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Greek Mythology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 10 distinctive qualities of Greek Mythology?

A

1) Decentralized
2) Atemporal
3) Non-definitive
4) Craft and Deceit - moral code/order
5) Faith and Freewill
6) Eros
7) Anthropomorphic
8) Numinous Nature - devine quality that gives an ominous feeling
9) Tragicomic
10) Story telling

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2
Q

Who were Zeus’s parents?

A

Kronos and Rhea

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3
Q

What are some associations with Zeus (Jupiter/Jove)?

A

God of thunder, rain, lightning, bright air/ clear day

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4
Q

What is Hera’s (Juno) relation to Zeus?

A

Sister and Wife

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5
Q

What are some associations with Poseidon (neptune)?

A

horses, earthquake, natural world god, trident

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6
Q

What is are some associations with Hades (Pluto)?

A

God of the underworld

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7
Q

What are some associations with Demeter(Ceres)?

A

Agriculture, earth goddess, cults, life/death,

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8
Q

What are some associations with Hestia(Vesta)?

A

Hearth, family order

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9
Q

Who were the first generation Gods?

A

Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, and Hestia

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10
Q

Who are the second generation Gods?

A

Athena, Hermes, Apollo, Artemis, Hephaestus, Ares, Aphrodite, Dionysus.

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11
Q

What are some associations for Athena (Minerva)?

A

Zeus and Metis (Mind), intelligence, craft, strategy, war, born from Zeus’s head.

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12
Q

What are some associations for Hermes (Mercury)?

A

Zeus and Maia, underhandedness, breaking of laws, theft, cunningness, messenger god, shows borders and boundaries exist, young

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13
Q

What are some associations for Apollo (Mercury)?

A

Zeus and Leto, sister is Artemis, had institution called Delphi, Statue called Pythia, mental faculty, abstract intelligence, logic, art, poetry, medicine, archery, sun

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14
Q

What are some associations for Artemis(Diana)?

A

Apollo’s twin sister, hunt, wilderness, moon, archer, child birth, maternal

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15
Q

What are some associations for Hephaestus (Vulcan)?

A

Zeus and Hera, metal working god, forge, amor, craft zeus’s thunderbolt, prestigious role in Greek society, walks with a limp, fires/volcanos

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16
Q

What are some associations for Ares (Mars)?

A

Zeus and Hera, war, bloodlust, painful side of war, affairs with Aphrodite, not very smart.

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17
Q

What are some associations for Aphrodite(Venus)?

A

Zeus and Dione, lust, pleasure, sex, beauty, only female Olympian with many lovers

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18
Q

What are some associations for Dionysus(Brachus/Liber)?

A

Zeus and Semele, wine, grapes, liberty/freedom, defertility god, uncultivation, mysterious intelligence, moisture, creativity, plays the Aulos (string instrument), wild side of intelligence, Thyrsus (staff), feminine god, worshipped by Maenads.

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19
Q

What are the periods for Greek history

A

Minoan, Mycenaean, Dark ages, Archaic, Classical

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20
Q

Describe the Minoan Period.

A

language is Linear A, Crete, highly evolved and sophisticated people, peaceful, sea trades, goddess religion, goddess associated with the sun, snakes and trees, Bowls and rituals, palace and temples in labyrinth-like structures, visual art, colorful, Volcano distorted the people. Arthur Evans credited for discovering the labyrinths.

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21
Q

Describe the Mycenaean Period

A

Greece, language - Linear B, war driven, male god, tombs (Tholos) - mounds, bee-hive-like, instability cause destruction, bronze age collapse.

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22
Q

Describe the Dark ages

A

all technology, stability, arts, population, literature disappeared, culture became oral, social chaos.

23
Q

Describe the Archaic Period

A

improvement after the Dark Ages, city emerged at Ionian coast (Turkey), reemergence of culture, art, literature, phoenician alphabet, Homer, Hesiod, Persian invasion caused the end of this period

24
Q

Describe the Classical Period

A

power shift to Athens from the Archaic Period, military, direct democracy, sculptures, architecture, comedy, philosophy, Death of Alexander the great.

25
Q

The chaos represented in Hesiod’s story represents _______, whereas Ovid’s was ________.

A

void and abyss

decay and renew

26
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe what is the realm of tartaros?

A

the material under the earth

27
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe Erebus.

A

the darkness in the universe

28
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe how brightness (Aeuter) was created.

A

darkness (Erebus) had sex with Tartaros

29
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe who created Ourenos (sky).

A

Gaia (earth goddess)

30
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe who was born from the castration of Ourenos.

A

Aphrodite

31
Q

In the creation myth by Hesiod describe who castrated Ourenos.

A

Kronos

32
Q

Compare and contras Hesiod’s and Ovid’s creation myth.

A
  • Ovid had an absence of god’s account, so no theogony.

- Hesiod claims that universe was headed to order by Zeus, Ovid said it would head towards decay and disorder

33
Q

In Ovid’s creation myth describe what was Lycaon’s role?

A

he tries to kill zeus but worst of all he attempts to sacrifice and feed him humans

34
Q

In Ovid’s creation myth describe who were the survivors of the floods?

A

Eeucalion and Pyrrha

35
Q

Who was the goddess that represented the Devine Feminine?

A

Demeter

36
Q

In Ovid’s creation myth describe how did people come back into being after the flood?

A

Eeucalion and Pyrrha had to throw rocks behind them and those rocks transformed into humans.

37
Q

What are some of the animals associated with Dionysus?

A

big cats, bears, goats, fox, snakes, and dolphins

38
Q

What was the name for the half man half goat creatures seen with Dionysus?

A

Satyrs

39
Q

The Maenads traveled east and took over _________ kingdom by tearing him apart.

A

Pentheus (suffering)

40
Q

According to Ovid, what are the stages of humanity? what did they represent?

A
  • Golden – no conflict, no law needed, trust among people, paradise, eden. Always spring or summer.
  • Silver – Zeus is in charge, climate changes, seasons first appear, people have to seek shelter, agriculture, treating the land.
  • Bronze – mind comes into being, conflict, Athena mind of strategy.
  • Iron – private property emerges, mining, metals, greed, war; made possible with the metals from the earth. Complete breakdown of moral order.

Occurs through the advancement of civilization.

41
Q

What are some of the associations with Cadmus?

A

bringer of language to the world, mathematics, serpents, bovine, water. Deep tension between abstract, intellectual, civilized, and the intuitive, transformation side of earth.

42
Q

Who was Cadmus’s sister?

A

Europa

43
Q

Who were Orpheus’s parents?

A

Calliope and Oeagrus or son of Apollo

44
Q

What are some associations for Orpheus?

A

Superior artist, craft, beauty, music, instrument of choice lyre (instrument of Apollo). Inspirational side of Dionysus with creative side of Apollo. Brings the rights of Dionysus to humanity; establishing the rights. One major myth → lost of his wife and his attempt to get her back (Ovid).

45
Q

What city did the oracle tell Cadmus to go to in order to rescue his sister?

A

Thebes

46
Q

Who was Orpheus’s wife?

A

Eurydice

47
Q

How was Orpheus killed?

A

by the maenads

48
Q

What did Prometheus name meant?

A

fore-thought

49
Q

Who were Prometheus’s parents?

A

Iapetus and Clymene

50
Q

Who are the two authors that had key components to the Hero myths?

A

Joseph Campbell and Lord Ragland

51
Q

What are some of the key components to Campbell’s diagram of hero myth?

A

it is circular, where half is based on events similar to realty and the second half all mythical

52
Q

What are some of the key components to Ragland’s diagram of hero myth?

A

He has 22 patterns that the typical hero has to follow

53
Q

What are the 12 labors that Heracles?

A 
Labor 1: The Nemean Lion -  task would be to bring him the skin of an invulnerable lion which terrorized the hills around Nemea.
Labor 2: The Lernean Hydra - The second labor of Hercules was to kill the Lernean Hydra. 
Labor 3: The Hind of Ceryneia - bring him the Hind of Ceryneia
Labor 4: The Erymanthean Boar
Labor 5: The Augean Stables
Labor 6: The Stymphalian Birds
Labor 7: The Cretan Bull
Labor 8: The Horses of Diomedes
Labor 9: The Belt of Hippolyte
Labor 10: Geryon's Cattle
Labor 11: The Apples of the Hesperides 
Labor 12: Cerberus

Greek Mythology (1 decks)

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