Exam #1

Question 1

When was it considered the Middle Ages?

Answer 1

500-1400 AD

Question 2

When did the Roman Empire Fall?

Answer 2

476 AD

Question 3

What was life like in the Middle Ages?

Answer 3

It was very unstable and there was no education besides in the church. People had to fight to live and they usually didn’t live that long. (when Rome fell the whole empire crumbled)

Question 4

What music was “invented” during the middle ages and when?

Answer 4

The two types of music that the people used was ‘polyphony’ and ‘notation’. It was around year 1000 AD when is came about.

Question 5

What was the church to the people?

Answer 5

The church was what made the unstable world stable. The pope was very important. Music was typically only in the church. Religion dominated peoples lives.

Question 6

What type of service was there?

Answer 6

It was called Mass

Question 7

What was the early singing style and what was the 3 things that went into it?

Answer 7

Chant–it was no meter, modal, monophonic, and performed in Latin(easier to remember and more meaningful)

Question 8

What style of chants did they use?

Answer 8

Syllabic and melismatic

Question 9

Who was the first woman to write chants?

Answer 9

Hildegard von Bingen was the first woman/nun to write poems and music. The church didn’t take her seriously. ex: women didn’t sing in the church.

Question 10

What was it like in the Late Middle Ages?

Answer 10

The cities and towns developed and trade increased, life became more stable, kingdoms emerged.

Question 11

The court?

Answer 11

The court had troubadours- they were singers in the court. Music was composed by clerics.

Question 12

Beatriz?

Answer 12

She was a pretty well known singer.

Question 13

What was early polyphony called?

Answer 13

Notre Dame Organum

Question 14

What were two of the Notre Dame Organum?

Answer 14

Leonin and Perotin (12th and 13th century)

Question 15

Who composed the first Mass Ordinary

Answer 15

De Machaut, it was called Messe de Nostre Dame. He also wrote secular music for the court. ((Like a banjo type intru.))

Question 16

What were the five parts to the mass ordinary?

Answer 16

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei.

Question 17

Instrumental music?

Answer 17

We know very little

Question 18

What way was music thought of in Middle Ages?

Answer 18

Horizontal

Question 19

What does the Renaissance mean?

Answer 19

It means rebirth

Question 20

What were the dates of the Renaissance?

Answer 20

1400-1600 AD –which was the beginning of the baroque and it began in Italy(they discovered their path)

Question 21

Education during the Renaissance?

Answer 21

It started to be outside of the church, such as in schools

Question 22

What was discovered during the Renaissance?

Answer 22

Columbus sought out wealth and territory, time of Galileo and MLK

Question 23

What does it mean that Humanism emerged?

Answer 23

The focus on life was here and now and not the afterlife. The age of reason wand evidence of the senses affects the making of music, there was a focus on man instead of God(what pleases man)

Question 24

What were the musical objectives during the Renaissance?

Answer 24

A close relationship between text and music, a clear declaration of the text meaning that they listened to the word that were important, as well as word painting. (Text and music wasn’t in middle ages)

Question 25

What were Homophonic textures?

Answer 25

They were more understood and clearer. Their music was ‘vertical’, giving it a consonant sound.

Question 26

What was the preferred singing style in the Renaissance?

Answer 26

A capella– it was a trademark. During this, they would sing in different languages(skill)

Question 27

The Mass in the Renaissance?

Answer 27

the most significant musical genre, still uses chants along with the 5 parts of it.

Question 28

What was Josquin like?

Answer 28

He was a prodigy meaning he was talented at birth, egotistical, and international celebrity. He used texture to highlight the mass text. He unified the Pange Lunqua Mass

Question 29

Giovanni Palestrina?

Answer 29

Pope Marcellus Mass, was motet(Latin)–sacred text NOT form Mass Liturgy
–First 3 parts are fast and the last 2 are more slower and quieter

Question 30

What was secular music like?

Answer 30

Chanson–written in French, The Madrigal which began in Italy and caught on in England.

Question 31

Thomas Morley?

Answer 31

He was an English madrigalist.

Question 32

What’s a Madrigal?

Answer 32

typically one person per part, sung a cappella, text painting was a big part of it as well, meaning that it reflects what the text is saying.

Question 33

Dancing?

Answer 33

Therefore instrumental music, became increasingly popular. although dancing was still insignificant.

Question 34

Goutinberg?

Answer 34

helped the spread of music

Question 35

Music during the Renaissance?

Answer 35

music was becoming more popular outside of the church.