EXAM 1

Question 1

What is the coiled structure that sits on top of the testes and is the place where sperm mature?

Answer 1

Epididymis

Question 2

Which term refers to the penis and scrotum?

Answer 2

External genitals

Question 3

Which structure carries both urine and semen?

Answer 3

Urethra

Question 4

Which cells secrete testosterone?

Answer 4

Interstitial cells of the testes

Question 5

What state is caused by the filling of erectile tissue with blood?

Answer 5

Erection

Question 6

Which hormone is also called interstitial cell-stimulating hormone and stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone?

Answer 6

LH

Question 7

Implantation of the trophoblast occurs within which organ?

Answer 7

Uterus

Question 8

What structure consists of a midpiece, head, and flagellum?

Answer 8

Sperm

Question 9

On what organ is the corpus luteum found?

Answer 9

Ovaries

Question 10

IF implantation occurs within the fallopian tube, the pregnancy is best described as what?

Answer 10

Ectopic

Question 11

Review the external genitalia for the male and the female

Answer 11

?

Question 12

What is the target of FSH and LH?

Answer 12

Gonads (testes or ovaries)

Question 13

Which hormone promotes the maturation of the egg and helps develop the female characteristics?

Answer 13

Estrogen

Question 14

What is the primary secretion of the corpus luteum?

Answer 14

Progesterone

Question 15

What is the midcycle event stimulated by a surge of LH?

Answer 15

Ovulation

Question 16

What is the uterine lining called that is most responsive to the hormonal effects of estrogen and progesterone?

Answer 16

Endometrium

Question 17

Which structure is the major producer of testosterone in the male?

Answer 17

Testes

Question 18

What is the consequence of severing the vas deferens?

Answer 18

Sterility

Question 19

What factors explain why the pregnant woman does not menstruate?

Answer 19

Implantation > produces HCG > keeps corpus luteum alive

Question 20

What is in the “pill” that makes it contraceptive?

Answer 20

Estrogen and progesterone (increase in these hormones prohibit ovulation from happening)

Question 21

Which structure is commonly called the bag of waters?

Answer 21

Amniotic sac

Question 22

What is the outer extaembryonic membrane that forms finger-like projections called villi and helps form the placenta?

Answer 22

Chorion

Question 23

What is a disc like structure where the fetal and maternal circulations meet (baby eats, excretes, and breathes at this site)?

Answer 23

Placenta

Question 24

Which cream cheese-like substance is secreted by baby’s sebaceous glands and protects the skin from the amniotic fluid?

Answer 24

Vernix caseosa

Question 25

What is the name of the fine downy hair that covers the fetus?

Answer 25

Lanugo

Question 26

What is the name of the yellowish watery fluid secreted by the mammary glands immediately after delivery (baby is nourished on this until the mother's milk comes in)

Answer 26

Colostrum

Question 27

What factors are most related to fertilization?

Answer 27

?

Question 28

What factors are most related to implantation?

Answer 28

?

Question 29

What is the description of a zygote?

Answer 29

Fertilized ovum. 46 chromosomes

Question 30

To what structure is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) most related?

Answer 30

trophoblasts (Level of hormones suppresses ovulation)

Question 31

A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that the baby has dropped and she is having urinary frequency again. The nurse recognizes this as?

Answer 31

Lightening

Question 32

How to Braxton-Hicks contractions differ from labor contractions?

Answer 32

Irregular, do no dilate cervix

Question 33

How does the nurse differentiate true labor from false labor?

Answer 33

Contractions vary in length and intensity, stop with ambulation or position change, eventually stop.

Question 34

Why is the size of the true pelvis more important that the size of the false pelvis?

Answer 34

The fetal head must be able to pass through this section of the pelvis for vaginal delivery to occur

Question 35

Which part of the uterus provides the force during a contraction?

Answer 35

Upper section, thickened muscular

Question 36

What is the largest diameter of the fetal skull?

Answer 36

Bi parietal measurment

Question 37

The nurse teaches a group of primigravidas that during delivery, pressure on the fetal skull may produce changes in the shape of the skull called?

Answer 37

Molding

Question 38

Know the differences between fetal attitude, lie, presentation, position.

Answer 38

Attitude: the relationship of fetal body parts to one another Lie: is the relationship of the cephalocaudal (head to butt) axis of the fetus to the cephalocaudal axis of the mother Presentation: that part of the fetus (head, face, breech, or shoulders) that first enters the pelvis that will be in contact with the cervix Position: the relationship of the presenting fetal part to a quadrant of the maternal pelvis

Question 39

Given a scenario regarding Leopold's maneuvers, determine the fetal position.

Answer 39

butt is soft, head is hard, nodules are limps

Question 40

How frequently should the nurse monitor FHTs during the second stage of labor?

Answer 40

Every 5 minuets

Question 41

Know the descriptions of early, late, and variable decelerations and the meaning of each.

Answer 41

Early: caused by pressure on fetal skull Late: caused by decreased oxygen and blood flow to fetus through the placenta Variable: caused by compression on the umbilical cord

Question 42

Know appropriate nursing interventions for each stage of labor.

Answer 42

?

Question 43

When monitoring the fetal heart rate, the nurse recognizes indications that the FHR is nonreassuring. This indicates to the nurse that the fetus is experiencing fetal distress most likely related to?

Answer 43

Hypoxia

Question 44

Know characteristics of a reassuring fetal heart rate.

Answer 44

120-160 BPM

Question 45

What is the first thing a nurse should do when the patient's membranes rupture?

Answer 45

Listen to fetal heart rate

Question 46

What immediate actions does the nurse take for a prolapsed umbilical cord?

Answer 46

Reposition mother (knees to chest)

Question 47

What is the nurse's responsibilities as they relate to fetal monitoring?

Answer 47

For signs of distress and intervening.

Question 48

Why is exposure to German measles a problem in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 48

Teratogen

Question 49

What protects the fetus most from bacterial infections?

Answer 49

Placental barrier

Question 50

Know how to use Nagele's rule to determine the estimated date of birth

Answer 50

Subtract 3 months, add 7 days, add 1 year

Question 51

Know the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy

Answer 51

Presumptive: amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting, frequent urination, breast changes, change in the shape of the abdomen, quickening, skin changes, Chadwick's sign (Blue color to vagina or cervix) Probable: Enlargement of the uterus, positive pregnancy test Positive signs: Positive signs are those that occur only with pregnancy and are not present at any other time

Question 52

What is/are the cause/s of increased frequency of urination during early pregnancy?

Answer 52

Pressure of enlarging uterus

Question 53

What advice should the nurse give the pregnant woman about sexual activity during pregnancy?

Answer 53

Stop sexual activity if there is bleeding.

Question 54

Know how to determine GTPAL

Answer 54

G Gravida Pregnancies T Term > 37 wks P Preterm >20 wk-36 6/7 wk A Abortion

Question 55

How long do maternal antibodies protect the baby after birth?

Answer 55

6 mo

Question 56

What are measures to relieve nausea during early pregnancy?

Answer 56

small frequent meals, high carb snacks. eat crackers before getting out of bed.

Question 57

During pregnancy an increase in circulating blood volume causes a reduction in what blood component?

Answer 57

Iron

Question 58

What nursing interventions are indicated for increased urinary frequency during late pregnancy?

Answer 58

Lie down on side, don't limit fluids, keep hydrated

Question 59

Know the danger signals of pregnancy?

Answer 59

?

Question 60

What nursing intervention would be helpful for a patient at 32 weeks pregnancy who is having difficulty sleeping?

Answer 60

Drink warm milk before bed

Question 61

What are the dangers of smoking to a pregnant woman's baby?

Answer 61

Smoking = small baby or low birth weight

Question 62

What is a test to determine fetal lung maturity called?

Answer 62

Amniocentesis/LS Ratio

Question 63

How should a woman modify her diet during pregnancy?

Answer 63

?

Question 64

KNow what is carried via umbilical veins and arteries.

Answer 64

2 arteries to placenta; 1 vein to baby

Question 65

During labor, the patient screams at her husband to get out of her sight. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to do what?

Answer 65

Comfort husband, inform him this is a normal reaction and to not take it personal

Question 66

What does it mean for the baby to be engaged?

Answer 66

Movement of baby down into the pelvis

Question 67

Know the stages of labor

Answer 67

First Stage: Dilation Second Stage: Delivery of the Fetus Third Stage: Delivery of the Placenta Fourth Stage: Stabilization

Question 68

Why is oxytocin administered after delivery of the placenta

Answer 68

contractions, prevents hemorrhaging

Question 69

Know how to determine an APGAR score

Answer 69

1-10 plus or minus 2 for each part

Question 70

What all can an amniocentesis determine?

Answer 70

Chromosomal abnormalities