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Chem 115 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Three physical states of matter:

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas

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1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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2
Q

Particles of matter very close and touching.
Not free to move.
Definite volume and shape.
Not compressible.

A

Solid

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3
Q

Particles of matter close and may be touching.
Particles can move past one another.
Definite volume but no definite shape.
Not compressible.

A

Liquid

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4
Q

Particles of matter are far apart and not touching.
Particles can move past one another.
No definite volume or shape.
Compressible.

A

Gas

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5
Q

Properties observed without the chemical makeup being changed.

A

Physical properties.

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6
Q

Describes a chemical change that a substance undergoes.

A

Chemical properties.

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7
Q

Example of physical properties:

A

Boiling point, melting point, color, conductivity, specific heat.

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8
Q

Examples of chemical properties:

A

Heat of combustion, reactivity, pH, flammability.

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9
Q

Rearranges molecules but doesn’t affect their internal structures.

A

Physical change.

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10
Q

Any change that results in the formation of new chemical substances.

A

Chemical change.

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11
Q

Dependent of sample size. (Density and color)

A

Intensive properties.

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12
Q

Depend on the amount of material examined. (Mass and volume)

A

Extensive properties.

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13
Q

What kind of properties are always used to identify substances?

A

Intensive

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14
Q

Composed of two or more elements and has constant composition.

A

Compounds

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15
Q

Substances that can’t be decomposed into simpler materials. (Simplest form of matter)

A

Elements

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16
Q

Has the same properties throughout.

A

Homogeneous mixtures.

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17
Q

Has different properties throughout and 2 or more phases.

A

Heterogenous mixtures.

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18
Q

How many elements occur naturally?

A

90

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19
Q

Consists of various amounts of two or more elements or compounds.

A

Mixtures

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20
Q

Number with a value that is exactly known with no error or uncertainty in the value.

A

Exact numbers.

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21
Q

Number with a value that is not exactly known due to the measuring process.

A

Measured numbers.

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22
Q

Millions of

A

Mega

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23
Q

Thousands of

A

Kilo

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24
Q

Tenths of

A

Devi

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25
Q

Hundredths of

A

Centi

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26
Q

Thousandths of

A

Milli

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27
Q

Millionths of

A

Micro

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28
Q

Billionths of

A

Nano

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29
Q

Trillionth of

A

Pico

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30
Q

Celsius to Fahrenhiet:

A

F=(9/5)C+32

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31
Q

Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

C=(5/9)(F-32)

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32
Q

Celsius to Kelvin

A

K=C+273.15

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33
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

During a chemical reaction mass is conserved.

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34
Q

What is the Law of Definite Proportions?

A

In a given compound the elements are always combined in the same ratio by mass.

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35
Q

Matter consists of tiny particles called atoms.
Atoms are indestructible.
Atoms of the same element are identical in mass.
Atoms of different elements differ in mass and and other properties.

A

Dalton’s Atomic Theory of Matter

36
Q

When two elements can form more than one compound, the mass ratios of the elements in the two compounds occur in small whole number ratios.

A

Law of Multiple Proportions

37
Q

Who’s subatomic particle experiment used Cathode Ray Tubes?

A

JJ Thomson

38
Q

Who’s experiment used Oil Droplets?

A

R Milliken

39
Q

Who’s experiment used Alpha Particles?

A

Rutherford

40
Q

What are the subatomic particles?

A

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

41
Q

Where are protons & neutrons located?

A

The nucleus.

42
Q

Where are electrons located?

A

Outside of the nucleus.

43
Q

Atoms of the same element but with different mass.

A

Isotopes

44
Q

Groups

A

Elements that lie within the same column.

45
Q

Periods

A

Elements that lie within the same row.

46
Q

Energy an object has when it’s moving.

A

Kinetic energy

47
Q

Energy an object has due to it’s position.

A

Potential energy

48
Q

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be converted from one to another.

A

The Law of Conservation of Energy

49
Q

Positively charged ions.

A

Cations

50
Q

Negatively charged ions:

A

Anions

51
Q

Ions consisting of two or more elements:

A

Polyatomic ions

52
Q

Ions consisting of one atom:

A

Monatomic ions

53
Q

NH4+

A

Ammonium

54
Q

SO42-

A

Sulfate

55
Q

SO32-

A

Sulfite

56
Q

NO3-

A

Nitrate

57
Q

NO2-

A

Nitrite

58
Q

HCO3-

A

Bicarbonate (hydrogen carbonate)

59
Q

HSO4-

A

Bisulfate (hydrogen sulfate)

60
Q

HSO3-

A

Bisulfite (hydrogen sulfite)

61
Q

H3O+

A

Hydronium

62
Q

CN-

A

Cyanide

63
Q

CrO42-

A

Chromate

64
Q

Cr2O72-

A

Dichromate

65
Q

CO32-

A

Carbonate

66
Q

C2H3O2-

A

Acetate

67
Q

OH-

A

Hydroxide

68
Q

PO43-

A

Phosphate

69
Q

PO33-

A

Phosphite

70
Q

ClO-

A

Hypochlorite

71
Q

ClO2-

A

Chlorite

72
Q

ClO3-

A

Chlorate

73
Q

ClO4-

A

Perchlorate

74
Q

MnO4-

A

Permanganate

75
Q

C2O42-

A

Oxalate

76
Q

Compound based on sharing of electrons between atoms known as a covalent bond.

A

Molecular compound

77
Q

Compound based on electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.

A

Ionic bond

78
Q

Group 1

A

Alkali metals (except h)

79
Q

Group 2

A

Alkaline earth metals

80
Q

Group 17

A

Halogens

81
Q

Group 18

A

Noble gases

82
Q

Mega

A

M

83
Q

Kilo

A

k

84
Q

Deci

A

d

85
Q

Centi

A

c

86
Q

Milli

A

m

87
Q

Nano

A

n

88
Q

Pico

A

p

Chem 115 (1 decks)

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