Exam 1 Flashcards
The body must be subjected to weights to which it is not accustomed
Overload
Conditioning is specific to structures and systems which are stressed.
Specificity
If stimuli are removed, changes reverse
Reversibility
SAID
Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands
Dividing training plans into periods, cycles, or segments to prevent staleness and injury, and allow peaking at an optimum point of time
Periodization
The ability to take a joint lever system through a ROM, and the time it takes for that movement.
Flexibility
The ability to exert force
Strength
Training where no change in joint angle or muscle length
Isometric
Training where no change in force
Isotonic (although the definition is not completely true)
The muscle shortens against resistance
Concentric
The muscle lengthens against resistance
Eccentric
Devices that control speed of motion, regardless of force exerted
Isokinetic
Uses glycogen available in muscle tissue before oxygen is available
Anaerobic (lasts 30 secs to 2 min)
Utilizes muscle glycogen after oxygen becomes available
Aerobic (lasts 3 minutes +)
Painful or abrupt onset
Acute
Longstanding recurrent inflammation due to early return or inadequate strength/stability of tissue
Chronic
Inflammation
‘itis
Muscle disruption due to stretch or overuse
Strain
bruise
contusion
complete disruption of two ends of a joint
Dislocation
partial dislocation
subluxation
Inflammation of the membrane around bone
periostitis
Bone fracture tears away from the bone mass
Avulsion
abnormal sensation, tingling or prickling
paresthesia
a blush color of the skin from poor circulation
cyanosis
Muscle spasm due to dehydration or electrolyte imbalance
Heat cramps
Dehydration leading to physiologic change, injury
heat exhaustion
Failure of the thermoregulatory system
heat stroke
PERIL
Pain Edema Redness Increased temp Loss of function
chronic inflammatory response at tendon due to overuse or trauma
tendinitis
chronic microtrauma and degeneration w/o inflammatory response
tendinosis
ligament or joint disruption due to trauma or overuse
sprain
PMS
pulse
motor
sensory
(used to check neuro/circ status after dislocation)
MAPPSS
Mechanism Acute or chronic Prior history Pain Sounds Signs or symptoms (this is a patterned way of checking the history of an injury)
Objective, how the professional interprets information
Sign
Subjective, what the patient reports
Symptom
An instrument for the precise measurement of angles
goniometer
what the examiner feels at the end of the range of motion
end feel
An area of sensation correlated to a spinal segment or nerve root
dermatome
A muscle group correlated to a spinal segment or nerve root
myotome
SOAP
Subjective Objective Assessment Plan (injury assessment and evaluation)
Normal breathing
12-18 breathes a minute
Blue due to decreased oxygen flow
cyanosis
BSS
Bleeding
Spinal injury
Shock
ABC
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
(Primary assessment)
DTR
Deep Tendon Reflex
hypoperfusion - failure of the circulatory system
shock
creaking of the joints
crepitus
discoloration of the skin, usually caused by bruising (not the blue one)
ecchymosis
Causes of shock
loss of fluid (blood and water)
Inability of heart to pump adequately
dilation of blood vessels
PRE
Progressive Resistance Exercise
three sets of ten, change when easy, etc.
