Exam 1 Flashcards
describe the stages of spermatogenesis
- mitosis A0 –> B - replication and cleavage
- meiosis - 1prime & 2prime - individual sex cells made
- differentiation - round spermatid, elongation, spermatozoa - spermatid get structured
describe meiosis of the oocyte
arrested in prophase I, 2-16 cells, each cell totipotent, cleavage occurs, 16 cell medulla made then compacted into a blastocyst
true or false. the CL secretes progesterone to relax the unterine endometrium
false. relaxes the myometrium
true or false. during luteinization, granulosa cells differentiate into large luteal cells
true
true or false. prostoglandins are derived from the precursor cholesterol.
false - estradiol derived from cholesterol
true or false. capacitation of spermatozoa occurs in the epididymis
false
COX-2 is essential for ovulation
true - arachidonic acid –> PGE –> PGE2
describe the process of maternal recognition in the pig
- signal - estradiol
- critical period - 11-12 days
- response - PGF2alpha goes back into the lumen instead of into the ovary & CL - so P4 can continue & pregnancy carry on
describe process of luteal regression in ewe
- endometrial PGF2alpha - metabolized in lungs - local
- made in uterus
- transported to CL by utero-ovarian vein & countercurrent exchange
how to synchronize cycling cows
- CIDR - secretion of P4 - acts as CL
- don’t implant first 5 or last 3 days (ineffective)
- leave in for 7 days
- trick body into letting follicles continue to grow instead of atresia
- give 2 shots PGF2alpha - ⅔ would synchronize
difference between gilt and sow
gilt - hasn’t had a pregnancy
sow- has had a pregnancy
what hormone does CIDR release
P4
if hysterectomy performed & remove both horns from cycling non-pregnant ewe, how long CL maintained?
about 2 weeks
difference between luteal and follicular phases?
follicular - E2 present, follicles present
luteal - P4 present, CL present
name the major proteolytic enzyme released from the acrosome of the spermatozoa
actroin
