Exam 1 Flashcards
Top 5 Strengths
Positivity Adaptability Patience Reliability Independence
Theories of Social Work
Human Behavior and Social Environment (rooted in psychology and sociology)
Person-In-Environment
General Systems Theory
Ecological Model
Social workers primary functions
To restore- counseling
To provide- shelter, job placement, AFDC
To prevent- assertiveness/anger management training, education, parenting skills training
Psychiatry and social work
Frequently part of the same treatment team
Psychiatry deals with treatment of illness “pathology” using the medical model vs. social work focuses on strengths, development of potential, and resources to treat problem
Psychiatrists can prescribe medication, social workers can only recommend
Psychology and social work
Often members of the same team
Psychology is the science of the mind- seeks to study, explain, and change behavior
Psychologists are primary testing professionals
Both psychologists and social workers can and do provide counseling services
Counseling and social work
School counselor, marriage and family therapist, mental health counselor, addiction therapist
All require Masters degrees
Difference in course concentration
Main social work definition
Social work seeks to enhance the social functioning of individuals, singly and in groups, by activities focused upon their social relationships which constitute the interactions between man and his environment (PIE)
Is the relationship between the client and social worker the foundation/key?
Yes
Origin of social welfare/social work
Has existed since the beginning of human life
European influence (1572)
Elizabethan Poor laws
Jane Addams
Elizabethan poor laws
Several laws passed which provided basis for public social welfare in England
Deter people from openly begging
Moved aiding the poor away from the church’s responsibility to the secular system
Social work roots in US
1662- opening of the first almshouse in Massachusetts
1877- established first Charity Organization Society (COS)- result of hardship of 1873
Almshouse
“Poor house”
A house in which poor or disabled people were able to live (those that could not afford housing)
Jane Addams
Hull House (1889)- cofounded with Ellen Gates
1st social settlement home- in neighborhood of need
Strong combination of professional interventions and structured research
Addams is credited for establishing a specific basis for American Social Work
Volunteerism organizations
Peace Corps
AmeriCorps VISTA
Peace Corps (1961)
Enlists volunteers for a 2 year commitment
As the preeminent international service organization of the United States, the Peace Corps sends Americans abroad to tackle the most pressing needs of people around the world. Peace Corps volunteers work at the grassroots level toward sustainable change that lives on long after their service…
AmeriCorps VISTA
Domestic version of Peace Corps
Engages more than 75,000 Americans in intensive service each year
Where: nonprofits, schools, public agencies, and community and faith-based groups across the country
Medicaid
Healthcare for low-income citizens and some non-citizens
Coverage for almost 60 million Americans
Children, pregnant women, and individuals with disabilities
Negative Income Tax
2 tax credits program through IRS
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
Child Tax Credit
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Food program for low-income individuals
Formerly known as the food stamp program
Housing Assistance
Housing programs under the Dept. of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Rental assistance, public housing, grants, etc.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Cash to low-income individuals
Over 65 years of age
Under 65 if individual is blind or disabled
Pell Grants
Grant program administered by Dept. of Education to distribute up to $5,550 to students of low-income households to promote post-secondary education
Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF)
Combined federal and state program that pays cash to low-income families with the goal of moving individuals from welfare to work
Child Nutrition
Food programs administered by USDA
School lunch, breakfast, after school snacks
Provide free or reduced meals
Head Start
Administered by US Dept. of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Promotes school readiness of children under 5 from low-income families through education, health, social and other services
Job Training Programs
Training programs administered by the Department of Labor
Teach job skills training, provide job placement
18 years or older
Services provided through local One Stop Career Centers
Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Provides healthy food to pregnant women and children up to age 5 from low-income households
Child Care
Under HHS, provides grant monies to state, local and private agencies who administer child care programs to low-income families
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
HHS program that aids low-income households that pay a high proportion of income towards home energy (heating or cooling)
Lifeline (Obama Phone)
Federal Communications Commission provides discounted phone servicing, including cell phones to low-income individuals
Goal for social work education
To prepare competent and effective professionals
To develop social work knowledge
To provide leadership in service delivery systems
KSA- knowledge/skills/abilities
CSWE
Governing body, oversees social work programs
National association
Mission: to ensure and enhance the quality of social work education for professional practice
Sets and maintains national accreditation standards for baccalaureate and master’s degree programs in social work
Promoting faculty development
Advocating for social work education and research
Systems for change
Client system- people who benefit from change system
Change agent system- individual who initiates the change
Action system- people who are going to make the situation better
Target system- individual, group, or community to be changed or influenced
Generalist practice main focus
Multiperson systems
Eclectic base of practice
Basic, generic knowledge, skills, values in order to work with various populations
Main premise:
Empowerment process- focus on client strengths, not weakness or pathology
Assess and utilize strengths and abilities within client and resources available to them
Micro system
Refers to an individual and incorporates the biological, psychological, and social systems that impact the individual
Mezzo system
Refers to small groups that impact the individual such as the family, work groups, and other social groups
Macro system
Refers to groups and systems that are larger than families
Organizations, institutions, community, culture
Erik Erickson’s Psychosocial Development Model
Trust vs. Mistrust- infant Autonomy vs. shame and doubt- toddler Initiative vs. guilt- preschool Industry vs. inferiority- grade schooler Identity vs. role confusion- teenager Intimacy vs. isolation- young adult Generativity vs. stagnation- middle age adult Integrity vs. despair- older adult
Many different roles that social workers occupy
Case manager Group facilitator Clinician Enabler Broker Advocate Negotiator and mediator Community developer Activist Educator Researcher Speaker Counselor Policy maker
Framework for social work with individuals
Purpose Values Knowledge Methods Needed for social work practice with individuals
Purpose
Reason
Prevent and improve poor conditions
Identify and resolve problems in relationships
Strengthen and maximize potential
Values
Attitudes
Inherent worth/value and importance of each individual
Self-determination
Interdependence between individual and society
Knowledge
Understanding
Theory- theory applied becomes practice theory
Research
Science (psychology, biology, social sciences)
Community resources
Methods
Application
Levels of sanctions
Various governments (federal and state) -By-laws and statues -Title Protection Act -Licensing -Certification Private agencies
6 Models of practice
Psychosocial model Functional model Problem-solving model Behavioral model Task-centered casework Generalist practice model
Psychosocial model
Oldest model
Emphasis on cause and effect relationships between individual and environment
Functional model
Function of time, use of agency
Avoidance of diagnostic categories/labeling
Problem-solving model
Investment in tasks related to solving the problem
Mobilize inner and outer forces
Behavioral model
Pavlov and Skinner
Modifying problematic behavior
Task-centered casework
Short-term and time-limited
Collaborative process between client and caseworker
Tasks assigned and work centers around completion of tasks
Generalist practice model
Rooted in problem solving
Systems and/or P-I-E perspective
Widely used and approved by CSWE
Phases/processes of social work
Study
Assessment
Intervention
Termination
Study
Phase of identifying the presenting problem
Key is engagement
Interaction and participation of client is primary
Decision by client whether he/she will enter treatment
Client view is most important
Data gathering and history obtained
Assessment
Begins with the statement of the problem
Continues throughout therapeutic process and is fluid, dynamic, and ever-changing
Includes recognition of strengths and limitations
Workers and clients effort to fully understand the problem
Intervention
Begins with first contact
Intervention is determined by client (needs, strengths, resources)
Qualities of social worker to include warmth, genuineness and congruence
Should strengthen the client’s ego (self-esteem, confidence, etc)
Termination
Process of intervention Termination planning is crucial Time to reflect on change and growth Reassures clients readiness to function Shift of responsibility occurs
Is it true that assessment, study and all studies happen together throughout treatment?
Yes
