Exam 1

Question 1

Upper Cross Inhibited

Answer 1

Deep Neck Flexor (Longus cap., colli)
Lower Trap
Rhomboids
Serratus

Question 2

Lower Cross Overactive

Answer 2

Paraspinals
IT Band
Lateral Hamstring
Iliopsoas
Lateral Gastroc

Question 3

Lower Cross inhibited

Answer 3

Gluts (med. max.)

lumbopelvic hip stabilizers

Question 4

Joints prone to mobility restrictions

Answer 4

THORACIC
Ankle
Hip
Glenohumeral
Upper Cervical

Question 5

Joints prone to stability restrictions

Answer 5

Knee
Lumbar spine
Scapula
Lower Cervical

Question 6

What is acute incr. in ROM attributed to with static stretching

Answer 6

Analgesic Effect

Question 7

What happens to performance after stretching?

Answer 7

Stretch induced strength loss

decreased performance, acute inhibition of maximal force of the muscle

Question 8

When is it best to perform static stretching?

Answer 8

On it’s own as part of a wellness plan NOT preceding or following event.

Question 9

Ballistic stretches

Answer 9

Bouncing at end range, rapid alternating movements at end range.
Incr. Injury Risk, not good for dynamic sports

Question 10

Active Dynamic stretches

Answer 10

Active movement through a full range.

Start slow and get fast. (grape to watermelon)

Question 11

Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR)

Answer 11

Doctor passively stretches to tension, pt. contracts 10 seconds while breathing, relax then repeat 3-5 times

Question 12

Post Facilitation Stretch (PFS)

Answer 12

1. Target muscle is placed in midposition
2. Patient contracts isometrically for 10 seconds using maximum strength
3. Relaxation phase
4. Stretch
5. Repeat at new barrier
   Ex. Using Hip flexors to stretch hamstring

Question 13

Muscle Energy Technique (MET)

Answer 13

voluntary contraction of a muscle in precise and controlled direction and variations in intensity.

• take mm to comfortable point of barrier
• contract 25% dr. matches with resistance

Question 14

active Isolated Stretching

Answer 14

Lengthening with a gentle pressure at end range to microscopically loosen scar tissue and allow restoration of proper muscle length.
The patient positions the part in the proper position andinitiates voluntary movement toward end range
Doc applies a gradual tension of no more than 1 pound of pressure to stretch. Stretch for no more than 2 seconds.
Return to start position
Repeat 8 to 10 reps

Sherlingtons law

Question 15

Upper Cross Overactive

Answer 15

Upper Trap
Levator Scapula
Pec Major
Pec Minor
SCM 
Scalenes
Ant. Deltoid

Question 16

D1 shoulder flexion

Answer 16

Shoulder-Flexion, External Rotation, Adduction
Forearm- Supination
Wrist- Flexion
Fingers-Flexion
Flexy rexy add soup REflex

Question 17

D2 Shoulder Extension

Answer 17

Shoulder- Extend, Internal Rotation, Adduction
Forearm- Pronation
Wrist- Flex
Fingers- Flex
Ex's are In Add Pro Flexors Flexing

Question 18

D1 Hip Flexion

Answer 18

Hip- Flexion, Adduction, External Rotation
Ankle- Dorsiflex, Inversion
Toes- Extension

Flexadex, Dorsinex

Question 19

D2 Hip Extension

Answer 19

Hip- Extension, Adduction, External Rotation
Ankle- Plantar Flexion, Inversion
Toes- Flexion

ExAddEx, Planinflex

Question 20

Irradiation

Answer 20

Spread of excitation in CNS that causes contraction of synergistic muscles in a specific pattern.
i.e. bicep contraction causes triceps activation

Question 21

Faciliation techniques are

Answer 21

Rhythmic stabilization, Slow Reversal, Fast Reversal

Question 22

Rhythmic stabilization

Answer 22

Alternating between isometric actions of the agonist and antagonist.
Shake weights

Question 23

Slow Reversal

Answer 23

Concentric actions of antagonist followed by concentric action of agonist.
Flex bicep, flex tricep.

Question 24

Fast Reversal

Answer 24

Concentric action of antagonist followed by concentric action of agonist.
SAME as slow reversal but faster

Question 25

Hold Relax

Answer 25

Isometric action of antagonist followed by relaxion, passive stretching of antagonist

Question 26

Contract Relax

Answer 26

Maximal concentric action of antagonist against resistance, relax, passive movement into ROM

Question 27

Contract Relax Agonist Contract (CRAC)

Answer 27

Reciprocal inhibition

Agonist Contract while stretching antagonist

Question 28

Class 1 Lever

Answer 28

R ^ F
Balanced Movement
Axis close to resistance and force
converts downward movement to upward movement
cervical extension

Question 29

Class 2 lever

Answer 29

^ R F (wheelbarrow)
Move large resistance with little force
move load in same direction as force
small rang of motion
pushup, calf raises

Question 30

class 3 lever

Answer 30

^ F R (tongs)
Produces speed
more movement distally than proximal
^ ROM
elbow, knee flexion

Question 31

Sliding Filament Theory Steps

Answer 31

Ca+ influx binding on exposure sites to actin
Myosin binding to actin
Power stroke of the cross bridges, sliding of the thin filament
Binding ATP to cross bridge, which disconnects from actin
Hydrolysis of ATP - reset
Ca+ goes to sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 32

Contractile Strength Factors

Answer 32

# of motor units
# of motor fibers per unit
length of muscle
direction of motion
speed of contraction

Question 33

SAID

Answer 33

specific adaptations to imposed demands

Question 34

Progressive overload

Answer 34

Continual gains require ever increasing loads. Utilizing FITT principle
Frequency 
Intesity
Time
Type

Question 35

Timeframe of building mm.

Answer 35

Neural adaptation 3-6
Metabolic Adaptation 4-8
Size adaptation 6-8 minimum

Question 36

Exercise order

Answer 36

power
structural/core
assistance

Question 37

Plyometric phases

Answer 37

eccentric- forceful lengthening mm (spindles activated)
amortization- conversion btwn concentric and eccentric (shorter=better
concentric- activation of mm (spindles)

Question 38

karvonen formula

Answer 38

220-Age=Max HR
Max HR-Resting HR=HR Reserve
Reserve x % (40-59 mod. 60-80 int.) + Resting HR