Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPH 455 > Exam 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Exam 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of organizations involved in the practice of public health?

A
  1. Governmental public health
  2. Healthcare sector
  3. Adjacent government agencies
  4. Nongovernmental organizations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are examples of governmental public health agencies that practice public health

A

Health departments, CDC, NIH, Department for Health and Human Services, US Public Health Service

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the healthcare system practice public health?

A

Provides billable services through providers, hospitals, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are examples of adjacent governmental agencies that practice public health?

A

Mass transit, corrections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are examples of nongovernmental organizations practicing public health?

A

Charities, nonprofits, faith-based organizations, social service organizations, foundations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Three ways governmental public health is different than other public health organizations?

A
  1. Governmental at a higher level of scrutiny
  2. Governmental has a broader scope
  3. Governmental often funded through taxpayer dollars
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Definition of a nonprofit organization?

A

Group organized for purpose other than generating profit and in which no part of the organization’s income is distributed to its members; all profits are reinvested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the four types of nonprofits involved in public health?

A

Traditional nonprofits
Foundations
Professional organizations
Community development organizations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do foundations do when practicing public health? Examples?

A

Provide funding for projects and shape the national public health agenda

Kaiser Family Foundation, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do traditional nonprofits do when practicing public health? Examples?

A

Advance public health at the state and community level

KFAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do professional organizations do in practicing public health?

A

Create standards and advocate for professionals

APHA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do community development organizations do in practicing in public health?

A

Support and revitalize communities, especially those that are impoverished or struggling

Hope Center, Seedleaf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some of the reasons public health and health care became at odds with each other historically? (6)

A
  1. Differences in values (social justice/market justice, prevention/cure, upstream/downstream, population/patient)
  2. Medical profession became homogenous while public health did not
  3. Medicine viewed public health interventions as infringements on doctor-patient relationship
  4. Delivery of health services by PH appeared to threaten economic well-being of medicine
  5. Rise of the hospital as a preeminent institution
  6. Differences in medical and public health education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acronym to remember reasons for PH and health care to be at odds?

A

Very – values
Hot – homogenous
DP Dill Pickles – doctor-patient relationship
Melt – money
His – hospital
Esophagus – education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define a cross-sector partnership

A

Collaborations that bring together public and private groups in order to address complex health issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What role do cross-sector partnerships play in the practice of public health?

A

Create relationships and synergy across organizations that have the potential to improve population health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three characteristics of advocacy?

A

Strategic
Public health perspective
Health equity perspective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define advocacy

A

Strategic set of actions developed to advance a policy or position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does it mean to be strategic in public health advocacy?

A

Be intentional when starting research

19
Q

What does it mean to have a public health perspective in public health advocacy?

A

Focus on affecting a population not individuals

20
Q

What does it mean to have a health equity perspective in public health advocacy?

A

Include those affected by a policy in creation and advocacy

21
Q

What is problem identification in public health? Where is it used in public health?

A

Determining root causes and characterizing a problems effect on populations

Used in the first step of advocacy

22
Q

What is the first step of problem identification?

A

Literature review

23
Q

What is qualitative data? When is it used?

A

Non-numerical information that is collected through observation, interviews, surveys, or other methods

Used to explore complex problems, understand the context, find reasons for why things occur, meaning behind attitudes and behaviors

24
Q

What is quantitative data? When is it used?

A

Numerical information that can be quantified and expressed in numbers; measurable variables that can be analyzed statistically

Used to measure, quantify, and analyze objects with precision; generalized findings for a problem

25
Q

Explain how ethics relates to the concept of professoinalism

A

Want our public health professionals to act in a manner that’s trustworthy

Foundation of professionalism is building trust, which starts with ethics and acting in an ethical way

26
Q

Define utilitarianism

A

Ends justify the means; focuses on outcomes

27
Q

Define beneficience

A

Trying to do things that benefits a population

28
Q

Define social justice

A

View that everyone deserves equal economic, political, and social rights opportunities

29
Q

How do utilitarianism, beneficence, and social justice relate to ethical practice of public health?

A

These three concepts have to be balanced in ethical decisions

Public health often chooses utilitarianism to better the health of the population overall

30
Q

What did the US PH service do wrong in Tuskegee study?

A

Withheld information about their diagnosis, availability of treatment, purpose of experiment, procedures included, and more

31
Q

What report did the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research create?

A

Belmont report

32
Q

What 3 ethical guidelines did the Belmont report include?

A

Respect for persons (informed consent)
Beneficence (risks must be acceptable in relation to potential benefits)
Justice (benefits and burdens are distributed fairly)

33
Q

What came of the Tuskegee experiment regarding improving ethical standards for public health research?

A

IRB establishment

34
Q

What does communication matter for the practice of public health?

A

Cannot affect and influence large groups of people, which is the essence of public health, without communication

Seen in emergency preparedness and response, public health education, advocacy, data dissemination

Facilitates behavior change and builds trust

35
Q

What is framing? How do we use framing when communicating public health information?

A

Framing: thinking strategically about the words you use when talking about an issue or problem and what aspects you choose to emphasize

Use framing in public health communications to indicate a solution – the way in which you frame a problem (individual or societal) indicates solution

36
Q

What are values and how are values used in the communication of public health?

A

Values: beliefs that we hold about why something is good or bad or right or wrong

Example: discipline of public health holds value of social justice–everyone deserves same opportunity to be healthy in society via access to resources

Used in public health communication when framing your problem to make it identify with your audience by matching values

37
Q

How do you decide which type of media to use when communicating public health information?

A

Depends on the audience, so you want to research what media that audience uses

38
Q

What primary audiences should public health advocates pay attention to?

A

First audience that you want to reach – change-makers

Our primary goal is to create policy change, which is decided by elected officials

39
Q

What are secondary audiences? When do you pay attention to them?

A

People the primary audiences list to, such as constituents for a legislator

40
Q

What does it mean to pay attention to an audience? In other words, what should we think about when crafting messages for different audiences?

A

Paying attention to your audience means understanding who they are, what they care about, how they think, and tailoring your message to resonate with them

Think about goals, values, priorities, and motivations

41
Q

What happens when we only communicate information/data and “let the data speak for itself”?

A

Audience often does not understand the full context and magnitude of a data point

Interpreted through the frame of the audience instead of by the presenter

42
Q

What is social math? What is the value of using social math for public health audiences?

A

Social math: practice that uses easy to visualize comparisons to make large numbers comprehensible and compelling

Value: increases understanding, which leaders to evidence-informed decision making

Allows you to frame and tailor your message, overcome misconceptions, increase engagement, and facilitate advocacy

43
Q

What is fluency theory? How do you increase fluency/understanding?

A

Fluency theory: psychological theory that suggests people tend to prefer information that is easy to process or understand

The more you understand, the more you trust the message

Increase understanding by using action verbs, not using jargon, using social math, and using collective language

44
Q

What does fluency theory tell us about communicating public health information?

A

Communicating in public health: important to make people understand for them to trust your message and advice to influence health behaviors and policy

CPH 455 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions