Exam 1

Question 1

The muscle fiber is composed of many ________grouped together

Answer 1

Myo fibrils

Question 2

The process of converting substrates into energy is called

Answer 2

Bioenergetics

Question 3

What are the two main contractile proteins in a muscle contraction?

Answer 3

Actin

Myosin

Question 4

What is the main cause in hitting the wall in an endurance competition?

Answer 4

Hypoglycemia

Question 5

Hypoglycemia

Answer 5

Not having enough glycogen

Question 6

What is cardiac output ?

Answer 6

Stroke volume x heart rate

Question 7

Humans can store approx ______ kcal in the body

Answer 7

2500

Question 8

How do we determine respiratory exchange ratio?

Answer 8

VCO2/VO2

Question 9

Name 3 adaptations to aerobic training?

Answer 9

Increase VO2max 
Mitochondrial increase 
Increase myoglobin
Increase oxidative enzymes 
Angiogenesis

Question 10

What structure is used for oxygen storage in the muscle?

Answer 10

Myoglobin

Question 11

Name the 4 main properties of muscle

Answer 11

Excitability
Elasticity
Extensibility
Contractibility

Question 12

With training the body can oxidize ______ and use it for energy

Answer 12

Lactate

Question 13

What part of the body likes to use lactate

Answer 13

Brain and heart

Question 14

At rest we use _______ as fuel At high intensity primarily ______ is used at low intensity

Answer 14

50% fat 50%carb

Carb

Question 15

What structure allows action potentials to propagate?

Answer 15

T tubules

Question 16

What produces more ATP? Glycogen or glucose ? How much ATP is produced by each ?

Answer 16

Glycogen

2/3 ATP

Question 17

What is the primary energy system

Of the brain?

Answer 17

Carbs

Question 18

What term refers to increased capillary density if muscle?

Answer 18

Angiogenesis

Question 19

What is running economy?

Answer 19

The O2 uptake needed to run at a given velocity

Question 20

What are 3 main function of muscle?

Answer 20

Movement
Skeletal stability
Protect internal organs
Generate heat

Question 21

What are the 2 thinks that effect the activity of enzymes ?

Answer 21

Temp and ph

Question 22

What do enzymes do ?

Answer 22

Breakdown ATP –>adp +p

Speed up reactions

Question 23

A way to artificially enhance red blood cell concentration

Answer 23

Blood doping

Question 24

When actin and myosin overlap they form

Answer 24

Cross bridges

Question 25

For the 2 athletes with the same VO2max the person with _______ has better performance?

Answer 25

Lactate threshold

Question 26

What neurotransmitter allows action potential to enter cell

Answer 26

Acetylcholine

Question 27

If the production is equal to the rate of clearing this substrate can be used as an energy source

Answer 27

Lactate

Question 28

A myo fibril is composed of many what linked together?

Answer 28

Sarcomeres

Question 29

Muscle spindles provide information regarding the _______ of muscles while the Golgi tendon organ provide information about ______ of muscles

Answer 29

Length

Tension

Question 30

________ help lower the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction and also regulate the speed of reactions within a cell . Two primary contributors to the amount of their activity are ______ and ______

Answer 30

Enzymes
Ph
Temp

Question 31

The sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storing and releasing ______

Answer 31

Calcium

Question 32

Hydrolysis is a reaction that results in

Answer 32

Breaking down ATP into adp and phosphate

Question 33

During excitation contraction coupling _______ binds to the_______ via the _____ binding site

Answer 33

Myosin head
Actin filament
Troponin

Question 34

What is the primary mineral needed in the body?

Answer 34

Calcium