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Mgmt 1005 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

also known as ‘consequentialism’?

A

teleological approach

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2
Q

analysis based on rules and principles?

A

Deontological approach

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3
Q

what are the two major branches of ethical analysis?

A

Teleological (based on outcomes)

Deontological (based on rules and principles)

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4
Q

What are the four approaches to ethical analysis?

A

Utilitarian approach
Individual Rights Approach
Justice and Fairness Approach
Virture approach

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5
Q

“greatest good for greatest number” represents which approach?

A

Utilitarian

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6
Q

Pleasure = good
Pain = evil
who said it?

A

Jeremy Bentham

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7
Q

Two classes of pleasure
1. lower (animal)
2. higher (uniquely human)
who said it?

A

John Stuart Mill

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8
Q

What ethical approach is based on intent?

A

Individual rights approach

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9
Q

respect for persons?

A

individual rights approach

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10
Q

freedom, choice and dignity?

A

individual rights approach

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11
Q

Who is known for the Right Approach?

A

Kant

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12
Q

Deontology is also known as what?

A

Kantiasm

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13
Q

“The intention behind an action (rather than its consequences) is what makes an action good” who feels this way?

A

Kant

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14
Q

“There is therefore but one categorical imperative, namely, this: act only on that maxim whereby thou canst at the same time will that it should become universal law”

A

Kant

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15
Q

Who is known for the categorical imperative?

A

Kant

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16
Q

What are the three formulations of the categorical imperative?

A
  1. act only on maxims which you can will to be universal laws of nature
  2. treat humanity in a person as an end, not as a means
  3. act as if you were a member of an ideal kingdom as both subject and sovereign
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17
Q

This approach is based on balancing benefits and burdens

A

Justice and Fairness Approach

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18
Q

What approach deals with punishment, compensation, and accommodation?

A

Justice and Fairness

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19
Q

What approach compares and weighs claims of conflicting parties and tries to strike a balance between them?

A

Justice and Fairness

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20
Q

Approach concerned with comparative treatment

A

Justice and fairness

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21
Q

What are the three categories of the Justice and fairness approach?

A
  1. Distributive
  2. Retributive
  3. Compensatory
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22
Q

Fair distribution of societies benefits and burdens?

A

Distributive Justice

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23
Q

Just imposition of punishment and penalties of those who have done wrong

A

Retributive justive

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24
Q

just way of compensating people for what they lost when they were wronged by others

A

compensatory justice

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25
Q

This approach is based upon habits, and actions of highest character

A

Virtue approach

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26
Q

What is morality?

A

Universal principles of right and wrong

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27
Q

What is ethics?

A

the study of morality

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28
Q

what are the 3 primary branches of ethics?

A

metaethics, normative ethics, applied or practical ethics

29
Q

what do all three branches of ethics have in common?

A

they seek to promote human welfare and to identify principles that advance the common good

30
Q

who have stage theories of moral develoment?

A

Lawrence Kohlberg, Carol Gilligan

31
Q

What are the key characteristics of Kohlbergs six stages?

A

Stages develop over time, stages develop in sequence, stages are “hierarchal integrations” and include previous stages

32
Q

Where can punishment and obedience orientation be found?

A

kohlbergs pre-conventional stage

33
Q

which of kohlbergs stages included instrumental-relativist?

A

pre-conventional

34
Q

which of kohlbergs stages was “self centered”?

A

pre-conventional

35
Q

What were the three levels of Kohlbergs 6 stages?

A

Pre conventional, conventional, post conventionalq2

36
Q

what level contains the group norms stage?

A

conventional

37
Q

what level? interpersonal concordance orientation (peers)

A

conventional

38
Q

Law and order orientation can be found where?

A

Kohlbergs conventional level

39
Q

The highest level of kohlbergs?

A

Post conventional, autonomous, or principled

40
Q

impartial reasoning stages?

A

post conventional

41
Q

social contract orientation?

A

Kohlbergs post conventional stage

42
Q

Universal Ethical priciples orientation?

A

kohlbers post conventional

43
Q

which two stages of Kohlbergs theory were pre conventional?

A

Punishment/obedience & Instrumental relativist

44
Q

two stages of Kohlbergs in conventional?

A

Interpersonal concordance (peers) & law and order

45
Q

Post conventional stages?

A

social contract & universal ethical principle

46
Q

what did carol gilligans pre conventional level look like?

A

caring only for oneself

47
Q

what did carol gilligans conventional level look like?

A

care for others rather than caring for self

48
Q

what did carol gilligans post conventional stage look like?

A

balance caring for others and caring for oneself

49
Q

what was carol gilligans response to kohlberg?

A

gilligan felt kohlbers model fails to consider an alternate pattern of development in women because all of kohlbers research was done on men

50
Q

what are organizational values that flow from the seperate self?

A

hierarchy, competitive, adversarial, legalistic

51
Q

what are organizational values that flow from the connected self?

A

participation, sharing power and information, encouraging others

52
Q

where should ethical decisions be made?

A

post conventional stage

53
Q

who was jim taylor?

A

a very rich, powerful and corrupt business man who runs a horrible political machine, controlling most of the politicians, etc.

54
Q

not just adding up happiness,but also sponsoring higher sentiments can be classified into which ethical approach?

A

utilitarian

55
Q

“the principle which approves or disapproves of every action whatsoever”

A

the principle of utility

56
Q

Jeremy Bentham is known for what?

A

the principle of utility

57
Q

how is the principle of utility measured?

A

intensity, duration, certainty or uncertainty, propinquity or remoteness, its fecundity, its purity, and its extent

58
Q

what ethical approach has been criticized for not adequately supporting principles or justice, fairness, and truth telling?

A

Utilitarianism

59
Q

Who believed that actions are right as they “promote happiness”?

A

John Stuart Mill

60
Q

“it is better to be a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied” who said it

A

john stuart mill

61
Q

what are examples of Mill’s higher pleasures?

A 
intellect(logic intelligence), 
noble feelings(sympathy, heroism, empathy), 
imagination(creativity, innovation), 
moral sentiments(justice, honesty, fairness)
62
Q

who did not have a hierarchy of pleasures?

A

Bentham

63
Q

Who is known for a hedonistic categories?

A

Jeremy Bentham

64
Q

“justice as fairness”

A

john rawls

65
Q

Individial rights

A

Kant

66
Q

what are john rawls goals for society?

A
  1. self sufficient
  2. regulated by justice
  3. aimed at advancing the good
  4. characterized by conflict and identity of interests
67
Q

what is the difference between kant and rawls?

A

kant: is universal
rawls: is NOT universal

68
Q

what are Rawls two(3) principles of justice?

A
  1. Equal liberties - adequate basic rights
  2. Fair Equality of Opportunity
    ~Difference principle ( cannot fall beneath floor set )
69
Q

Analysis based on outcomes?

A

teleological approach

Mgmt 1005 (1 decks)

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