Exam 1 Flashcards
When did embalming start?
Ancient times
When did the preservation of foods using microbiology start?
Ancient times
Who is the English scientist famous for his work with microscopes?
Robert Hooke
When did Robert Hooke study his cells of cork?
1600 to 1800
Who coined the word cell?
Robert Hooke
What is Anthony van Leeuwenhoek famous for?
Primitive microscope using ground glass
What nationality is Anthony van Leewenhoek?
Dutch
Who is famous for identifying “animalcules”?
Anthony van Leeuwenhoek
Who opens up the science of microbiology?
Anthony van Leeuwenhoek
What is Francesco Redi famous for?
Beginning to disprove spontaneous generation
What nationality is Francesco Redi?
Italian
Who set up jars of meat to test spontaneous generation theory?
Francesco Redi
What is Edward Jenner famous for?
First vaccine against small pox using cowpox scraping.
What is profession of Edward Jenner?
Medical doctor
When was Anthony van Leeuwenhoek’s work?
1600 to 1800
When was Francesco redi’s work?
1600 to 1800
When was Edward jenner’s work?
1600 to 1800
When was Louis Pasteur’s work?
1800
What is Louis Pasteur famous for?
Pasteurization
What two industries did Louis Pasteur save in France?
Wine Silkworm (silk industry)
What vaccine did Louis Pasteur develop?
Rabies
Who is famous for the germ theory?
Robert Koch
When is Robert koch’s work?
1800s
When was Louis Pasteur’s work?
1800
What did people use to think about germs in 1800s?
If you were immoral or bad you would get diseases.
What is step one of Koch postulates?
Disease and microbe must Always be present in host.
What is step two of Koch postulates?
Isolate microbe in pure culture
What is step three of Koch postulates?
Infect new healthy host with microbe from pure culture and produce disease again.
What is step four of Koch postulates?
Reisolate microbe from second host
What are three problems with Koch postulates?
Viruses:step two cannot be carried out because they need a host
Small Pox:only in humans, who would want to participate?
HIV:symptoms take decades to show up
What solidifying agent did Robert Koch start using?
Agar
What did Robert Koch establish?
Pure cultures using agar
Who was the doctor who first started sterilizing surgical instruments?
Joseph Lister, MD
Who suggested hand washing in healthcare?
Ignaz Semmelweis
When was hand washing in healthcare suggested?
1800s
When were surgical instruments first sterilized?
1800s
When was Salvarsan (first chemical for disease) discovered?
1900s
How many chemicals did Paul Ehrlich study?
606
What does Salvarsan kill?
Syphlis
What is the base of Salvarsan?
Arsenic
What did Paul Ehrlich discover?
Salvarsan and sulfa drugs still used today
Who discovered Salvarsan? When?
Paul Ehrlich, 1900s
Who discovered the first true antibiotic?
Alexander Fleming
What did Alexander Fleming discover?
1st antibiotic, penicillin
Antibiotic definition?
Chemical produced by one organism to prohibit the growth of another organism
When did the mass production of penicillin begin?
1940s, WWII
When did the age of antibiotics begin?
1950s
Who discovered the structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick