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Nursing Informatics > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How does Informatics affect all nurses?

A

Nurses are information-dependent knowledge workers. Health care is continuing to evolve and nurses must be prepared to make a contribution by harnessing appropriate and timely information

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2
Q

Define Nursing Informatics

A

A field that integrates nursing, cognitive, computer, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in a specialty’s practice

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3
Q

The 4 salient concepts that informatics includes

A

Data, Information, Wisdom, Knowledge

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4
Q

Nursing Informatics is the manipulation of data, information, knowledge, especially related to what?

A

Decision making in any aspect of nursing

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5
Q

Whose standards are used to govern nursing informatics?

A

The American Nurses Association

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6
Q

Which nurses are nurse informatics specialists?

A

ALL NURSES; there is the ability for nurses to obtain higher educational degrees and certifications to help them to practice in the field of informatics

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7
Q

How do nursing informatics specialists enter the field?

A

All nurses are required to receive education in nursing informatics; Nurses who want to learn further about the field can obtain a higher degree at a university

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8
Q

The three concepts that are the underpinnings of informatics

A

Data, Information, Wisdom

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9
Q

Define Data

A

Discrete entitles described objectively obtained by NAMING, COLLECTING, AND ORGANIZING

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10
Q

Define Information

A

Data that is interpreted, organized, or structured

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11
Q

Define Knowledge

A

Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified, and formalized

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12
Q

Define Wisdom

A

The appropriate application of knowledge to the management and solution of human problems

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13
Q

According to ANA scope and standards, nursing informatics is a specialty that integrates what? In order to manage and communicate what? Who is supported? In what? Where? Using what?

A

Nursing informatics integrates Nursing, computer, information; to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge and wisdom in nursing; to support consumer, patients, nurses, and other providers; in their decision making; in all roles and settings; using information structures, processes and technology

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14
Q

What is the goal of nursing informatics?

A

To improve the health of populations, communities, families, and individuals by optimizing information management and communication

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15
Q

The word “Patient” refers to whom?

A

Consumers in a wellness and illness model

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16
Q

In what year did ANA first recognize nursing informatics as a specialty for registered nurses?

A

1992

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17
Q

What distinguishes informatics from the traditional informational management?

A

The use of informational technology

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18
Q

Describe ergonomics as typically used in the United States

A

The design and implementation of equipment tools, and machines related to human safety comfort and convenience.

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19
Q

Describe choosing among alternatives

A

We choose among alternatives by using decision making. These decisions are characterized by both the quality of the decisions and the impact of the actions resulting from those decisions. Guided by critical thinking.

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20
Q

What is an expert system?

A

A type of decision support system that implements the knowledge of one or more human experts without human intervention(i.e. an insulin pump)

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21
Q

What changes in technology will drastically alter biomedical applications?

A

Changes in society(Aging, AIDS, mobile technology)
Changes in health care delivery(the changing and expanding of roles of nursing)
Changes in technology(nanotechnology

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22
Q

What are the 5 Rights of Quality Information?

A 
Right Info
Right Accessibility/Security
Right Setting
Right Application
Right Time
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23
Q

How is reliable Information “As close to the truth as one can get”?

A

Information is solely based upon data of the current age… as new data begins to trend, medicinal practices will change as will the information that goes along with it

24
Q

What environment is conveyed by the environment?

By all 5 senses?

A

Output(environment)

Input(All 5 senses)

25
Q

What are SILOS?

A

Silos are systems or languages created in specific departments that don’t interlink with other departments

26
Q

What is Cloud Computing?

A

Web-Browser based log-in accessible data that can link systems

27
Q

What does the field of cognitive science study?

A

The mind, intelligence, and behavior from an information processing perspective

28
Q

What are three sources of knowledge?

A

Instinct, Reason, Intuition

29
Q

Define Intuition

A

A way of acquiring knowledge that cannot be obtained by interference, deduction, observation, analysis, or experience.

30
Q

What is Aristotle’s definition of intuition?

A

“A leap of understanding, a grasp of a larger concept unreachable by other intellectual means yet fundamentally an intellectual process”

31
Q

How does intuition relate to nursing?

A

Once knowledge is acquired and practiced more, skilled nurses will act upon their knowledge to make decisions

32
Q

What is the definition of AI as described by Herbert Simon?

A

Two functions- Use the power of computers to augment human thinking and use a computer’s AI to understand how humans think in a humanoid way

33
Q

What is the definition of AI as described by John McCarthy?

A

The science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. Related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable

34
Q

What is the definition of AI as described by Lamont?

A

“The ability to perform a task that is normally performed by natural intelligence, particularly human natural intelligence. We have in fact AI that can perform many tasks that used to require and could only be done by human intelligence”

35
Q

Define Health Literacy

A

The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions

36
Q

What does CINAHL stand for?

A

The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature

37
Q

Medline- How many records does it contain?

Who maintains it?

A

+10 million; The National Library of Medicine

38
Q

What are examples of copyright infringements?

A

Making/Distributing copies, using all or part of a copyrighted work, using copyright material without permission

39
Q

What is the BOTTOM LINE regarding copyrights?

A

COPYRIGHT VIOLATION= PROSECUTION

40
Q

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?

A

Quantitative data focuses on numbers and frequencies, with the goal of describing a situation or looking for correlations or other relationships which will contribute to the outcome

Qualitative data is any information that can be captured but is not numerical. It is used to describe meaning than create statistics. Based on judgement and opinions.

41
Q

What is data mining?

A

Using software to sort through data for the use of finding correlations and relationships between the data

42
Q

How is confidentiality maintained in data mining?

A

Patients are deidentified(name/DOB/SSN removed)

43
Q

What is Evidence-Based Practice?

A

Using clinical judgement and knowledge, along with protocols and policy procedures linked to scientific evidence, to make medical decisions

44
Q

What is translational research?

A

Methods used in translating medical research into clinical interventions

45
Q

What is the gold-standard concept that Dr. Archie Cochrane introduced?

A

Using randomized control trials and systemic review to conduct medical testing for purposes of evaluating validity and effectiveness of clinical intervention

46
Q

What year was RCT introduced?

A

1972

47
Q

Are RCT always available and possible to nurses to base their clinical practice on ?

A

No; when it is not nurses use internal and external forms of knowledge to make decisions

48
Q

What are the barriers to Evidence Based Practice?

A 
Lack of support from administration 
Lack of time
Lack of technical options
Lack of access to technology, research tools or libraries
Lack of value in research
49
Q

How have we transitioned in healthcare from Industrial Age to Information age?

A

In the 1900, the workforce was mainly farmers; Post WWI the job market became primarily industrial; In the current age, the new trend is in techonology

50
Q

What does the future of informatics include?

A 
Impacts of changing demographics
Changes in healthcare technology
Nanotechnology
Encryption
Biomedical Identifiers
51
Q

Define Meta-Analysis

A

A form of systemic review that uses statistical methods to combine the results of multiple research studies

52
Q

Define Interoperability

A

Networks the can link and work together

53
Q

Define Inoperability

A

Networks the are unable to link and work together

54
Q

What is subjective data?
What is objective data?
Which of these is the C/C of pain?

A

Subjective is what the pt. tells us such as a history.
Objective is what we obtain with our senses- such as a physical exam or Vital Signs
Pain is subjective

55
Q

Describe data scrubbing

A

Data scrubbing is the process of amending or removing data in a database that is incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted. Wrong data can be misinterpreted and lead to incorrect information being dispersed

Nursing Informatics (2 decks)

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