Exam 1 Flashcards
Who provides AR
Audiologists
• Speech-language pathologists
• Teachers of the deaf and hard-of-hearing
• Psychologists
• Social workers
• Family members
6 levels of blooms taxonomy
Remembering Understandings a Applying Analyzing Evaluating Creating
Remembering
Retrieving info, recognizing and recalling relevant info.
Understanding
Constructing meaning through interpreting, summarizing, inferring
Applying
Carrying out a procedure through executing or implementing
Analyzing
Breaking material into parts and determining how they relate
Evaluating
Making judgements based on criteria and standards through checking and critiquing
Creating
Putting elements together to make a functional whole
4 phases of study cycle
- Preview material before class
- Go to class and actively listen
- Review notes as soon as possible
- Implement intense study sessions
Audibility
Degree to which a sound is perceptible by ear
SII
Speech intelligibility index unit of measure used to quantify audibility
0-1.0
the lower a patient’s SII, the less acoustic-phonetic information will be available to the patient and the poorer her speech recognition will be.
AAI
AIDED AUDIBILITY INDEX (AAI)
• AAI gives a numerical value that allows a comparison of relative audibility across listening conditions and hearing aid settings.
• AAI because it accounts for listening environment and hearing aid fit.
• Thresholds at 250, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz are required to compute an AAI.
IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF HEARING LOSS AS THEY RELATE TO AR
degree and configuration of loss
• age at hearing loss
• type of hearing loss
• type of listening device(s) used
• length of device use
• audibility of the speech signal/speech intelligibility index (SII)
Consequences of hearing loss
impacts aural/oral communication.
• …affects educational outcomes (e.g., reading and writing).
• …affects social development.
• …affects job placement.
Communication modes
The communication mode that is best for a child will ALWAYS be chosen by the child’s family.
There are a number of communication modes available for children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.
• American Sign Language (ASL)
• Signing Exact English (SEE)
• cued speech
• aural-oral approach
INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY, AND HEALTH
ICFDH was created by the World Health Organization (WHO).
• A classification system and model for describing health and health-related states—including hearing loss.
• Two models initially came out of the ICF
• Medical model
• Social model
• Biopsychosocial model—the ultimate model
Approaching the AR process
Auditory training often serves as the basis of an AR program, after employing the ICF.
• Auditory training is a process of teaching the individual with hearing loss to take full advantage of available auditory cues.
• Auditory training is most often used with children who are pre- and peri-lingually deaf.
What do AR programs typically involve
auditory training, speech therapy, language development, managing communication, and managing listening devices
Different types of auditory training
Natural conversation approach
Moderately structured approach
Practice on specific tasks
Er er levels of listening
Lowest to highest
Detection
Discrimination
Indentification
Comprehension
Detection of sounds
Ability to determine the presence or absence of sound (auditory only)
Identification of sounds
Ability to perceive similarities and differences between 2 or more sounds ( including speech stimuli)
Identification of sounds
Only labeling the sound heard, repeating only what is heard or indicating they understand
Comprehension of sound
Ability to understand the meaning of speech by answering questions, following an instruction, paraphrasing, or participating in a conversation
Must be different than the stimuli presented
Goals of auditory training
Many factors
Make the listening task challenging without be frustrating
Most useful when it is applicable to the child
