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Psychology For Non-Majors > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Good science is:

A

Testable, data driven and public

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1
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A testable prediction that gives direction to research

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2
Q

What is a null hypothesis?

A

There is no significant difference between specified populations

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3
Q

What is the function of a dendrite?

A

To receive incoming signals from other neurons

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4
Q

When you feel no pain after a long painful exercise what chemical in the brain could be responsible?

A

Endorphins

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5
Q

The reuptake of a neurotransmitter would involve the reabsorption into a what?

A

The Sending neuron

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6
Q

The most extensive regions of the brain, which enable learning and memory, are called the:

A

Association areas

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7
Q

An impaired use of language is known as:

A

Aphasia

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8
Q

What is brain plasticity?

A

The brains ability to change neural pathways and synapses due to behavior, environment, thinking or bodily injury/surgeries

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9
Q

What nervous system is the somatic nervous system a part of?

A

Peripheral

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10
Q

What is the somatic nervous system?

A

Controls voluntary movement

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11
Q

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Controls automatic responses

Fight or flight

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12
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Often called the rest and digest system.

Helps to control automatic digestion and rest

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13
Q

What are epigenetics?

A

The study of changes in organism caused by gene expression rather than genetic code

(Genes showing up in one sibling and not the other)

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14
Q

Know CR, CS, UCR, UCS

A

Conditioned response
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
Unconditioned stimulus

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15
Q

What is classical conditioning?

A

An association made between a neutral stimulus and a naturally occurring response that is now invoked by the stimulus

16
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

The probability of a response is increased or decreased due to reinforcement or punishment

17
Q

Who did the little Albert study?

A

Watson

18
Q

Who highlighted the importance if observational learning?

A

Bandura

19
Q

What is the definition of cognition?

A

The mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating.

20
Q

What is algorithm in the study of psychology?

A

Systematically testing every possible solution to a problem

21
Q

What does heuristic mean?

A

A thinking strategy that allows us to make judgement and solve problems

22
Q

What is representativeness Heuristic judgment?

A

Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well it is represented compared to our prototype of it

23
Q

What is Availability Heuristic?

A

Estimating the likelihood if events based on their availability in our memory

24
Q

What is the hippocampus?

A

Located in limbic system

Processes memories for storage

25
Q

What is semantic encoding?

A

The processing of information into the memory according to its meaning

26
Q

What is the Spacing effect?

A

Ability to have long-term retention in learning things a little bit at a time over a long period

27
Q

What is it called when you organize information into meaningful units in the brain?

A

Chunking

28
Q

What are explicit memories?

A

Facts, including names, images and events

29
Q

What is flashbulb memory?

A

Unusually vivid memory of an emotionally important moment in one’s life

30
Q

What is Iconic memory?

A

Visual sensory memory consisting of a photographic memory

31
Q

What is Long-term potentiation (LTP)?

A

Believed to be the neural basis for learning and memory

32
Q

What are Mnemonics?

A

Memory aids that often use visual imagery

33
Q

What is Retroactive interference?

A

The disruptive effect of something recently learned on old knowledge

Psychology For Non-Majors (1 decks)

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