exam 1 Flashcards
state of consciousness
awareness of ourselves and our environment
priming
the unconscious activation of information
manifest content
disguises the dream’s actual meaning (peach -> breast)
latent content
hidden “real” meaning of a dream (breast -> peach)
REM sleep
stage 5 of sleeping (released muscles, dreams)
hypnosis
state of increased suggestibility
activation-synthesis theory
dreams reflect random brain activity
neurocognitive theory
dreams are a form of thinking, help us solve problem
right brain
controls the left side of the body. more artistic and creative
left brain
controls the right side of the body. more academic and logical
binocular cues
cues from both eyes. eyes move inward for near objects
perceptual constancy
perceive objects as unchanging despite changes in retinal image. (color, shape, size)
psychology
study of human mind and its functions.
Wilhelm Wundt
Founding figures of modern psychology
Edward Titchener
studies with Wilhelm. Known for structuralism
William James
Father of American psychology
Structuralism
Analyze conscious into basic elements
Functionalism
theory about the nature of mental states. (understand about artifacts like mousetraps and keys) function or purpose of consciousness
Independent variable
being manipulated and tested by investigator (controlled)
Dependent variable
the factor being measured by the investigator (let alone)
John Watson
establish school of behaviorism
Ivan Pavlov
work in classical conditioning
Classical conditioning
cs: ding = dog w/e = food = happy dog
= ding + food = happy
ding = happy
B.F. Skinner
American psychologist. principle of reinforcement, radical behaviorism
unconditioned stimulus
a stimulus that naturally or automatically trigger response (paris hilton)
unconditional response
the unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus (sexy)
fixed ratio
a specific number of behavior
fixed interval
a specific time period (ex: monthly pay check)
variable ratio
unpredictable number of behaviors (ex: fishing/gambling)
variable interval
unpredictable time period
Sigmund Freud
The unconscious mind
Behaviorism
Focus on observation, not inner workings of the mind (John Watson)
Negative correlation
The less x the more y
The more x the less y
Positive correlation
The more x the more y
The less x the less y
Zero correlation
No relationship between x and y
Negative correlation
The less x the more y
The more x the less y
Positive correlation
The more x the more y
The less x the less y
Zero correlation
No relationship between x and y
