Exam 1 Flashcards
0
Q
what is the data gathering phase of the nursing process?
A
nursing assessment
1
Q
a process that evaluates or appraises the needs, preferences, and abilities of a patient
A
nursing assessment
2
Q
the purpose of an assessment is to gather data to make a good nursing ________
A
diagnosis
3
Q
what is the most important phase of the nursing process?
A
assessment
4
Q
what is the first phase of the nursing process?
A
assessment
5
Q
what is the first phase in the decision making process (nursing process) and is a learned skill?
A
assessment
6
Q
what the person says about himself or herself during history taking. What type of data?
A
subjective data
7
Q
what you as the health professional observe by inspecting, percussing, palpating, and auscultating during the physical examination. what type of data?
A
objective data
8
Q
what is the process of analyzing health data and drawing conclusions to identify diagnoses?
A
diagnostic reasoning
9
Q
what type of process is this:
- attending to initially available cues
- formulating diagnostic hypotheses
- gathering data relative to the tentative hypotheses
- evaluating each hypothesis with the new data collected, thus arriving at a final diagnosis
A
Hypothetico-deductive process
10
Q
What are the interchangable terms for nursing assessment?
A
- nursing assessment
- health assessment
- comprehensive assessment
- holistic assessment
11
Q
information that we get from the patient and family perspective. We’re only asking questions, not doing anything to our patient
A
historical assessment
12
Q
includes asking more questions and using a hands-on approach; biological and physiological aspects using our senses (eyes, ears, touch, nose), during an exam
A
physical assessment
13
Q
ask the patient about drugs that they’re taking (usually like to see the drugs)
A
pharmacological assessment
14
Q
what type of drugs should be included in the pharmacological assessment?
A
- prescription drugs
- over the counter (OTC) drugs
- self treatement with herbs and supplements
15
Q
what type of assessment: mental status, ability to cope, support systems
A
psychological assessment
16
Q
how do we do a psychological status assessment on every patient?
A
conversation
17
Q
How do we find out specific things during our psychological assessment?
A
ask specific questions
18
Q
what does a psychological assessment tell us about our patient?
A
they are oriented, they are know who they are, they have an adequate short term memory, if they can cope with stress, and about their support systems
19
Q
what type of assessment allows us to determine the patient’s family structure, certain roles the patient may play in their life (mom, dad, doctor, lawyer), hobbies, education, socioeconomic status, violence assessment, and substance abuse
A
social assessment
20
Q
what type of assessment?
- includes intimate partners, children, and elders
- effects on health
- abuse assessment screen (AAS)
A
domestic violence assessment
21
Q
child abuse and neglect are defined at which two levels?
A
federal and state
22
Q
_______ dictates the minimum standards that must be incorporated into the state statues. (concerning chid abuse)
A
The child abuse and prevention treatment act
23
Q
failure to provide for a child’s basic needs (physical, emotional, medical, and educational)
A
neglect
24
physical injury due to punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning, shaking, or otherwise harming a child. (even if the parent or caregiver did not intend to harm the child, such acts are considered abuse)
physical abuse
25
this abuse includes fondling a child's genitals, incest, penetration, rape, sodomy, indecent exposure, and commercial exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornographic materials
sexual abuse
26
this abuse: any pattern of behavior that harms a child's emotional development or sense of self worth.
includes: belittling, threats, and withholding love and support
emotional abuse
27
what type of abuse:
intentional actions that cause harm or create serious risk of harm (whether or not harm is intended) to a vulnerable elder by a caregiver or person who stands in a trust relationship to the elder,
or
failure by a caregiver to satisfy the elder's basic needs or to protect the elder from harm
elder abuse
28
How many women in the united states report being physically and/or sexually assaulted by an intimate partner annually?
1 million
29
Who are women more likely to be physically or sexually assaulted by: a current or former significant other or an aquaintance, family member, friend, stranger?
current or former significant other
30
the most obvious health problem for abused women is ______
injury
31
what type of injuries are caused by blunt, squeezing, and/or sharp mechanisms of injury
cutaneous injury
32
what is the most common type of injury involving intimate partner violence?
blunt-force
33
what is the most common mechanism for blunt force trauma experienced in intimate partner violence?
struck by a hand (open or closed)
34
when a blunt injury causes tear to the skin it is referred to as:
lacerations
35
when a sharp object slices through the tissue, the wound would best be described as ?
a cut or incision
36
______ can be caused by the manual compression of the neck by any body part (usually hands) or by tightening a cordlike object around the neck
strangulation
37
what health issues are found more in abused women than non abused women?
neurological, gastrointestinal, gynecological symptoms, and chronic pain
38
what type of women visit health care facilities frequently and occur more healthcare costs?
abused
39
in terms of mental health abused women suffer with ________ more than non-abused women
depression, suicidal thoughts, and post traumatic stress disorder
40
the forced sex that accompanies physical abuse in 40-45% of the cases contributes to a host of reproductive health problems which include: (List all)
chronic pelvis pain, unintended pregnancy, STI, and UTI
41
what are some signs of elder abuse?
marked fluctuations of high blood pressure and pulse rate; localized infections; dehydration; malnutrition
(marked fluctuations of high blood pressure and pulse rate are from physical abuse which will cause significant changes in the circulatory system- this can lead to shock and then death)
( localized infections can become general sepsis and then death, particularly in immunocompromised patients)
(neglect is manifested through the patient by dehydration and malnutrition)
42
what are some signs of child abuse?
immediate signs: bruises, fractures, lacerations, inflicted trauma brain injury (shaken baby syndrome)
severe maltreatment can lead to: death, mental retardation, blindness, and physical disability
ongoing child maltreatment can lead to physical and chemical changes in the brain
43
what is reported to be the most consistent predictor of youth violence?
child abuse
44
children who are abused are ____ times more likely to be arrested for a violent crime as a juvenile
11
45
children who are abused are ____ times more likely to be arrested for violent crimes as an adult
2.7
46
approximately _____ of abused children will abuse their own children
1/3
47
How many people in drug treatment programs report being abused as a child?
two out of three
48
a wound caused by rubbing the skin or mucous membranes
abrasion
49
the tearing away of a structure or part
avulsion
50
superficial discoloration due to hemorrhage into the tissues from ruptured vessels beneath the skin surface, without the skin itself beng broken
bruise or contusion
51
a bruise; injury to the tissues without breakage of the skin; blood from broken blood vessels accumulate, producing pain, swelling, and tenderness
contusion
52
a hemorrhage spot or blotch, larger than petechial, in the skin or mucous membrane, forming a non-elevated, rounded or regular, blue or purplish patch
ecchymosis
53
a localized collection of extravasated blood, usually clotted in an organ, place, or tissue
Hematoma
54
the escape of blood from a ruptured vessel, which can be external, internal, and/or into the skin or other organs
Hemorrhage
55
a cut or wound made by a sharp instrument; the act of cutting
incision
56
the act of tearing or splitting; a wound produced by the tearing and/or splitting the body tissues; usually from blunt impact over bony surface
laceration
57
a broad term referring to any pathologic or traumatic discontinuity of tissue or loss of function of a part
lesion
58
an injury caused by an object that leaves a distinct pattern on the skin and/or organ (ex: being whipped with an extension cord) or an injury caused by a unique mechanism of injury
patterned injury
59
injuries; usually bruising and fractures, in various stages of healing
pattern of injuries
60
minute, pinpoint, non-raised, perfectly round, purplish red spots caused by intradermal or submucosal hemorrhage, which later turn blue or yellow
petechiae
61
the act of piercing or penetrating with a pointed object or instrument
puncture
62
a penetrating, sharp, cutting injury that is deeper than it is wide
stab wound
63
loss of hair from pulling and yanking or by other traumatic means
traumatic alopecia
64
a general term referring to bodily injury caused by physical means
wound
65
how many americans ages 12 and up use and abuse alcohol?
half
66
what type of disease is alcohol dependence or alcoholism?
chronic progressive disease
67
is alcoholism curable?
no, but it is highly treatable
68
what is needed in order for the nurse to provide advice, brief intervention appropriate treatment, and follow up?
accurate diagnosis
69
loss or abnormality of structure or functions (ex: loss of an arm)
impairment
70
lack of ability to perform activity in a way that is considered normal
disability
71
disadvantage caused by an impairment that interferes with a person's normal role
handicap
72
legal disability refers to inability to provide for basic needs
incapacity
73
behavior or conditions that impair a person's ability to do ADLs (ex: cannot feel themselves)
functional limitation
74
basic tasks necessary for living such as feeding, bathing, and walking
ADLs
75
these are life management tasks, such as shopping, telephone use,and laundering
IADLs
76
the balance of a person, both within one's being- physical, mental, and/or spiritual- and in the outside world- natural, communal, and/or metaphysical, is a complex interrelated phenomenon
health
77
the loss of a person's balance, both within one's being- physical, mental, and/or spiritual- and in the outside world- natural, communal, and/or metaphysical
illness
78
largest, fastest growing race
hispanics
79
all persons who were granted lawful permanent residence
legal resident
80
the conferring, by any means, of citizenship upon a person after birth
naturalization
81
an alien who seeks temporary entry to the US for a specific purpose
non-immigrant
82
an alien, appearing to be inadmissible to the inspecting officer, allowed into the US for urgent humanitarian reasons or when the alien entry is determined to be for a significant public benefit
parolee
83
an alien admitted to the US as a lawful permanent resident
permanent resident alien
84
a person who is outside his/ her country of nationality who is unable or unwilling to return to that country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution
refugee
85
under provisions of civil rights act of 1964, when people with LEP seek health care in health care settings, services cannot be denied
limited english proficiency
86
the unusual and disproportionate frequency of a given health problem within a population when compared with other populations
(ex: US and heart disease)
health disparity
87
a concept that describes professional health care that is culturally sensitive, appropriate and consent
cultural care
88
implies that caregivers possess some basic knowledge of and constructive attitudes toward the diverse cultural populations found in the setting in which they are practicing
culturally sensitive
89
implies that caregivers apply the underlying background knowledge that must be possessed to provide a given person with the best possible health care
culturally appropriate
90
implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the individual's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and cultural similarities and differences
culturally competent
91
a concept that describes "the degree to which one's lifestyle reflects his or her respective American Indian tribal culture".
heritage consistency
92
living within the norms of the traditional culture
traditional heritage consistency
93
acculturated to the norms of the dominant society
modern heritage consistency
94
the thoughts, communications, actions, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. It is the complex whole in which each part is related to every other part
culture
95
pertains to a social group within the social system that claims to possess variable traits such as a common geographic origin, migratory status, religion, race, language, shared values, traditions, or symbols and food preferences
ethnicity
96
the third major component of a person's heritage. it is a belief in a divine or superhuman power or powers to be obeyed and worshipped as the creators and rulers of the universe
religion
97
borne out of each person's unique life experiences and his or her personal effort to find purpose and meaning in life
spirituality
98
the process of being raised within a culture and acquiring the characteristics of that group
socialization
99
the process of adapting to and acquiring another culture
acculturation
100
the process by which a person develops a new cultural identity and becomes like the members of the dominant culture
assimilation
101
dual pattern of identification and often-divided loyalty
biculturalism
