EXAM 1/4 Flashcards
Who is attributed with the phrase “sociology” and being the founder of sociology
August Comte
what phrase did August Comte use, referring to the role of sociologist in new society
“a new priesthood”
Sociology uses science to describe the way things __ not what they __ to be.
are
ought/should
sociology claims to be a __ which utilizes a specific method to discover social truths
science
What is the definition and difference between facts and values as well as what belongs within each category.
FACTS: must be measurable Particular Thing Noun objective, verifiable, physical VALUE: is metaphysical, not scientific Metaphysical Immeasurable Qualitative rather than quantitative subjective, unverifiable, metaphysical
Social Facts
A social fact is every way of acting, fixed or not, capable of exercising on the individual external constraint
What difference between applied and basic/ pure sociology?
BASIC: describing what is, not what ought to be
- Basic / pure sociology describes what is
APPLIED: what is and what ought to be done
- Applied sociology seeks social change
What is the sociological imagination and/or perspective?
The ability to take a second look at the “world taken for granted,” enabling an individual to see him/herself within a social context.
Look again at Colossians 2:8 and the idea behind “rudiments” or stoicheion. What is the idea there?
Rudiments- any first thing, from which the others belonging to some series or composite
- SPIRIT SYSTEM
What is anthropology? Why is it important to understand biblically? (“We need to take biblical anthropology seriously.” — Bobby Killmon)
1) study of man
2) IF YOU MISUNDERSTAND MAN, YOU MISUNDERSTAND HOW SOCIAL ORDER
1) Know what man’s basic nature is according to Genesis chapters 1 - 3.
2) Where do we find that man is made in the image of God?
3) In what chapter is the Fall of man?
1) made in the image of God
2) GEN 1:26-27
3) CHAPTER 3
what does empiricism mean?
all knowledge must be derived from scientific observation
Know what the scientific method is, what it requires. i.e. observable, repeatable, testable, falsifiable
The scientific method provides a systematic, organized steps that help ensure objectivity and consistency
What is the definition of culture?
a society’s way of life, consisting of beliefs, values, norms, and symbols
Definitions for the Structural-Functional Perspective (Chapter 2 of textbook)
-what are some of the pictures to help you visualize this perspective?
1)
- Society is a system of interconnected parts
- Society orders itself to promote a balance (equilibrium) among the various components.
- Each part has a function.
2) a machine
How ought Christians to view sociological data? Even if we work with an existing perspective, what must we always do?
through APT
- Acknowledge scientific data
- Interpret that data through a Christian framework
What is social location?
where an individual stands socially in their community
- i.e. status, legitimacy, popularity, family, money, education, prestige
What is milieu?
a person’s social environment
Does the Christian believe in the social construction of reality? Do we believe that people (at least in part) construct reality from their perceptions?
no
our perceptions do not construct reality, that is postmodernism
Would the Christian go so far as to believe in a sociological determinism, that society constructs reality in total?
- We don’t treat one another as determinist beings
2. God doesn’t treat us as determinist beings
What did enlightenment thinkers (such as Locke and Rousseau) conceive man’s basic nature as?
blank and basically good
What is socialization? What are the primary agents of socialization listed in your chapter four reading
Socialization is a lifelong process, as long as there are new roles to learn and old ones to
- family
- peer group
- mass media
- school
- church/ religion
Man is fallen, what does that mean for man in terms of being made in the image of God? Is the image broken? Undone? Revoked? Marred or tainted?
the image is distorted
Where does Rousseau place the blame for evil in the world?
society
“MAN IS BORN PURE, IT IS SOCIETY THAT CORRUPTS.”- ROUSSEAU
A social fact is every way of ___,___ or not, capable of ____ on the individual ____ ____
acting, fixed
exercising
external constraint
what belongs with FACT
particular
thing
noun
what belongs with VALUE
Metaphysical
Immeasurable
Qualitative rather than quantitative
what applied to social FACTS
Scientific method applied to social facts
what ought relates to
VALUE
what is relates to
FACTS
Will our theology affect our sociology? Can we avoid that? Remember, “Your worldview informs your world order.”
Yes it does. No we cannot avoid that.
Does the Christian believe in the social construction of reality? Do we believe that people (at least in part) construct reality from their perceptions?
No, our perceptions do not construct reality, that is postmodernism
