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Organ Histo > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Three general functions of epithelium

A

Provide a barrier

Absorption

Secretion

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2
Q

Three specialized functions of epithelium

A

Transport molecules across epi.

Prevent transport of material across epi. selective permeability

Sensory (taste buds, retina)

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3
Q

What are two things that various types of epithelium that are basic characteristic they share?

A

Cells are adjacent to each other

Associated with a complete or partial basement membrane

Avascular - obtain nutrition by diffusion

Associated with vascular CT

Held together by cell junctions

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4
Q

What is the difference between a complete basement membrane and partial?

A

Complete - basal lamina and reticular lamina

Partial - basal lamina only

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5
Q

What type of cells produce basal lamina?

Reticular lamina?

A

Epithelial

CT

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6
Q

Three functions of basement membrane

A

Provide surface for cell attachment

Filter

Limits stretch

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7
Q

What are the four type of cell junctions?

A

Zona Occludens

Zona Adherens

Macula Adherens

Gap Junctions

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8
Q

Describe Zona Occludens

2 functions

A

AKA Tight junction

Share intrinsic membrane proteins between adjacent cells

Strong attachments

Blocks materials from moving between cells

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9
Q

Describe Zona Adherens

2 functions

A

Adhesion Belt

Cadherins lining adjacent cells in presence of Ca

Strong attachment

Marginal Bands contribute to cell stability

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10
Q

Describe Macula Adherens

Function

A

Demasomes

Strong attachment

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11
Q

Describe Gap Junction

Function

Describe Junctional Complex

A

6 proteins arranged in cylinder shape

Strong attachment
Sharing or movement of materials

Sonula occludens - sonula adherens - macula adherens

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12
Q

What two things hold the epithelium to the basement membrane?

A

Hemidesmosomes and focal point contacts

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13
Q

What does simple epithelium mean and what are the types?

A

Single layer thick

Squamous

Cuboidal

Columnar

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar

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14
Q

Simple squamous locations

Description

Functions

A

Lung, Parietal layer of Bowman capsule in kidney, serosa outside organs

Single layer flat cells

Provide barrier, Living filter

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15
Q

Simple Cuboidal locations

Description

Functions

A

Exocrine ducts, thyroid follicular cells, kidney tubules

Single layer of cube cells, nucleus occupies much of cell cytoplasm, looks like square on slide

Secretion, Barrier, Absorption

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16
Q

Simple Columnar location

Description

Function

A

Stomach, SI, gallbladder, larger exocrine ducts

Singel layer, height, more cytoplasm than cuboidal, rectangle on slides

Barrier, Absorption, Secretion

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17
Q

Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium (respiratory epi) location

Description

A

Trachea, respiratory region of nasal cavity, bronchi

Three cell types of various heights to look stratified

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18
Q

Ciliated Columnar Cells

A

Columnar that contain cilia anchored in the apex of the cell by basal bodies

Move mucus

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19
Q

Goblet cells

A

Modified columnar cell

Produce release mucus

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20
Q

Basal cells

A

Short pyramidal and does not reach surface

Act as stem cell before forming goblet cell or ciliated columnar

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21
Q

Describe Microvili and their function and location

A

Finger like projections at apical surface on some epithelial cells. Called brush border or striated border

Increase surface area for absorption

Kidney tubule cells, SI

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22
Q

Sterocilia describe

Function

Location

A

Extremely long microvilli, not related to true cilia

Increase surface area

Epididymis, chochlear hair cells

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23
Q

Cilia describe

Function

Location

A

Thin apical hair like extensions of cytoskeleton

Move something over a surface

Trachea and fallopian tube

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24
Q

Do Cilia have many mitochondria?

Do their basal bodies absorb and secrete?

A

Yes

No

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25
Q

Describe Glycocalyx

Produced by?

Function?

Location

A

Surface layer of glycoproteins and carbs that cover epithelium

Epithelium cells

Protection and cell recognition

Stomach and SI

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26
Q

Definition of stratified epithelium

What is it named after per type?

What do ALL types have a common function of?

A

Epithelium that is two or more cell layers thick

Shape of its superficial cells

Protective function

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27
Q

Stratified Squamous location

Describe

Function

Problems limitations (2)

A

Esophagus, oral cavity, tongue, vagina

Multp layers tend to flatten out from basal layer to superficial which are flat and alive

Protect from abrasion

No protection from drying
Limited thickness

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28
Q

Kertanized Stratifed Squamous location

Describe

Function

A

Skin

Multiple layers tend to flatten from basal to superficial which is covered by nonliving layer of keratin

Protection in dry environment

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29
Q

What are the 5 layers of epithelium of the skin?

A

Stratum basale (germinativum)

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum Corneum

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30
Q

Multiple layers of “spiny shaped” keratinocytes that produce lipids and keratohyalin vacuoles. Thickness varies

A

Stratum Spinosum

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31
Q

Uppermost 1-2 layers of flattened living keratinocytes that contain flattened condensed keratohylan vacuoles

A

Stratum Granulosum

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32
Q

1-2 layers which are mitotic and closest to the dermis

A

Stratum Basale (germinativum)

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33
Q

Layer of dead cells, keratin and lipids. thickness of this layer varies but has three functions….

What are three

A

Stratum corneum

Prevent water loss

Provide barrier to micronbes

Protect from abrasion

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34
Q

Thin layer of recent dead or dying keratinocytes present only in thick skin. This is not easy to see

A

Stratum lucidum

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35
Q

How do epidermal pegs (rete ridges) and dermal papillae contribute strength to Stratum Corneum?

A

Increasing surface area for attachment of the epithelium to the ct below

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36
Q

What is the duration of a cell life cycle?

A

28 days

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37
Q

What do Melanocytes do?

Layer found in?

How they function?

A

Protect against UV

Stratum Basale

Melanosomes (with pigment they produced) pinch off ends of cytoplamsic projections - > taken up by karatinocytes

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38
Q

What 4 things influence skin color?

A

Size of melanosomes

Number of melanosomes

Placement of melanin within cell

Eumelanin vs. pheomelanin
(brown/black) vs. (reddish)

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39
Q

What do langerhan cells do?

Layer found in?

Also can be found in?

A

Recognize external foreign antigens

Stratum spinosum

Esophagus and vagina - stratified squamous

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40
Q

Merkel cells function

found layer?

Associated with?

A

Provide touch receptors

Stratum basale

Associated with free nerve endings

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41
Q

What happens to number of melanocytes when exposed to uv light repeatedly?

Langerhand cells?

A

Increase

Decrease

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42
Q

Stratified cuboidal location

description

Function

A

Larger ducts in sweat and salivary glands

Two layers, basal layer flattened, superficial cuboid. Not common

Barrier and protection/structure

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43
Q

Strratified Columnar location

Description

Function

A

Large ducts in pancreas, part of male urethra, conjunctiva of eye

Two layers, basal flat to cuboid, superficial is columnar. Very rare

Protection/structure
Barrier
Transition to another epithelium type

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44
Q

Transitional (Urinary) = Urothelium location

Describe

Function

A

Most of urinary tract

Multiple layers

Protection that stretches
Barrier

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45
Q

Specializations of Transitional (Urothelium)

Why important?

A

Fenestrated basment

Larger rounder superficial cells

Well developed zone occludens

Fenestrated basement - not much for cells to attach to

Barrier to nitrogenous waste

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46
Q

Unusual superficial cell feature of Urothelium?

Cells obtain more O2 why?

A

Some are bi-nucleate

When stretched, diffusion distance decrease

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47
Q

Patchy skin lesions

Accelerated keratinocyte life cycle

Cells accumulate in stratum corneum

Inflammation in dermal papillae

Cyclic and etiology unknown

A

Psoriasis Vulgaris

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48
Q

Spots with extra pigment, fair skin especially

Increase in melanin without increase in melanocyte numbers

Tend to fade in winter and darken in sun

A

Freckles

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49
Q

Patches which lack melanocytes

Unknown cause but associated with systemic disease

A

Vitiligo

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50
Q

Discoloration due to Proliferation of melanocytes

A

Moles (naevi)

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51
Q

Melanocytes become mitotically active and invade dermis

Very invasive and metastatic

Treatment : surgery and chemo

A

Malignant Melanoma

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52
Q

What are the two categories of epithelial glands?

A

Endocrine and Exocrine

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53
Q

Components directly involved with primary function

Ex biceps- skeletal ells

A

Parenchyma

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54
Q

Components providing mechanical and metabolic support

Ct, Nerve, Blood vessels, Lymphatics

A

Stroma

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55
Q

What are the three methods of subclassifiying Exocrine secretion

A

Morphology

Secretion Method

Product secreted

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56
Q

Describe Options for Morphology

A

Secretory : tubular vs acinar (avelolar)

Duct arrangements - Ubranched or branched

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57
Q

Describe options for Secretion method

A

Merocrine (eccrine)

Holocrine

Apocrine

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58
Q

Name and examples

Most common method of
secretion

Secretion by exocytosis so no cytoplasm or membranes in secretory product

No cell damage or odor

A

Merocrine (eccrine)

Goblet, salivary, pancreas, sweat glands

59
Q

name and examples

Cell matures and dies

Secretory product - intact vacuoles and parts of cell

Odor

A

Holocrine - Sebaceous glands, tarsal glands of eye lid (meibomian glands)

60
Q

Cell damage is minimal

Secretory product - intact vacuoles and some cell cytoplasm and membrane

Odor

A

Apocrine

Lactating mammary glands, some adult sweat glands, ceruminous glands in external auditory canal
Ciliary glands (molls) glands in eyelid
61
Q

Options for classifying based on Product Secreted

A

Acinus - smallest division of gland, group surrounding cavity

Serous Demilune - Small group of serous cells attached to mucus acinus

Myoepithelial cells - cells with epithelial origin that are contractile, cells wrap around acini and ducts may become exocrine glands - found in salivary sweat lacrimal and mammary glands!

62
Q

These glands produce proteins

Pancreas, parotid gland, chief cells

Often produce enzymes
Trapezoid cells
Nucleus usually round
Cellspick up stain

A

Serous Glands

63
Q

These cells produce mucus

Goblet cells, mucus cells, minor salivary glands in tongue and palate

Stain light
Nucleus usually perish and flat in cell

A

Mucus glands

64
Q

Glands produce serous and mucus

Sublingual, submandibular, salivary

See above
Serous demilunes are possible

A

Mixed glands

65
Q

Three parts of Exocrine Regulation

A

Myoepithelial cells - each has an ANS fiber

Hormonal

Blood supply = increase flow, increase O2, increase secretion

opposite if low blood flow

66
Q

Functions of CT 4?

A

Provide structural support

Provide medium for exchange

Defense/Protection

Storage of adipose - energy source

67
Q

4 Characteristics of CT

A

Most derived from mesenchyme

Support cells separated by matrix

Support cells produce matrix

Cells adhere to matrix

68
Q

Important general trait of Glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides)

A

Hydrophilic

69
Q

Sulfated GAGS like keratin sulfate, chondrotin sulfate, heparin and dermatin sulfate two points of interest

A

Smaller molecules

Convalently bonded to proteins

70
Q

Three points of interest of non-sulfated GAGs like Hyaluronic Acid (HA or Hyaluronan)

A

Larger molecules

Forms dense molecular network

Hold Much H20

71
Q

2 positive aspects of inflammation

one negative

A

Increased fluidity which aids cell movement

Increase number of defensive cells

Swelling can damage vessels/lymphatics and nerves and cells

72
Q

Four types of Ground Substance

A

Glycosaminoglycans = mucopolysaccharides

Proteoglycans = protein core with many sulfated GAGs attached

Adhesive Glycoproteins like laminin and fibronectin

Other

73
Q

Three types of fibers

A

Collagen

Elastic

Reticular

74
Q

Collagen many types or few?

Most common?

Type 1 Account for __ percent of total body
collagen

C1 is knowns for tensile strength but…

Serious pathologies can occur from what?

A

Many

yes

90

no stretch

Improper production of Collagen 1

75
Q

As you age what happens to Collagen fiber production?

If not enough Vit C?

A

Slows and weaker fibers produced

Weaker coll 1 more rapid fiber breakdown

76
Q

Elastic fibers composed of __ and ___

Can stretch by ___ percent of resting length

Important in blood vessels and ___

Commonly produced by ___ and smooth muscle cells

Simpler fiber than C1 so easier to make

More or less fibers as you age?

Greater or fewer pathologies with this type of fiber?

A

Elastin and microfibrils

150%

Lungs

Fibroblasts

Less

Fewer

77
Q

Hereditary condition of CT bones muscle ligaments and skeletal structures where undeveloped elastic fibers result in

Irregular unsteady gate
Tall lean body long extrems
Abnormal joint flexibility, flat feet stoop shoulder and dislocation of optic lens

4th important one?

A

Marfan’s Syndrome

Aorta usually dilated and may become weakened allowing aneurysm to develop

78
Q

Reticular fibers same as…

Easy or hard to produce

Last __ days

Pathologies?

Aging effects?

___ fiber produced during wound healing

A

Collagen 3

Easy

3 days

None

Not affected

First

79
Q

7 Cells in CT

A 
Fibroblast
Fibrocyte
Myofibroblast
Adipocytes
Plasma cell
Macrophage (histiocyte)
Mast Cell
80
Q

Fibroblast usually derived from…

Very important in ordinary CT?

Generally a ___ cell but can move about a little

May occasionally divide and primary during….

May change into other cell types under special conditions explain

A

Mesenchyme cells

Yes

Fixed

Wound healing

Adipocytes

Chondrocytes during cartilage formation

Osteoblasts during some pathologies

81
Q

Describe Fibroblast structural functions

What type of cells?

When mature are almost ___ and contain fibrocytes

___ percent as strong as original tissue

A

Produce and maintain matrix by making GAGs, fibers etc

Healing by producing cytokines and enzymes (collagenase)

Avascular

70

82
Q

2 Defensive functions of fibroblasts

A

Produce cytokines and enzymes

Can phagocytize

83
Q

Fibrocyte mature less active so they appear…

__ lived cell with ___ energy and oxygen requirements

Can do what…

Cant do what…

A

Flatter

Long/ lower

Make ground substance, GAGS, reticular fibers

Make collagen 1 and elastic fibers

84
Q

Myofibroblasts possess features of ____ and ____

Functions 2

A

Fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

Wound closure

Tooth eruption

85
Q

Adipocytes do or do not divide/change into other cell types

Derived from….

Function in lipid storage and…

A

D not

Mesenchyme

Produce other factor and hormones

86
Q

Plasma cells do or do not divide?

Long or short lived

Found in CT and _____

Found in blood?

Derived from ___ lymphocytes

Large cells with a spherical ___ nucleus

Function?

A

NOT

Short

Lymphatic tissue/organs

no

B

Clock faced

Produce antibodies

87
Q

Macrophages (Histiocytes)

Large cells with kidney bean shape nucleus often contain ___ in cytoplasm

Divide?

Derived from…

Very important ___cell

Party of what system?

All members arise from common ancestor in ____ ____ and are able to phagocytize and display particular receptors

Example Memnbers

A

Residual bodies

Yes

Mesenchyme

Defensive

Monuclear Phagocyte or Reticulendothelial system (RES)

Bone Marrow

Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, monocytes, microglia, langerhan cells, osteoclasts

88
Q

Four functions of Macrophages

A

Phagocytosis of debris and microorganisms

Act as APC, present info about foreign antigen to helper t cells

Create foreign body giant cell = permeant fusion of many macrophages. This forms in response to sizable foreign object, and some pathogens

Release cytokines and other products

89
Q

Mast cells large contain…

Found in ____ by small blood vessels under epithelium

Divide?

Lifespan?

Derived from…

Once thought to be derived from?

A

cytoplasmic ganules

CT proper

Occasionally

days to months

bone marrow precursor

Basophils

90
Q

Three functions of Mast cells?

A

Mediate Inflammation, Immediate hypersensivity response, Anaphylaxis, Asthma

Release primary mediators Histamine, Heparin, and Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor (ECF) and Nutrophil Chemotactic Factor (NCF

Produce and release secondary mediators Leukotrienes

91
Q

Effects of Histamine

A

Increase permeability of capillaries and venules

Cause vasodilation of small arteries, increasing blood to affected area

Cause contraction of any visceral smooth muscle in area

92
Q

Effects of Heparin

A

Counteracts effects of Histamine

93
Q

Which is on switch and off switch?

A

Histamine = Flash on

Heparin = slow off

94
Q

Efects of ECF and NCF?

A

ECF - attracts eosinophils

NCF - attract neutrophils for phagocytosis

95
Q

What inhibits leukotrienes, produces factor that inhibits mast cell degranulation, Phagocytize IgE and secretes Histaminase?

Therefore they will help to ___ effects of histamine and leukotrienes

A

Eosinophils

Limit

96
Q

Leukotriene effects

A

Same as histamine but 1000s of times stronger. Amplifies and prolongs the effect of histamines.

97
Q

What three things will activate mast cells?

A

Direct mast cell trauma

Phagocytosis

IgE-allergin complex

98
Q

Describe what happens at first and second exposure for primary and secondary immune response

A

1 - Elicits IgE formation which binds to mast cells

2 - Allergin binds to “sensitized” mast cells and mast cells degranulate

99
Q

Describe the Mast cell mediated event of a basic inflammatory reaction - cut in the skin

A

Stimulus - direct trauma and phagocytosis

Mast cells degranulate

Histamine reacts fast and increases permeability of capsules and venules, also vasodilates arterioles

Leukotrienes extend and amplifies histamine

Heparin and ECF react last to counteract histamine, attract eosinophils

100
Q

Describe the Immediate Hypersensitivy response of Simple allergy

A

Stimulus

Mast cells degranulate and produce various substances

Localized inflammatory response at sight of allergen contact

101
Q

Describe steps of Anaphylaxis

A

Stimulus

Systemic mast cell and basophil degranulation and secretion

Systemic inflammatory response

Anaphylactic Shock = Circulatory shock -> cardiovascular collapse caused by blood loss

102
Q

Describe two types of asthma

Stimulated by

A

Extrinsic - allergen known, childhood onset

Intrinsic - adult onset, often allergen unknown

IgE allergen complex
Fatigue mental and physical, emotions, endocrine, etc.

103
Q

Primary problem with asthma

seccondary difficulties caused by

A

Leukotriene release –> smooth muscles in bronchioles can completely close

Inflamm in lungs can interfere with gas exchange

104
Q

Leukocytes which ones?

Become macrophages

Similar to mast cells

Humoral and cell mediated immunity

Phagocytosis

Can destroy parasitic worm/ allergin

A

Monocytes

Basophils

Lymphocytes

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

105
Q

Mesenchyme cells are adult __ cells

Have sparse pale staining cytoplasm with ____ shape nucleus

Functcion?

Divide?

Exist in adults?

A

Stem cells

Oval

To change into another cell type

Yes but numbers decrease as you age

106
Q

Reticular cells are derived from ___ cells

Function?

A

Mesenchyme cells

Make reticular fibers.

When needed on temp basis - fibroblasts make IE wound healing

Permanent basis - reticular fibers made by ret cells

107
Q

4 characteristics of Loose Connective Tissue

A

(1) Large number of cells and many cell types

Fewer fibers

More ground substance

Quite vascular

108
Q

Two types of Lose Connective tissue

A

Loose areolar - greater and lesser omenta “fillers”

Loose irregular - Dermis - papillary layer; often directly beneath epithelium in organs

109
Q

4 characteristics of Dense connective tissue

A

Many fibers

Fewer cells and cell types

Less ground substance

Less vascular

110
Q

4 types of Dense CT

A

Dense Irregular - dermis reticular layer nerve sheath organ capsule

Dense Regular - Tendon, ligament, aponeuroses

Reticular CT - lymphatic and endocrine organs

Adipose - around kidney and heart, hypodermic and bone marrow

111
Q

What are the two general CT rules?

A

1 - greater number of cell types therefore greater healing potential

2- Increased vascularity therefore increased healing potential

112
Q

Three types of Specailized CT

A

Cartilage
Bone
Blood

113
Q

Three mechanisms of protection are…

A

Surface protection - skin, mucus, acidic vagina

Acute Inflammation - non specific process ; neutrophils macrophages and eiosinophils

Immune Response - Two main types

114
Q

What are the two main types of Acquired Immunity (adaptive immunity)

A

Humoral and Cell mediated

115
Q

Usually a response to invading bacteria

Mediated by B cells and plasma cells with T involvement

Involves antibody production

A

Humoral Immunity

116
Q

Usually responds to viruses, fungi, or foreign cells

Mediated by T cells

Does not depend on B cell participation

A

Cell Mediated Immunity

117
Q

Three functions of the Immune System

A

Storage of Lymphocytes

Increase numbers of lymphocytes

Provide a favorable environment for establishing immunity

118
Q

What are the characteristics of Diffuse Lymphatics?

Lymphatic Organs?

A

No or incomplete capsule
Humoral Immunity

Has a capsule
Humoral and Cell mediated

119
Q

Provide an environment where lymphocytes become immunocompetent (ex Thymus and bone marrow)

Provide environment where lymphocytes can contact foreign antigens and interact with each other (lymph nodes and spleen)

A

Primary Lymphoid Organ

Secondary

120
Q

What does MALT stand for?

Located?

A

Mucosal-Associated Lymphatic Tissue

GI tract, Respiratory and Urogenital tracts

121
Q

Where is secretory IgA secreted onto?

Found where?

__ important line of defense agains infection

__ specific

A

Free epithelial surfaces

Tears, saliva, gut lumen, nose, vagina

First

Antigen

122
Q

Igas can neutralize what two things?

Also do what to microbial adhesion to host cell?

A

Viruses and bacterial toxins

Decrease

123
Q

What is GALT?

BALT?

A

Gut-Associtated Lymphatic Tissue

Bronchial-Associated Lymphatic Tissue

124
Q

Explain the types of Tonsils

A

A.With epithelial folds = Pleated tonsils

  1. Pharyngeal Tonsils (inflammed callled adenoids

B. With Tonsilar Crypts

  1. Palatine Tonsils (Faucial Tonsils) - boundary of oral cavity and oropharynx
  2. Lingual Tonsils
125
Q

Advantages and Disadvanteages for Palatine Tonsils

A

A - more area for antigen detection. Lymph nodule formation

D - Decripts - > bacteria thrive - > Inflammative tonsillitis

126
Q

Tonsillar ring around openings to the Digestive and respiratory systems are called?

A

Waldeyer’s Ring

127
Q

Two major functions of Lymph Nodes

A

Filtration of Lymph using phagocytosis

Establish humoral and cell mediated immunities

128
Q

5 major parts of lymph node

A

Capsule

Afferent lymphatics

Efferent lymphatics

Hilum

System of sinuses

129
Q

Sinuses that pass through

Marginal sinus…

Cortex region…

Deep cortex (paracortex)

Medulla region

A

Subcapsular sinus

Cortical sinus

Deep cortical sinus

Medullary sinus

130
Q

Three regions of a lymph node

A

Cortex

Paracortex (Thymus dependent zone)

Medulla

131
Q

Cells within all regions and sinuses of lymph node are supported by system of…

A

Reticular fibers that are produced by reticular cells

132
Q

List lymph node cortex cells

Primary cell type in region?

Activity in region

A

Macrophages, reticular cells, dendritic, T, plasma cells

B cells

Phagocytosis and Humoral immunity

133
Q

Lymph nodules which one?

Without germinal centers, older nodule with no B cell division, Naive B cells or B memory cells hanging out

With germinal centers, formed in response to particular antigen, active B cell division. Lite center is germinal and dark periphery is mantle

A

Primary Lymphoid Nodule

Secondary Lymphoid Nodule

134
Q

List cells in Paracortex (Thymus Dependent Zone) of Lymph node

Primary type

Activity

A

Macrophages, reticular, dendritic, Some B and plasma

T cells

Long term storage for T cells
Cell mediated immunity
Phagocytosis

135
Q

What important structures are lined with cuboid cells, function to facilitate passage of B and T cells from blood to lymph node, and The paracortex thins with its infection

A

HEV - High Endothelial Venules

136
Q

Medulla Cell list

Primary cell type

Activity

A

Macrophages, dendritic cells, some b and T

Plasma cells

Humoral immunity and Phagocytosis

137
Q

Medullary sinus vs cord

Numerous and lower cell density

Areas of higher cell density

A

Medullary sinuses

Meduallary cords

138
Q

How many lobes of the thymus extend over the great heart vessels?

It is the primary ___ organ

When does involution begin?

Little functioning thymus let by age

Function?

A

Two

Lymphoid

first few years of life, speeds up at puberty

25

Establishment of immunocompetent T lymphocytes - recognize foreign antigen properly, develop self tolerance

139
Q

Epithielioreticular cells

Produce reticular fibers?

Offer support using….

Secrete….

Function…

A

NO

Long cytoplasmic processes

Thymic hormones and cytokines

Influence T cell maturation, division, and activities

140
Q

Epithelioreticular cells form thymic corpuscles (hassal’s bodies)

Always in the…

Size and number ___ a lot

Size number ___ w age

Function

A

Medulla

Vary

Increase

Secretion of cytokines that influence local cells

141
Q

Blood thymic barrier consist of what 4 things

A

Continous capillary

Thick basal lamina

Macrophages

Epithelial reticular cells

142
Q

Why does the Cortex stain more dark than the medulla in the thymus?

A

Larger number of T cells

143
Q

Lymphocytes produced in bone marrow

Enter thymus as immunoincompent T cells

Leave blood at corticomedullary line

Migrate to periphery of cortex

Migrate back toward medulla

T cells enter medulla & finish final stages of testing

A

????

Organ Histo (1 decks)

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