exam 1 Flashcards
Inferior constrictor muscle
O: cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage
I: pharyngeal raphe
N: vagus nerve (CN X) via the pharyngeal plexus and external laryngeal nerve
F: contracts the pharynx during swallowing
Middle constrictor muscle
O: the greater and lesser horns of the hyoid bone
I: pharyngeal raphe
N: vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
F: contracts the pharynx during swallowing
Superior constrictor muscle
O: medial ptergoid plate, alveolar part of mandible, side of tongue
I: pharungeal raphe
N: vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
F: contracts the pharynx during swallowing
Stylopharyngeus muscle
O: styloid process
I: thyroid cartilage, some fibers blend with those of the constrictors
N: glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
F: elevates the pharynx
Palatopharyngeus muscle
O: soft palate
I: wall of pharynx, thyroid cartilage
N: vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
F: elevates pharynx, narrows oropharynx
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
O: torus tubarius and opening of pharyngotympanic tube
I: wall of pharynx
N: vagus nerve vial the pharyngeal plexus
F: elevates the pharynx, pens pharyngotympanic tube
Platysma
O: superficial fascia over the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
I: lower border of the mandible and the angle of the mouth
N: cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
F: depresses the mandible and draws down the corner of the mouth
Sternocleidomastoid
O:Sternal head from the front of the manubrium, clavicular head from the medial third of the clavicle
I: Lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral half of the superior nuchal line
N: accessory nerve (CN XI)
F: chief flexor of the head
Trapezius
O: external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae
I: the lateral third of the clavicle, spine of the scapula, and the acromion process
N: accessory nerve and C3 and C4 from the cervical plexus
F: the upper portion elevates, the middle portion retracts, and the lower portion depresses the scapula
Omohyoid
O: the inferior belly of omohyoid originates from the upper border of the scapula. It ends in an intermediate tendon located deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The superior belly of omohyoid extends upward from this tendon
I: the body of the hyoid bone
N: ansa cervicalis (C1,2,3)
F: depresses the hyoid bone and larynx
Sternohyoid
O: the posterior surface of the manubrium, and the medial end of the clavicle
I: the body of the hyoid bone
N: ansa cervicalis
F: depresses the hyoid bone and larynx
Sternothyroid
O: the posterior surface of the manubrium, inferior to the origin of the sternohyoid
I: the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage
N: ansa cervicalis
F: depresses the larynx
Thyrohyoid
O: the oblique line on the lamina of the thyroid cartilage
I: the body of the hyoid bone
N: C1 through they hypoglossal nerve
F: depresses the hyoid bone
Digastric muscle
O: posterior belly from the mastoid process, anterior belly from the digastric fossa
I: both bellies “insert” into the hyoid bone by an intermediate tendon which connects them together. The intermediate tendon is strapped to the hyoid bone by a fibrous loop N: posterior belly by the cervical branch of the facial nerve, anterior belly by the nerve to mylohyoid
F: elevates the hyoid bone and depresses the mandible when the hyoid is fixed
Mylohyoid muscle
O: mylohyoid line
I: body of hyoid bone, median raphe
N: nerve to mylohyoid
F: elevates hyoid bone and floor of the mouth
