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ASD/AAC > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Semi-structured, standardized assessment to help diagnose ASD
  • Assess communication, social interaction, and play/imaginative use of materials, and repetitive behaviors
  • Creates contexts to observe ASD behaviors and uses standardized coding to document those behaviors
  • takes about 45 min to 1 hour
A

The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition ADOS-2

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2
Q
  • difficulty socially using verbal and noonverbal comunication
    • deficits in communicating for social purposes
    • unable to change communication to match the context
    • difficulty following rules of conversation
    • difficulty understanding nonliteral and ambiguous language
  • Intended to be diagnosed in individuals beyond preschool year
A

Social Communication Disorder

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3
Q

Changes from DSM-IV to DSM-V (2)

A
  • Autistic disorder, Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and PDD-NOS all become autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
  • Three domains to to domains: social/communication and repetitive behavior/restricted interest
    • social and communication are difficult to separate
    • language delays are not unique to ASD, and not all children with ASD have a language delay
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4
Q

True or False

On the ADOS, higher scores mean more symptoms

A

true

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5
Q

general screeners (2)

A
  • infant toddler checklist
  • ages and stages questionnaire social-emotional
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6
Q

About what percentage of persons with ASD have IQs within the average range?

A

46% remainder is above or below

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7
Q

What is the age range for the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2)

A

used with all ages

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8
Q

By what age would we expect a child to use words?

A

16 months

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9
Q

By what age would we expect to see back-and-forth sharing of sounds, smiles, or facial expressions?

A

9 months

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10
Q

Developmental Symptoms of ASD (2)

A
  • social communication
  • stereotyped or repetitive behavior
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11
Q
  • 56 items answered by a professional after behavioral observations. Items are in six sub-scales
    • restricted and repetitive behaviors
    • social interaction
    • social communication
    • emotional responses
    • cognitive style
    • maladaptive speech
  • can provide a measure f severity
  • for individuals from 3-22 years of aged
  • aligned with DSM-V
A

Gilliam Autism Rating Scale third edition (GARS 3)

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12
Q

person to toy or toy to person

A

gaze shift

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13
Q

repetitive movements or spech (3)

A
  • body movements
  • behaviors with objects
  • speech (echolalia)
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14
Q

By what age would we expect symbolic play?

A

18 months

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15
Q

What is the age for the Childhood Autism Rating Scale- 2 (CARS 2)

A

2 years and up

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16
Q

How is ASD a qualitative disorder?

A

while one child may demonstrate only a few autistic-like symptoms, another child may demonstrate many significant autistic symptoms

16
Q

ASD is found in combinatioin with what other conditions? (3)

A
  • intellectual disabilities
  • seizure disorders
  • tuberous sclerosis
16
Q
  • different communications profiles than chidlren with other language disorders
  • difficulty initiating social interaction
  • difficulty sharing social affect
  • lack of coordinatioin of nonverbal communication
  • difficulty with peer relationships
A

social communication differences

16
Q
  • hypersensitive to sensory stimulation
  • narrow, rigid interests
A

repetitive behaviors and restircted interests

16
Q
  • No big smiles or other warm, joyful expressions by six months
  • no back-and-forth sharing of sounds, smiles, or facial expressions by 9 months
  • no babbling by 12 months
  • not responding to name by 12 months
  • does not point to share interest by 14 months
  • no words by 16 months
  • repetitive movements with body or objects
  • no symbolic play by 18 months
  • no meaningful, two-word phrases (non-imitative) by 24 months
  • any loss of speech, babbling, or social skills
A

Red Flags for ASD

16
Q

true negatives

A

specificity

16
Q

by what age would you expect a child to point to share interest?

A

14 months

17
Q

Steps of the diagnostic process (7)

A
  • referral
  • screening
  • parent interview
  • behavioral/observational testing
  • other testing
  • diagnosis
  • reevaluation
18
Q

Impairment in social communication (3)

A
  • impairment in social-emotional reciprocity
  • impairment in the social use of nonverbal behavior joint attention: orienting to people; sharing attention; monitoring partners
  • Difficulty developing relationships
19
Q

Autism Specific Screeners (3)

A
  • M-CHAT
  • Screening Tool for Autism and Young Toddlers
  • Smart ESAC
20
Q

By what age would we expect to see big smiles or orther warm, joyful expressions?

A

six months

21
Q
  • 15 questions answered by a professional after conducting behavioral observations
  • two versions- standard and high functioning
  • ages 2 years and up
  • questionnaire for parents and caregivers: 38 questions
  • high specificity and sensitivity
  • aligned with DSM-IV
A

Childhood Autism Rating Scale Second Edition (CARS 2)

22
Q

By what age would we expect two word (non-imitative) phrases

A

24 months

23
Q

3 point gaze

toy to person to toy

A

joint attention

24
Q

true positives

A

sensitivity

25
Q

By what age would you expect a child to respond to his/her name?

A

12 months

26
Q

What is the age range for the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised (ADI-R)

A

12 months to adult

27
Q

unusual sensory interests or responses (4)

A
  • pain sensation
  • sound response
  • texture aversion
  • proprioception seeking
28
Q

True or False

ADOS-2 Modules are organized according to skill level, not age, except toddler module

A

true

29
Q

By what age would we expect to see babbling?

A

12 months

30
Q

Providing a diagnosis to parents (4)

A
  • provide strengths as well as weaknesses
  • ask parents what they know about ASD
  • listen to the parents
  • provide written materials with more information for parents to take home
31
Q

Secondary characteristics of ASD (2)

A
  • motor and perceptual differences
  • learning differences
32
Q

What is the age range for the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-3 (GARS-3)?

A

3-22 years

33
Q
  • 90-150 minutes for administration
  • score online
  • must be familiar with ASD and other developmental disabilities
  • strongly advised to review training videos before administering
A

The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)

ASD/AAC (3 decks)

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