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Addiction > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Maladaptive pattern of substance use characterized by repeated adverse consequences related to repeated use of the substance

A

Drug Abuse

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1
Q

5 C’s of Addiction

A 
Chronic
Control impairment 
Compulsive
Continued use despite harm
Craving
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2
Q

State of adaptation that is manifested by a drug class-specific withdrawal syndrome that can be produced by abrupt cessation, rapid dose reduction, decreasing blood level of the drug, and/or administration of an antagonist

A

Physical Dependence

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3
Q

State of adaptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that can result in a diminution of one or more of the drugs effects over time

A

Tolerance

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4
Q

Usually predictable, given the pharmacology of the drug

A

Acute Problems

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5
Q

____ abuse of chemical substances can cause a wide array of physical, psychological and psychiatric morbidities. The substance-induced disorders discussed here mainly include _____ & _____.

A

Chronic

Intoxication & Withdrawal

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6
Q

Essential feature of substance dependence…

A

Continued use of a substance despite adverse substance-related problems

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7
Q

Severity of substance use disorder

A

0-1 symptoms = no dgx
2-3 = mild substance use disorder
4-5 = moderate
6+ = severe

Clinicians can also add “in early remission,” “in sustained remission,” “on maintenance therapy” and “in a controlled environment.”

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8
Q

Miosis indicates

A

Opioid

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9
Q

Nystagmus, miosis when severe

A

Sedative hypnotics or anxiolytics

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10
Q

Diaphoresis, flushed face and skin indicate

A

Sedative hypnotics or anxiolytics

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11
Q

Pt who is former alcoholic, should not take…

A

BZDs due to risk of relapse

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12
Q

Alprazolam physical dependence daily dose and time needed to produce dependence

A

8-16 mg x 42 days

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13
Q

Clorazepate physical dependence daily dose and time needed to produce dependence

A

45-180 mg x 42-120 days

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14
Q

Diazepam physical dependence daily dose and time needed to produce dependence

A

10-100 mg x 42-120 days

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15
Q

Alprazolam peak withdrawal symptoms appear in ____ days

A

2-3 days

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16
Q

Clorazepate peak withdrawal symptoms appear in ____ days

A

5-8 days

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17
Q

Diazepam peak withdrawal symptoms appear in ____ days

A

5-8 days

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18
Q

Main ADE we want to prevent when stopping BZDs

A

Seizures

19
Q

How do you stop BZDs?

A
  1. Convert to long half life BZDs (chlordiazepoxide, diazepam)
  2. Taper by 20-25% per week over 2-3 months
  3. Pts who are unable to DC, extend period up to 6 months
20
Q

1 mg alprazolam = _____ mg chlordiazepoxide = ____ mg diazepam

A

25 mg chlordiazepoxide

10 mg diazepam

21
Q

Antiseizure adjuncts for BZD withdrawal

A

Carbamazepine

Valproic Acid

22
Q

Anxiolytic adjuncts for BZD withdrawal

A

Hydroxyzine

Diphenhydramine

23
Q

Drugs to help with insomnia during BZD withdrawal

A

Trazadone
Sedating antidepressant
Diphenhydramine
Hydroxyzine

24
Q

Crushing oxy, OC, opiates, etc and snorting/injecting

A

Immediate narcotic effect lasting 12 hours or more.

Leads to OD and death

25
Q

Street cost for OCs or oxy

A

$1 = 1 mg

26
Q

Supportive therapy for opioid withdrawal

A

Clonidine

Temporary substitution with longer acting opioid

27
Q

Opioid withdrawal symptoms

A

Flu symptoms

28
Q

Outpatient abuse therapy for opioids

A

Methadone

Buprenorphine

29
Q

CAGE tool stands for…

A

Cut-down
Annoyed
Guilty
Eye-opener

30
Q

Standard drink

A

12 oz beer
8 oz wine
1.5 oz 80 proof spirits

31
Q

Recommendations to prevent excessive/risky drinking

A
  • Women 7 or less /week and 3 or fewer /occasion

- Men 14 or less /week and 4 or fewer /occasion

32
Q

Resiliency factors are those which act to:

A

Mitigate or decrease the impact of risk factors

33
Q

Relapse rates for addiction are similar to relapse rates of

A

Diabetes

34
Q

Addiction is a brain disease that is expressed as ______ and _______ behavior.

A

Impulsive and Compulsive

35
Q

Fastest way for cocaine to reach the brain

A

Smoking crack

36
Q

THC acts on…

A

CB-1 in CNS

CB-1 and CB-2 in periphery

37
Q

THC is most concentrated in

A

Flowers of cannabis

38
Q

Acute marijuana intoxication causes

A

Panic reactions

39
Q

Produces use-dependent inhibition of NMDA-glutamate receptors

A

Phencyclidine

40
Q

Angel dust aka

A

Phencyclidine

41
Q

Most widely used sedative hypnotic drug

A

Alcohol

42
Q

Acceptance

A

Experience of a situation without an attempt to change, protest or withdraw

43
Q

Percent of adolescents aged 17-19 can be diagnose with alcohol, tobacco or marijuana dependence

A

1.2-1.6%

44
Q

SBIRT

A 
Screening
Brief
Intervention
Referral
Treatment
45
Q

Specificity

A

True negatives

46
Q

Sensitivity

A

False negatives

Addiction (1 decks)

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