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RDA > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Causation

A

Relationship between cause and effect, in that one variable is shown to have caused the observed change in another variable

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2
Q

Confidentiality

A

A participant’s responses are kept private although the researcher may be able to link the participant with his/her responses

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3
Q

Testable hypothesis

A

An educated prediction that can be disproven

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4
Q

Descriptive research

A

Research design in which the primary goal is to describe the variables, but not examine relationships among variables

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5
Q

Reliability

A

Consistency of findings or measures

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6
Q

Validity

A

Accuracy of findings of measures

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7
Q

Reliably of a study

A

How consistent the results are across similar studies

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8
Q

Replication

A

Conducting the same study with new participants (literal replication) or conducting a study examining the same patterns or relationships but with different methods (conceptual replication)

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9
Q

Confound

A

A variable that is not the focus of the research study, but affects the variables of interest in the study

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10
Q

Anonymity

A

No one other than the participant can link the participant to his/her responses

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11
Q

Measurement reliability

A

Consistency of a measure

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12
Q

Measurement validity

A

Measurement is accurate in that it measures what it purports to measure

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13
Q

Construct

A

A concept that cannot be directly observed or measured

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14
Q

Operational definition

A

The explicit explanation of a variable in terms of how it is measured or manipulated

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15
Q

Qualitative measurement

A

Non numerical

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16
Q

Quantitative measurement

A

Numerical

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17
Q

True zero

A

Zero is a fixed point

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18
Q

Nominal scale

A

Numbers represent categories and have no numerical value

Types of cars

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19
Q

Ordinal scale

A

Numbers that have order so that each number is greater/ less than other numbers–rankings

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20
Q

Interval scale

A

Measurement that has both order and equal intervals between values on the scale

Temperature

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21
Q

Ratio scale

A

Values measure quantity and have order, equal intervals, and a true zero

22
Q

Likert type scale

A

Commonly used interval scale response in which items are rated in a range of numbers that are assumed to have equal intervals

Assessment on a questionnaire

23
Q

Open ended response

A

Item on a scale that requires the respondents to generate their own answers

24
Q

Cronbach’s Alpha

A

Test used to assess the internal consistency of a scale by computing the inter correlations among responses to scale items; values of .70 or higher are interpreted as acceptable internal consistency

25
Q

Split half reliability

A

Correlations between the responses to half the items on a scale to the other half; values of .70 or higher are considered to denote acceptable reliability

26
Q

Test retest reliability

A

Measure of the stability of scores on a scale over time

27
Q

Inter rater reliability

A

Measure of agreement between different raters’ scores

28
Q

Informed consent

A

An ethical standard by which potential participants are informed of the topic, procedures, risks, and benefits of participation prior to consenting to participate

29
Q

Debriefing

A

Clearing up any misconceptions that the participant might have and addressing any negative effects of the study

30
Q

Deception

A

Can be harmful but may be necessary for particular studies

31
Q

Scientific approach

A
  1. Identify topic
  2. Find, read, and evaluate past research
  3. Further refine topic and develop a hypothesis
  4. Choose a research design
  5. Plan and carry out study
  6. Analyze data
  7. Communicate results
32
Q

Correlational research

A

Design in which the relationship amount two or more variables is examined but causality cannot be determined

33
Q

Experimental research

A

Research design that attempts to determine a causal relationship by manipulating one variable, randomly assigning participants to different levels of that manipulated variable, and measuring the effect of that manipulation on another variable

34
Q

Quasi-experimental

A

Basically an experiment but there is no random assignment and thus cannot demonstrate causation

35
Q

Independent variable

A

Variable that is manipulated

36
Q

Dependent variable

A

Variable measured and is expected to change

37
Q

Primary research source

A

Authors report results of an original research study that they conducted

38
Q

Secondary research source

A

Authors review research but do not report results of an original study

39
Q

Scholarly sources

A

Designed to advance knowledge in a field, written by someone with expertise in that field with knowledge of the field, that cited and builds upon other scholarly sources

40
Q

Popular sources

A

Designed to entertain or educate and was written for those who don’t have any knowledge in the topic area

41
Q

Peer review

A

Process in which scholarly works are reviewed by other experts in the field

42
Q

Literature review

A

Review of past research without a report of original research

43
Q

Meta-analysis

A

A type of review in which the statistical results of past research are synthesized but no original data were collected or analyzed

44
Q

Main sections of a journal article

A 
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
45
Q

Power

A

The ability to find stat sig when in fact a pattern exists. Sample size and strength of the relationship between two or more variables are two factors that impact a study’s power

46
Q

Internal validity

A

The extent to which you can demonstrate a casual relationship between your IV and DV

47
Q

External validity

A

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other samples, settings, or procedures

48
Q

Institutional review board

A

Put in place to ensure ethical standards are kept and needed when not in class study

49
Q

Research ethics

A

Uses IRB approval to ensure that all research remains ethical
Tunksky syphillis study
Nuremberg trials

50
Q

APA Formatting

A

Authors (year). Title of study. Title of journal in italics, volume, pages-not italicized. Doi:

51
Q

Critical thinking

A

Higher level thinking using analysis and reasoning

RDA (1 decks)

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