exam 1 Flashcards
What is the process of making meaning between people?
Communication
What describes biological designations and classifications created by language and social constructions?
Sex
What refers to social expectations for bodies and behaviors?
Gender
What describes when gender identity aligns with sex assigned at birth?
Cisgender
What refers to identification with a gender that doesn’t match biological sex?
Transgender
What describes gender identities not exclusively masculine or feminine?
Non-Binary
What term historically meant ‘deviating from normal’ but has been reclaimed by LGBTQ+ communities?
Queer
What describes someone possessing biological characteristics of both sexes?
Intersex
What refers to discourses that reproduce privilege within institutions?
Aesthetic Disqualification
What describes values that erase those who don’t fit the binary?
Normativity
What describes the belief that heterosexuality should be the norm?
Heteronormativity
What framework examines how factors like race, gender, and class interact?
Intersectionality
What describes when women belong to multiple disadvantaged groups?
Double jeopardy
What is our internal sense of being male, female, or another gender?
Gender identity
What describes one’s identification with various categories of sexuality?
Sexual identity
What explains social phenomena through natural or biological causes?
Essentialism
What describes one group’s domination over others?
Hegemony
What belief suggests gender differences stem from biology?
Biological determinism
What describes fear of confirming negative group stereotypes?
Stereotype threat
What theory says gender is learned through imitation and reinforcement?
Social learning theory
What theory examines how early relationships shape communication?
Object relations theory
What theory explores how social interaction shapes gender expectations?
Symbolic interactionism
What describes masculine norms of strength and emotional restraint?
Hegemonic masculinity
What rhetorical approach recognizes feminism while appreciating human eloquence?
Gender diversity perspective
What theory emphasizes difference and rejects innate identity categories?
Queer theory
What describes someone who doesn’t conform to traditional gender categories?
Genderqueer
What shapes how we select and interpret information?
Fields of experience
What describes the physical context of communication?
Physical context
What describes the emotional state affecting communication?
Emotional context
What includes background sounds and internal distractions?
Noise
What three-step process describes how we process information?
Selection-organization-interpretation
What theory states knowledge is shaped by social position?
Standpoint theory
What describes male domination in social systems?
Patriarchy
What historical group included female members despite popular belief?
KKK
What describes gender expression through appearance and behavior?
Gender expression
What refers to attraction to others sexually and romantically?
Sexual orientation
What describes traits society associates with masculinity?
Masculine stereotypes
What describes traits society associates with femininity?
Feminine stereotypes
What cultural practice in Albania allowed women to live as men?
Sworn virgins
What Native American term describes people embodying both gender spirits?
Two Spirit
What theory examines how power distance affects culture?
Cultural dimensions theory
What describes comfort with uncertainty in different cultures?
Uncertainty avoidance
What describes prioritizing individual versus group needs?
Individualism-collectivism
What describes cultural emphasis on traditional gender roles?
Masculinity-femininity dimension
What describes orientation toward future versus immediate rewards?
Long-term orientation
What describes cultural attitudes toward gratification versus restraint?
Indulgence-restraint
What describes how gender identity can shift across contexts?
Dynamic identity
What theory suggests gender is performed through actions and expression?
Queer performance theory
What describes the process of creating gender through daily actions?
Doing gender
What describes the sharing of oneself through clothing and demeanor?
Self-expression
What includes biological features like body hair, voice pitch, and anatomy?
Anatomical sex
What describes how someone presents their gender to the world?
Gender presentation
What theory suggests gender identity comes from biological factors?
Biological theory
What theory examines mental frameworks for understanding gender?
Gender schema theory
What describes male-centered social systems?
Male-identified systems
What describes patriarchy’s focus on power and dominance?
Obsession with control
What describes higher suicide rates among men due to social pressures?
Male violence to self
What describes valuing masculine jobs over feminine ones?
Gender-based job valuation
What describes knowledge informed by social and cultural position?
Socially situated knowledge
What describes media’s role in perpetuating gender stereotypes?
Media influence
What describes family’s role in teaching gender norms?
Family socialization
What describes education’s role in reinforcing gender roles?
Educational influence
What describes assertive, task-focused communication style?
Masculine communication
What describes nurturing, relational communication style?
Feminine communication
What theory examines biological basis for gender differences?
Biological approach
What describes learning gender through observation?
Observational learning
What describes communication shaped by cultural values?
Cultural approach
What describes power’s role in communication norms?
Power dynamics
What describes misunderstandings based on gender differences?
Gender miscommunication
What describes language that includes all gender identities?
Inclusive communication
What describes awareness of gender-based assumptions?
Gender consciousness
What describes challenging traditional gender roles?
Gender role resistance
What describes the spectrum of gender identity options?
Gender spectrum
What describes attraction patterns separate from gender identity?
Sexual attraction
What describes romantic attraction patterns?
Romantic attraction
What describes biological sex classifications?
Sex assignment
What describes changes in gender roles over time?
Gender role evolution
What describes unconscious gender-based assumptions?
Gender bias
What describes society’s role in constructing gender?
Social construction
What describes historical influences on gender roles?
Historical context
What describes emotional expression norms for men?
Male emotional constraints
What describes pressure to conform to gender norms?
Gender role pressure
What describes intersection of gender and workplace?
Workplace gender dynamics
What describes gender’s influence on communication style?
Gendered communication patterns
What describes culture’s influence on gender expression?
Cultural gender norms
What describes alternative approaches to gender identity?
Non-binary perspectives
What describes gender’s role in power structures?
Gender power dynamics
What describes discrimination based on gender identity?
Gender discrimination
What describes privilege based on gender identity?
Gender privilege
What describes gender’s role in social institutions?
Institutional gender
What describes gender’s influence on relationships?
Gendered relationships
What describes society’s gender expectations?
Gender role expectations
What describes resistance to traditional gender norms?
Gender non-conformity
What describes gender’s role in identity formation?
Gender identity development
What describes influence of peers on gender expression?
Peer influence
What describes media’s gender representations?
Media gender portrayal
What describes gender’s role in language use?
Gendered language
What describes gender-based power imbalances?
Gender power inequality
What describes cultural gender diversity?
Gender cultural variation
What describes changing views of gender over time?
Gender perception evolution
What describes impact of gender on life experiences?
Gendered experiences
What describes gender’s role in social interaction?
Gender social dynamics
What describes systematic gender inequality?
Gender stratification
What describes resistance to gender constraints?
Gender role challenge
What describes the process of getting rid of gender stereotypes?
Deconstructing gender
What describes gender as changeable rather than fixed?
Gender as Process
What describes the division of labor roles like teacher vs professor?
Gender as Structure
What describes how we hierarchically identify gender roles?
Gender as Stratification
What describes the organized systems that keep our institutions running?
Systems
What describes the actual application of ideas or beliefs versus theories?
Practices
What describes feeling normal due to unearned social advantages?
Privilege
What describes prejudices grounded in aesthetics of human disqualification?
Phobia
What describes advantages given to those whose gender matches birth assignment?
Cisgender privilege
What describes benefits received by being part of the dominant racial group?
White privilege
What describes systems reproducing privilege through institutional practices?
Constructing the normal subject
What rhetoric seeks to understand others’ complex identities and worldviews?
Invitational rhetoric
What describes how we perceive ourselves?
Avowals of identity
What describes how outsiders define and value groups?
Ascriptions of identity
What describes taken-for-granted gender explanations from family and friends?
Implicit theories of gender
What describes biological influences without determining behavior?
Biological theories
What describes mothers treating sons and daughters differently?
Differentiation
What describes seeing children as similar to or different from oneself?
Identification
What describes how gender roles are internalized through communication?
Role theory
What describes diverse global approaches to feminism?
Multiracial and global feminisms
What describes examining how discourse marginalizes colonized peoples?
Postcolonialism
What describes different levels of power: interpersonal, disciplinary, cultural, and structural?
Domains of power
What describes whole sets of operating systems working together?
Institutions
What describes how gender is reproduced in everyday interactions?
Constructing gender
What describes being held accountable for gender performances?
Gender accountability
What describes hegemonic discourses that define ‘normal’ in institutions?
Hegemonic discourses
What describes having multiple privileged identities?
Double protection
What describes indigenous knowledge systems about gender?
Indigenous gender knowledge
What describes simultaneous performance of multiple identities?
Multiple identity performance
