21

octave

Question 22

foundation of musical rhythm

Answer 22

beat

Question 23

• a melody that comes back

* a melody that serves as a basis for a longer work

Answer 23

theme

Question 24

• when a tone receives an accent other than on a normal metrical accent, the tone is said to be _____.
• off/on the beat

Answer 24

syncopation

Question 25

made up of a number of beats that occur in patterns of strong and weak (duple/triple)

Answer 25

Meter

Question 26

indicates one measure of the beat pattern

Answer 26

time signature

Question 27

aka as the F clef and is used for notes most often played by left hand of pianists, read by male vocalists, and low pitched instruments

Answer 27

Bass Clef

Question 28

aka the G clef and indicates notes to be most often played by right hand of pianists, read by female vocalists, and high pitched instruments

Answer 28

treble clef

Question 29

when a work has been rewritten for another medium

Answer 29

transcription/arrangement

Question 30

* loudness or softness of music | * piano and forte

Answer 30

dynamics/dynamic markings

Question 31

the speed of beats

Answer 31

tempo

Question 32

harmonic intervals are smooth and pleasing to the ear

Answer 32

consonant

Question 33

harmonic intervals that are rough, harsh, and not pleasing to the ear

Answer 33

dissonant

Question 34

* 1st beat of a major (bar) | * accented beat

Answer 34

downbeat

Question 35

* note before the downbeat | * unaccounted beat(s) before 1st beat of a measure

Answer 35

upbeat

Question 36

range 2-9 performers, limited to only one performer per part

Answer 36

chamber ensembles

Question 37

range in size from 3-6 players

Answer 37

Jazz combo

Question 38

constructed from pitches in patterns of whole and half steps

Answer 38

scales

Question 39

a scale built in half steps

Answer 39

chromatic scale

Question 40

made up of 5 lines and 4 spaces

Answer 40

staff

Question 41

short lines that extend a staff and are used for notes above and below the normal 5 lines of a staff

Answer 41

ledger lines

Question 42

raises a tone one-half step

Answer 42

sharp #

Question 43

lowers a tone one-half step

Answer 43

flat

Question 44

restores a tone to its natural state by removing either a sharp or a flat

Answer 44

natural

Question 45

distance between 2 pitches or distance from one note to another

Answer 45

interval

Question 46

gradually getting louder

Answer 46

crescendo

Question 47

gradually getting softer

Answer 47

decrescendo

Question 48

* a simple melody | * having correct musical pitch or being in correct key

Answer 48

tune

Question 49

* smallest interval in western music | * division of the octave into 12 semi-tones in equal intervals

Answer 49

half-step

Question 50

precursor of scales

Answer 50

mode

Question 51

the tone that we recognize as the pitch is called the _____.

Answer 51

fundamental

Question 52

the softer tones that above the fundamental

Answer 52

harmonics/overtone

Question 53

the name given to the original piano because the player could control dynamics from soft to loud, depending upon the amount of force applied to the keys

Answer 53

piano-forte

Question 54

* the most important form in music for the past 200 years | * 3 sections: exposition, development, and recapitulation

Answer 54

sonata-allegro

Question 55

section of sonata-allegro that presents the listener with a primary theme (A), and one or more secondary or subordinate themes (B)

Answer 55

exposition

Question 56

section of sonata-allegro that follows the exposition and where the composer has opportunity to play with the themes and motives introduced in the exposition

Answer 56

development

Question 57

section of sonata-allegro that follows development and where the architecture of the exposition returns with a few changes.

Answer 57

recapitulation

Question 58

concludes most sonata-allegros (tail)

Answer 58

coda

Question 59

song form: two part plan AB

Answer 59

binary

Question 60

song form: 3 part form ABA

Answer 60

ternary

Question 61

song form: different verses sung to one melody A A A A

Answer 61

strophic form

Question 62

song form: music is altered to fit text and story and may have few repeated sections

Answer 62

through-composed

Question 63

song form: recurrence of a theme separated by several contrasting sections ABACABA

Answer 63

rondo

Question 64

song form: process of repeating a previously heard phrase or section of music but with modification A A' A" A''' A''''

Answer 64

theme and variation

Question 65

consists of beats in a repeating series

Answer 65

pulse

Question 66

list the names of string instruments

Answer 66

violin, viola, cello, double bass

Question 67

list the names of brass instruments

Answer 67

trumpet, horn, trombone, tuba

Question 68

list the names of woodwind instruments

Answer 68

flute, piccolo, clarinet, oboe, English horn, bassoon