Exam-1 Flashcards
Greek naturalist and philosophy, theorized about learning, memory, motivation, emotion, perception, and personality.
Aristotle 300 B.C.E
Measured 1/10 of second for a sound occurred, and 2/10 of second when consciously aware of perceiving the sound.
- led to first psy lab
- takes longer for people to be aware
Wundt Experiment measured
Leipzig Germ.
Used introspection to reveal the structure of human mind
Structuralism
(Wundt & Titchener
Explored mental & behavior processes function, how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Functionalism
James inf. Darwin
Aimed to discover the minds structure
-analyzed how they looked, listened, and smelled.
Edward Bradford Titchener
Considered the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings. Why does the nose smell? The brain think? Assumed adapted by ancestors.
William James
Series used to consider our past,present, and future.
- encouraged explorations of emotions, memories, will power, habits
Counsiousness
Joined graduate seminar in Harvard. First APA pres in 1905
Mary Whiton Calkins (1890)
First female psychology Ph.D. Wrote “The animal mind”
Second APA pres in 1921
Margaret Floy Washburn
Dismissed introspection and redefined psychology. “ the scientific study of observable behavior”
John B. Watson & B.F. Skinner
View that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior w/o reference to mental processes.
Behaviorist
1960s
Seem to analyze personality, offer counseling, and dispense child-rearing advice.
Psychologist
Semphasized the ways our unconscious thought process and our emotions responses to childhood experiences affect our behavior
Freudian Psychology
Historically significant perspective that emphasizes growth of healthy ppl
Humanistic Psychologist
Found behavior and Feud too limiting
Carl Rodgers and Abraham Maslow
First philosopher
Thales
Theory of atoms and perception
Democritus
Gave us Plato
Socrates
Gave us dualism
- world of ideas(real)
and world of stuff(not real)
Plato
Gave us realism
Believed stuff was real
Aristotle
Tried to mesh Greek theology w/Christianity (catholism)
St.Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas
Church fathers
Other pathristics
I think therefore I am
Rene Descartes
Greek + church + European philosophy
Western thought
Though: How we do things
Western thought
First lab in U.S
Stanley Hall
Teacher @ Harvard, text in English
William James
Applies psychology to education
John Dewey
Father of psychoanalysis, mind is mostly unconsciousness
Sigmoid Freud
The behaviorist
Ivan Pavlov
John Watson
B.f Skinner
Absent minded, we act. (Russian)
Ivan Pavlov
Intro learning to am. (Measurable behavior)
John Watson
Popularized behaviorism
“No such thing as mind”
B.f. Skinner
Whole is better than the sum of its part
Gentralist:
Max wertheimer
Kurt koffka
Wolfgang kohler
Mind changes and differes in age
Dev. Psy:
Freud
Erik erikson
Jean Piaget
Employing the looking at scientific method, many to judge Indv.
- ob.
- survey
- quasi ex.
- case studies
Empiricism
- research question and lecture review
- hypothesis
- independent/dependent
- choose partisipants
- do exper.
- analyze data
Experimental process
To rule out information, or make better analysis
Statistics
Doesn’t cause of effect something (ice cream, murders)
Correlation
Mental process to talk, hear, analyze, deal God soul through pineal gland
Rene Descartes (1600)
Believed in energy through atomic particles throughout body
Thomas Hobbes
Magnetic energy throughout body
Fran’s Mesmer (1700)
Electricity (nervous system) throughout body
Ruigi Galvani
Glial cells, one direction, movement of chain, highway of neurons
Bell and Magen
Receive info from other cells
Dendrites
Passes messages away from cell body to other neurons, muscles, glands
Axons
Covers axon, help speed neural impulses
Myelin sheath
Electrical signals traveling down axon
Neural impulses
Cells life support
Cell body
- all or none firing
- constant low level firing
- firing an electron Chem into neurotransmitters
- synthetic storage of nt.
- release of neural transmiters into synaptic cleft
Synaptic process
- synthesis by neurons
- excitatory/inhibitory
- dozen depend on organization
Neurotransmitters
Separated from brain, not completely
Frontal lobe
Sensory information, sensory cortex, send out Moto info.
Parietal lobe
Verbal, lobal, hearing, speaking
Temporal lobe
Relay of info.
Thalamus
Motivation, food, sex hormones
Hypothalamus
Automic process
Medulla
Fear, aggression
Pons
Corpus callosum, right lobe acts dependent of left
Split brain theory
Focus on childhood seeking pleasure. Oral-mouth as pleasure (0-2) Anal- Elem process (2-4) Phallic-noticing of sex more (4-6) Latecy- puberty(6-7) Genital-pub-adult
Freud theory
Focus on social relationships lifelong Dev. And optimism Trust vs. Mis Autonomy and doubt 2-4 Industry inferiority (4-6 Initetive guilt 6-12 Intamacy isolation young adult Generativity stagnation middle age Integrity despair older adults
Erik erikson
Thinking Sensory motor 0-2 Preoperstional 2-5 Concrete operations 5-9 Formal operations 2-5 Can form ideas about love and God
Piaget cognitive Dev. Theory
Moral Dev. Theory Pre conventional (5) - best for me Conventional -choices that benefit me/ others Post conventional -choices that benefit out of group
Lawrence kohlberg
