Exam 1

Question 1

sound

Answer 1

an audible disturbance in a medium caused by a vibrating source

Question 2

source

Answer 2

any vibrating object which produces a disturbance of molecules (tuning fork, string on a guitar)

Question 3

medium

Answer 3

a material through which the disturbance can move through (liquid, solid, air)

Question 4

inertia

Answer 4

tendency for motion or lack of motion to continue (body at rest stays at rest unless disturbed by another force)

Question 5

elasticity

Answer 5

force that causes a deformed structure to resume its original shape, inversely proportional with inertia

Question 6

wave

Answer 6

repeating and period disturbance moving through a medium from one location to another

Question 7

period

Answer 7

time needed for a particle on a medium to make one complete vibrational cycle (inversely proportional to frequency)

Question 8

frequency

Answer 8

how often the particles of the medium vibrate (number of cycles in 1 second), physical measure

Question 9

wavelength

Answer 9

physical distance of one complete wave cycle (measured from peak to peak or trough to trough)

Question 10

amplitude

Answer 10

amount of energy carried by a wave (loudness)

Question 11

phase

Answer 11

the point reached by the wave at a particular point in time

Question 12

rarefaction

Answer 12

regions where particles are spread apart (opposite of compression)

Question 13

pure tone

Answer 13

periodic wave with ONE frequency component (tuning fork)F

Question 14

Fourier analysis

Answer 14

demonstrates any complex wave can be represented by the sum of its component frequencies, amplitude and phase

Question 15

resonant frequency

Answer 15

natural frequency of vibration preferred by the vibrating object. easy to get object to vibrate at resonant frequencies, hard at other frequencies

Question 16

pitch

Answer 16

subjective perception of frequency (mels)

Question 17

sound intensity

Answer 17

objective physical measure of sound power per unit

Question 18

loudness

Answer 18

subjective sensation of intensity

Question 19

sound power

Answer 19

(watts) energy of sound per unit of time, indicates strength of sound source

Question 20

resonance

Answer 20

tendency of a system to vibrate with larger amplitude at some frequencies than others

Question 21

larynx

Answer 21

principal structure for producing vibrations of air stream

Question 22

vocal folds

Answer 22

responsible for activating air vibrations

Question 23

Venturi Effect

Answer 23

as gas or liquid flows through a narrow passage, its velocity increases

Question 24

Bernoulli Principle

Answer 24

when velocity of fluid increases, pressure decreases; when velocity decreases, pressure increases

Question 25

source filter theory

Answer 25

theory that source of speech sound is filtered with resonances in supra glottal cavities

Question 26

formants

Answer 26

the resonant frequencies of the vocal tract (the frequencies that resonate the loudest)

Question 27

phonotactics

Answer 27

the description of which sounds can occur together in a real word or syllable of a language