Exam 1 Flashcards
- What group of thief-takers is credited with being the first investigators in history?
Bow street runners in London
- Who is considered to be the world’s first detective?
Eugene Vidocq
What did the Daniel good case lead to?
Detective Branch of Scotland Yard
Using observations that can be used to explain the unknowns that are present in a criminal event by testing them one by one against the known facts that are derived from the available evidence.
investigation principle of logic deduction, Created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in 1887
Who who created IAFIS? What does it mean?
FBI, Integrated Automatic Fingerprint Identification System
What, where, and who first crime lab?
First municipal crime lab was in LAPD, created by August Volmer in 1923
What case led to the discovery of finger print analysis? Whom and when
The pitchfors case, discovered by Sir Alec Jefferys in 1986
Agencies under Home Land Security
- U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
- Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
- U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
- US Secret Service (USSS)
- Office of Inspector General (OIG)
- Federal Protective Service (FPS)
- U.S. Immigration and customs Enforcement (ICE)
“Body of the crime”
Corpus Delicti
After determining that a crime has been committed, investigators need to consider the specific ____ outlined by criminal law.
Elements of the crime
Mental state of having mental awareness that the act most likely will produce a specific outcome
Knowing
Mental state of having mental desire for the act to produce a specific outcome
Purposeful
Mental state during an act
Mens Rea
The act requirement of a crime
Actus Reus
The written portion of a search warrant
Affadavit
Most warrants are…
Knock warrants
Traffic violations or minor offences, where only the act itself is required to imply guilt
Strict Liability Offences
What type of evidence is natural or synthetic?
Abrasive evidence
Something from the Technical Age
The National Crime Information Center in 1967, this was designed as a national clearinghouse of crime related information to assist local and state law enforcement agencies.
CIA means….
Central Intelligence Agency
Members of the investigative team…
- Crime Scene Technician-documents and gathers physical evidence
- Crime Scene Photographer- Take still photos or videos to document position/location of physical evidence
- Dispatcher-Communications personnel
- Patrol Officer- First to respond
- Criminalist-Scientist that works in crime lab
- Forensic Scientist-Analyzes physical crime scene evidence
- Confidential Informant-Inside knowledge of offender
- Others-Emergency response teams
2 of the 5 essential traits of investigators
- Communication- Investigators must know how to communicate clearly to persons of all cultures. Must know when to talk and when to listen
- Ethics- Investigators must always be aware that the consequences of their actions have life changing effects for the person involved
When two objects make contact or an exchange there is always at least a trace of evidence to be found on both objects
Locard’s Exchange Theory
written record that documents the handling of any physical evidence from the time it is collected at the crime scene.
Chain of custody
Formula for Identification
Atleast 2 pieces of class evidence + atleast 1 piece of individual evidence = Identification
Loops %
65
Whorls %
35
soft/porous surfaces
Iodine fuming, ninhydrin, silver nitrate, superglue fuming
Barefoot bandit
Colton Harris-Moore, Left footprints at different crimes that connected him to all of them, he was caught in the Bahamas. Was identified by fingerprints.
How to collect wet blood?
Use sterile absorbent material like cotton swabs or squares. Always wear gloves and tweezers or forceps. Refrigerate or freeze asap. Store in non plastic material.
Original samples of handwriting from a known source such as a suspect or victim.
Exemplers
Cranes, bulldozers, and other heavy equipment are popular targets for intentional destruction via abrasives
monkey wrenching
Crime scene search methods
- Line
- Grid
- Spiral Inner/Outer
- Link
- Zon
- Hybrid
5 Factors in assessing accuracy of eye witnesses
- Age
- Gender
- Race
- Drug/Alcohol Use
- Weapon
DEA used to be
Federal Bureau of Narcotics
Who coined the term criminal investigation?
Hans Gross
What is NIBIN
National Integrated Ballistic Network
