exam 1 Flashcards
What does the ‘C’ in CIA Triad stand for?
Confidentiality - Ensuring only authorized users can access data.
What does the ‘I’ in CIA Triad stand for?
Integrity - Ensuring data is accurate and not modified without authorization.
What does the ‘A’ in CIA Triad stand for?
Availability - Ensuring data is accessible when needed.
What is the difference between a threat and a vulnerability?
A threat is an external danger (hacker, malware), while a vulnerability is a weakness in a system (unpatched software).
Give an example of an attack vector.
Phishing, Brute-force attack, Malware injection, Social Engineering.
Which cybersecurity law protects healthcare data?
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act).
Which cybersecurity law regulates credit card transactions?
PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard).
What are the five functions of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework?
Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover.
What does ‘Identify’ mean in the NIST Framework?
Understanding risks, assets, and vulnerabilities.
What does ‘Protect’ mean in the NIST Framework?
Implementing safeguards like firewalls, encryption, and access controls.
What does ‘Detect’ mean in the NIST Framework?
Monitoring networks for threats and anomalies.
What does ‘Respond’ mean in the NIST Framework?
Taking action when a cyberattack occurs (e.g., isolating affected systems).
What does ‘Recover’ mean in the NIST Framework?
Restoring services after an attack (e.g., backups, disaster recovery).
What does ‘A’ in ADKAR stand for?
Awareness - Recognizing the need for change.
What does ‘D’ in ADKAR stand for?
Desire - Willingness to participate in change.
What does ‘K’ in ADKAR stand for?
Knowledge - Understanding how to change.
What does ‘A’ (second) in ADKAR stand for?
Ability - Gaining skills to implement change.
What does ‘R’ in ADKAR stand for?
Reinforcement - Sustaining the change over time.
What is the first phase of Lewin’s Change Model?
Unfreeze.
What happens during the ‘Unfreeze’ phase in Lewin’s Model?
Unfreezing means preparing the organization for change by recognizing the need for it.
What is the second phase of Lewin’s Change Model?
Change.
What happens during the ‘Change’ phase in Lewin’s Model?
Change phase involves implementing the transition by adopting new behaviors, processes, or technologies.
What is the third phase of Lewin’s Change Model?
Refreeze.
What happens during the ‘Refreeze’ phase in Lewin’s Model?
Refreezing ensures that the change becomes permanent by reinforcing new practices and making them routine.
What is the first stage of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve?
Denial.
What happens during the ‘Denial’ stage of Kübler-Ross Model?
Denial stage includes shock and disbelief about the change.
What is the second stage of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve?
Anger.
What happens during the ‘Anger’ stage of Kübler-Ross Model?
Anger arises due to frustration or resistance against the change.
What is the third stage of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve?
Bargaining.
What happens during the ‘Bargaining’ stage of Kübler-Ross Model?
Bargaining involves trying to negotiate or find alternatives to avoid the change.
What is the fourth stage of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve?
Depression.
What happens during the ‘Depression’ stage of Kübler-Ross Model?
Depression stage includes feeling overwhelmed, sad, or helpless.
What is the fifth stage of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve?
Acceptance.
What happens during the ‘Acceptance’ stage of Kübler-Ross Model?
Acceptance is when the individual finally embraces and adapts to the change.
