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POSC 225 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Monarchy

A

royal family, constitutional vs traditional

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2
Q

Oligarchy

A

elite few hold power, dictatorship

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3
Q

Democracy

A

citizens consent to be governed, has no control for next leader, more flexible

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4
Q

Theocracy

A

technically rule of God, rule by religious leader or group of religious officials who interpret god’s will

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5
Q

Totalitarianism

A

government controls all aspects, rule by elite that have unlimited power

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6
Q

Authoritanianism

A

government is strong but checked, monopoly of political power by an individual or small group that otherwise allow people to go about their private lives as they wish

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7
Q

Constitutionalism

A

government is restricted, power is distributed and limited by a system of laws that the rulers must obey

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8
Q

Dictator

A

has total control for next leader, when conditions don’t change dictatorships can last as long as democracies, may not be flexible when crisis hits

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9
Q

Partisan

A

steadfast conservatives, business conservatives, solid liberals

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10
Q

Less partisan, less predictable

A

young outsiders, hard-pressed skeptics, next generation left, faith and family

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11
Q

Steadfast conservatives

A

socially conservative populists

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12
Q

Business conservatives

A

pro-wall street, pro-immigrants, limited government

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13
Q

Solid liberals

A

liberal across the board

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14
Q

Young outsiders

A

conservative views on government, not social issues

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15
Q

Hard-pressed skeptics

A

financially stressed and pessimistic

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16
Q

Next generation left

A

young, liberal on social issues, less so on social safety net (government welfare programs etc)

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17
Q

Faith and family

A

racially diverse and religious

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18
Q

Bystanders

A

young, diverse, on the sidelines of politics

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19
Q

Representative/scientific polls

A

1, surveying a random samples in order to obtain statistically substantial results

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20
Q

Exit poll

A

conducted at polling places to test the water, already know the people voted

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21
Q

Straw poll

A

convenient sampling, poll of those gathered, not random

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22
Q

Push polls

A

conveys info vs collects public opinion

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23
Q

Elements of trustworthiness (polls)

A

Population, sampling and ways to reach respondents, sample and sample error

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24
Q

Sampling error

A

statistical error related to size of population about the sample

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25
Target population
who are they trying to get information about
26
Random sample
statistically interpreted
27
Analysis method
have to ensure the representation of the sample is fair
28
Weighting
giving more weight to certain parts of populations in order to accurately represent them in the sample
29
Children of Men themes
security vs liberty tension--must give up liberties to have security (authoritarian government) citizenship and rights of citizens vs non citizens
30
Liberals
equality and liberty pro-government actions to promote equality (affirmative action), anti-government actions that restrict individual liberties (for flag burning)
31
Populist
equality and order pro-government actions to promote equality (minimum wage laws), pro-government actions that impose social order (against flag burning)
32
Libertarians
liberty and freedom anti-government actions that interfere with market (against affirmative action), anti-government actions that restrict individual liberties (for gay rights)
33
Conservatives
order and freedom anti-government action that interfere with marker (against affirmative action), pro-government actions that impose social order (against flag burning)
34
Influences
based on experiences (whos and whats)
35
Seven Year War
tapped out British treasury
36
Sugar and Stamp Act
taxed sugars and stamps in the colonies
37
Tea Act
final straw in series of unpopular taxes, led to Boston Tea Party
38
Declaratory Act
Britain repealed the stamp act and lessened the sugar act
39
Quartering Act
required colonies to house British soldiers
40
Coercive Act
four acts established by Britain government in response to the Boston Tea Party
41
Locke
1602, natural, inherent rights must be protected, property
42
Hobbes
1630s, ability to govern lies in ourself, radical thinking
43
Rousseau
1760s, was skeptical of ability to balance between freedom and liberty, we need structure to create the balance
44
Montesquieu
1720s, separation of powers
45
Values of social base
freedom, equality, individualism, liberalism (minority opinions have protection from majority), democracy (elections to express consent), property (can own property outside of government), constitutionalism (document supersedes law, lawmakers)
46
Structure of Articles of Confederation
independent states with sovereignty, unicameral congress, no executive, rotation in office to avoid entrenched elite, needed unanimous consent for changes to articles (9 needed for other decisions)
47
Unicameral congress
could negotiate peace treaties, regulate foreign affairs, declare war, fix standards for weights, manage international affairs, borrow money
48
Reasons Articles failed
no centralized power, no way to defend, no taxes/regulations of interstate commerce
49
Shay's Rebellion
armed uprising in Massachusetts by farmers, led by Daniel Shay
50
Tensions between Articles and Constitution
centralized powers, representation, slavery/slaves being counted in the population
51
Centralized powers
the extent to which federal government should have power, addressed by federalist/antifederalist competing
52
Representation
population vs equality, addressed by fair representation, Connecticut Compromise
53
Connecticut Compromise
Virginia Plan (representation based on population) + New Jersey Plan (representation equal to all) = bicameral congress
54
Slavery
Southern economy (GA, MD, NC, SC, VA) vs Northern economy led to 3/5 compromise
55
Federalist
interested in strong national government concerned about allowing uneducated people power in governing the nation representation--select elites tyranny of majority (fear majority) generally restricted national government (security, economy)
56
Anti-federalist
``` interest in frequent elections more direct democracy freedom from elites/concerned about elites power representation--keep citizens close tyranny of majority (fear of elites) tightly restricted national government ```
57
Components of a constitution
missions, structures, processes
58
Missions
establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for common defense, promote general welfare, secure liberty
59
Structures
separating powers, checks and balances
60
Senate
impeach judicial and executive branch officials
61
Congress
declare war
62
President
command military, select top agency leaders, pardon federal prisoners, create treaties, fill open positions
63
Courts
hear lawsuits against federal government and between citizens of different states
64
Amendment proposal
congress or convention
65
Ratification
state legislatures or state ratifying conventions
66
Federalism
the power of the national government is limited by granting state governments their own legal and political power
67
2 ways to amend the Constitution
must be proposed by both houses or congress (2/3 must vote--3/4 must ratify) OR constitutional convention held requested by 3/4 of states
68
2 reasons there are so few amendments
difficult to ratify, interpretations of the constitution
69
Components of Congress
political parties, caucuses, committee rules, congressional staff

POSC 225 (1 decks)

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