Exam 1

Question 1

what is ethical subjectivism?

Answer 1

the theory that our moral opinions are based on our feelings and nothing more

Question 2

is morality more of a “sentiment” or “reason” matter?

Answer 2

a sentiment matter

Question 3

what is simple subjectivism?

Answer 3

when a person says that something is morally good or bad, this means that he or she approves of that thing, or disapproves of it, and nothing more

Question 4

simple subjectivism can account for moral disagreement. true or false?

Answer 4

false

Question 5

can simple subjectivism state your belief and manifest a disagreement in the argument?

Answer 5

no it cannot

Question 6

what is emotivism?

Answer 6

statements that are not true or false, just expressing a speaker’s attitude

Question 7

what is the is disagreement in belief?

Answer 7

we believe different things, both of us which cannot be true

Question 8

what is disagreement in attitude?

Answer 8

we want different outcomes, both of which cannot occur

Question 9

what kind of disagreement is moral disagreement?

Answer 9

disagreement in attitude

Question 10

what is the error theory?

Answer 10

there are no “facts” in ethics, and no one is ever “right” or “wrong”

Question 11

what is nihlism?

Answer 11

values are not real

Question 12

can moral judgements be proved?

Answer 12

no they cannot

Question 13

what does simple subjectivism imply?

Answer 13

that we are always correct

Question 14

can moral judgements be criticized?

Answer 14

no because they are not judgements at all, they are expressions of attitude, which cannot be false

Question 15

are there proofs in ethics?

Answer 15

no there are not

Question 16

what is an argument?

Answer 16

a chain of reasoning designed to prove something

Question 17

what is the structure of an argument?

Answer 17

one or more premises and a conclusion, together with the claim that the conclusion follows from the premises

Question 18

what does “follows from the premises” mean?

Answer 18

the logical relation exists between the premises and the conclusion, if the premises are true then the conclusion must be too

Question 19

what is a sound argument?

Answer 19

the argument must be valid, and its premises must be true

Question 20

can an argument be unsound even if the premises and conclusion are both true? true or false?

Answer 20

true

Question 21

can a conclusion follow from premises even if those premises are false? true or false.

Answer 21

true

Question 22

can a conclusion be true and yet not follow from a given set of premises? true or false.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

what does an unsound argument mean?

Answer 23

that this argument does nothing to show that the conclusion is true

Question 24

what do we do when evaluating an argument?

Answer 24

are the premises true? and does the conclusion follow from them?

Question 25

what is moral skepticism?

Answer 25

the idea that there is no such thing as objective oral truth

Question 26

what is the cultural differences argument?

Answer 26

an observation that in different cultures people have different ideas concerning right and wrong

Question 27

is the cultural differences argument valid?

Answer 27

no

Question 28

what is the provability argument?

Answer 28

there is no such thing as objective truth in ethics

Question 29

is the provability argument a valid form of argument?

Answer 29

no

Question 30

what is simple subjectivism and emotivism in regard to ethical subjectivism?

Answer 30

two incompatible versions of ethical subjectivism

Question 31

is simple subjectivism fact stating? true or false.

Answer 31

true

Question 32

is emotivism fact stating? true or false.

Answer 32

no

Question 33

is emotivism or simple subjectivism a better account for moral disagreement?

Answer 33

emotivism account for moral disagreement better

Question 34

does simple subjectivism allow you to disagree with others?

Answer 34

no because it is simple stating your position on a topic

Question 35

what does moral disagreement equal?

Answer 35

disagreement in attitude

Question 36

what is disagreement in belief?

Answer 36

disagreement in what you believe

Question 37

what is disagreement in attitudes?

Answer 37

different attitudes and sentiments

Question 38

can emotivism resolve moral disagreement?

Answer 38

no it cannot